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Urban Metabolic Risk: A Literature Review Towards a New Definition
No full textIn contemporary cities environmental, social, and economic dynamics interact, often in a fragile balance, exacerbating existing multi-risk conditions. Urban Metabolic Risk (UMR) emerges as an innovative paradigm to understand how urban dynamics and transformations can amplify systemic vulnerabilities and compromise urban resilience. Through a Literature Review, this study highlights disciplinary frag-mentation and the lack of a holistic approach to analyzing Urban Metabolism and risk studies. The findings show that UMR is not only a consequence of local imbalances but a structural phenomenon arising from unsustainable urban development patterns. The analysis reveals several key themes emerging within interdisciplinary boundaries in relation to territorial risk from a metabolic perspective, which may prove to be fertile ground for future research, including the development of territorial regener-ation strategies. The study emphasizes the urgency of overcoming sectoral views by integrating Urban Metabolism into strategic planning and spatial design. Only an interdisciplinary and systemic approach can transform cities into more adap-tive organisms capable of facing future challenges with greater effectiveness and sustainability
Exploring Students’ Research Engagement on Digital Technologies and AI. The MENS Group and UNIMORE Case Studies
No full textMetastatic medulloblastoma remodels the local leptomeningeal microenvironment to promote further metastatic colonization and growth
No full textLeptomeningeal metastases are the major source of morbidity and mortality for patients with medulloblastoma. The biology of the leptomeningeal metastases and the local tumour microenvironment are poorly characterized. Here we show that metastasis-associated meningeal fibroblasts (MB-MAFs) are transcriptionally distinct and signal extensively to tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Metastatic cells secrete platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands into the local microenvironment to chemotactically recruit meningeal fibroblasts. Meningeal fibroblasts are reprogrammed to become MB-MAFs, expressing distinct transcriptomes and secretomes, including bone morphogenetic proteins. Active bone morphogenetic protein signalling and co-implantation of tumour cells with MB-MAFs enhances the colonization of the leptomeninges by medulloblastoma cells and promotes the growth of established metastases. Furthermore, treatment of patient-derived xenograft mice with a PDGF-receptor-α neutralizing antibody enhances overall survival in vivo. Collectively, our results define a targetable intercellular communication cascade in the metastatic niche to treat leptomeningeal disease
Variational analysis of nonlocal Dirichlet problems in periodically perforated domain
No full textIn this paper we consider a family of non local functionals of convolution-type depending on a small parameter and -converging to local functionals defined on Sobolev spaces as . We study the asymptotic behaviour of the functionals when the order parameter is subject to Dirichlet conditions on a periodically perforated domains, given by a periodic array of small balls of radius centered on a –periodic lattice, being an additional small parameter and . We highlight differences and analogies with the local case, according to the interplay between the three scales , and . A fundamental tool in our analysis turns out to be a non local variant of the classical Gagliardo–Nirenberg–Sobolev inequality in Sobolev spaces which may be of independent interest and useful for other applications
Nullità contrattuali, interpretazione delle clausole, obbligo di registrazione
No full textLa relazione ha abbracciato sia profili “classici”, ma sempre attuali, dei contratti di locazione, concernenti le nullità di questi ultimi per inosservanza delle prescrizioni di forma o di registrazione, sia i canoni di interpretazione delle clausole dei medesimi contratti sottoposte al vaglio degli interpreti, in particolare dei giudici
Numerical investigation and microkinetic modelling of high-temperature water-gas shift reaction for hydrogen production using iron-based catalysts
No full textThe advancement of the hydrogen economy worldwide has facilitated the production of hydrogen from various resources. The water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) serves as a critical intermediate step for hydrogen enrichment and CO reduction in syngas derived from carbon-based hydrogen production. This paper presents a numerical investigation into the kinetic modelling of high-temperature WGSR using an iron-based catalyst in a reactor equipped with a Ni membrane. The study employs the Podolski et al. kinetic model with a 93% Fe2O3/7% Cr2O3 catalyst to evaluate the impact of temperature and the CO/H2O molar ratio on the overall reaction performance. Results indicate that an increase in temperature leads to a decrease in reactant conversion. To achieve optimal CO conversion and H2 generation, a CO/H2O molar input ratio of 1 is necessary. On the other hand, a microkinetic model for WGSR based on the formate mechanism over an iron-based catalyst is proposed. This comprehensive model includes seven adsorbed species and encompasses 18 elementary-step forward reactions. The developed model also enables the evaluation of temperature effects on surface coverage. Key intermediates identified in the model include OH* and HCOO* species. Additionally, it was determined that CO activation is more favorable at high temperatures
Paul Hazard: «la crisi della coscienza europea» e l’idealismo italiano
No full textPaul Hazard’s La crise de la conscience européene is a book that gives its title to an era. By this definition, Hazard is indeed referring to a neglected thirty years of European history (1680-1715): the period in which the crisis became the forge from which the great ideas of the Enlightenment were born. But the book also gives its title to the era in which Hazard lives: it was published in 1935 and is conspicuously part of the contemporary debate on the crisis of Europe.
This article examines La crise de la conscience européene (The European Mind: The Critical Years: 1680-1715, 1935) in this double sense. It also examines its reception in the context of Italian Idealism (Croce, Gentile, De Ruggiero). It is divided into four sections: 1. From Révolution to Crise; 2. Critique of the Crise; 3. The Struggle against Reason and History; 4. Europe is its Crisis
Pharmacological Modulation of Autophagy Corrects Cellular Defects in Pediatric Crohn's Disease
No full text: Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder marked by impaired autophagy due to inefficient bacterial uptake. We studied the effects of autophagy modulation using Tat-beclin-1 and carbamazepine (CBZ) on dendritic cells (DCs) and Paneth cell functionality in pediatric CD patients. Twenty CD children genotyped for the ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism and 10 healthy controls were enrolled. DCs were incubated with fluorochrome-conjugated particles of Escherichia coli or DQ-ovalbumin after pretreatment with CBZ or Tat-beclin-1 to evaluate antigen processing. Treated DCs were stained for P62, LAMP1, and LC3, and analyzed by confocal microscopy. Paneth cells from biopsies were pretreated with both drugs, stained for lysozyme, and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Antigen processing increased after Tat-beclin-1 and CBZ treatment in all groups. DCs expressed higher activation markers HLA-DR and CD86+, notably in high-risk patients, who also showed increased DQ-OVA processing. The number of lysozymes in Paneth cells from controls did not change after Tat-beclin-1 treatment, while in the CD group, it decreased significantly, suggesting increased exocytosis. CBZ treatment increased secretory granules only in CD inflamed tissue. Our results indicate that CBZ and Tat-beclin-1 enhance autophagic flux, representing a novel approach to treating pediatric CD patients