137262 research outputs found
Sort by
The Frontier of Climate Science. Solar variability, natural cycles and model uncertainty
No full textHow well do we truly understand Earth's climate? What natural forces remain beyond our grasp? Is Net Zero the only viable path forward?
The Frontier of Climate Science explores climate dynamics through physics, complex systems, and astronomy, synthesizing several decades of peer-reviewed research.
The book critically reviews the scientific foundations of modern climate theory, the evolution of IPCC assessments, and the limits of global climate models (GCMs) when confronted with observations. It investigates natural variability across multiple timescales, including oceanic oscillations, solar variability, and astronomical cycles driving both solar and climate variability, integrating satellite data, paleoclimate reconstructions, and empirical modeling approaches.
From this evidence emerges a balanced view of climate risk, favoring pragmatic adaptation over narrowly defined policy pathways such as Net Zero. Rich in insights and analytical approaches, the book helps readers understand climate variability, assess risks, think critically, and explore key open questions in climate science.
Endorsed by the International Association for Gondwana Research (IAGR) and by the "Centro di Ricerca Previsione, Prevenzione e Controllo dei Rischi Geologici" (CERI), Sapienza University of Rome.
Forewords by Prof. M. Santosh, Prof. Alberto Prestininzi, and Prof. Judith Curr
Effects of lighting technologies on the physiology of a marine diatom, Cocconeis scutellum var. parva (Bacillariophyceae): 2. production of antioxidants and other bioactive compounds
No full textDiatoms are microalgae showing a remarkable functional diversity, but their chemical composition is strongly influenced by environmental factors. Knowledge of benthic diatom physiology remains limited compared to planktonic taxa. Light and temperature are key environmental cues affecting biochemical pathways, suggesting that bioactive compound production may vary under different conditions. This study investigated the influence of four light spectra on the growth and secondary metabolite production of the benthic diatom Cocconeis scutellum var. parva . Led lamps demonstrated to be quite efficient in terms of biomass productivity, promoting a significantly higher biomass production with lower energy consumption. Extracts from cultures were characterized and evaluated for cytotoxicity on human cell lines, antioxidant activity, and radical scavenging capacity. Our results revealed marked differences in bioactivity depending on the light spectrum, with neon lamps and one LED system, rich in red light, promoting the highest biological activity. These findings demonstrate that optimizing light conditions is crucial for enhancing the quality of diatom-derived bioactive compounds. Spectral modulation under constant irradiance specifically altered antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities, highlighting the biotechnological potential of C. scutellum var. parva for medical, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and aquaculture applications
Novel electric pulse-based manufacturing process for thin titanium sheets: impact on the environment
No full textThis work investigates the sustainability of electro-assisted sheet metal forming using electric pulses, a technology approaching a manufacturing readiness level of 7, in comparison with conventional heat-assisted processing. A comparative Life Cycle Assessment is presented to evaluate the environmental performance of a novel electro-pulsed treatment (EPT) as a replacement for traditional heat treatment (HT) applied prior to Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) and Deep Drawing (DD) of Ti6Al4V alloy. Four different scenarios were modeled, and Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data were obtained from both literature sources and a dedicated experimental campaign to ensure high accuracy. The results demonstrate that EPT provides significant environmental advantages, reducing Global Warming Potential by 8–10% compared to HT. Moreover, Cumulative Energy Demand is drastically reduced, by 94.45% for ISF and 93.9% for DD. Overall, the adoption of EPT represents a more sustainable alternative, significantly lowering energy consumption and environmental impacts while improving the formability of Ti6Al4V alloy
La sociologia nella didattica del diritto
No full textL'intervento si è incentrato sulla utilità dei paradigmi, delle informazioni e delle teorie, elaborate dalla sociologia per la didattica del diritto
La giustizia costituzionale in una prospettiva comparata tra Italia ed Ecuador
No full text«L’amministrazione della giustizia in Ecuador e un’analisi delle sentenze della Corte costituzionale» della Dra. Nuria Pérez Puig-Mir, PhD Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil de Jurisprudencia, Ciencias Sociales y Politicas, nell’ambito del Dottorato di Ricerca «Diritti umani. Teoria Storia e Prassi»
Pre- and syn-eruptive processes during ancient pre-caldera activity at Campi Flegrei (Italy): petrology and chemostratigraphy of the Vitafumo and Miliscola tuff-cones
No full textA detailed petrological investigation of the juvenile clasts from the deposits of the Vitafumo and Miliscola tuff cones is reported here, representing the first attempt to reconstruct the architecture of the plumbing systems of Phlegraean volcanoes preceding the caldera-forming Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption. The Vitafumo and Miliscola juvenile clasts are remarkably crystal-poor to nearly aphyric, with sparse microphenocrysts of mostly sanidine, plus some plagioclase in the slightly crystal-richer and older Vitafumo samples. Groundmass glass compositions are trachytic and homogeneous for each volcano, with only slightly higher MgO, CaO and K2O and lower Na2O in the Miliscola samples. Such features are perfectly mirrored by whole-rock compositions, with the trachytic Miliscola samples being slightly less evolved than the Vitafumo ones, as indicated by lower SiO2, Rb, Zr and Nb and higher TiO2, Fe2O3tot, CaO, Sr, Ba and V. In addition, the compositions of the juvenile clasts of the two volcanoes have resulted to remain substantially unchanged throughout their stratigraphic sequences.
Geothermometric and geohygrometric calculations indicate that the Vitafumo magma was characterised by a T of 812-880 °C and 2.97-4.14 wt.% H2O before being erupted, while the Miliscola magma was significantly cooler (700-728 °C) and water-richer (4.52-5.59 wt.%). These features, along with constraints from experimental petrology on Campi Flegrei magmas, suggest that both the eruptions were fed by magmas that represent interstitial residual melts efficiently extracted from a crystal mush reservoir, in line with the low crystallinity of the juvenile clasts and the remarkable homogeneity of groundmass glass and whole-rock compositions. The switch in time from the more evolved, hotter and water-poorer Vitafumo magma to the colder and water-richer (possibly close to saturation) Miliscola magma can be reconciled with either i) the presence of two independent reservoirs or ii) the evolution through time of a single reservoir via melting of its feldspar-dominated crystal mush by trachytic recharging magma, both compatible with the presence of a common deeper magma accumulation zone at Campi Flegrei.
The results of the petrological characterisation of the Vitafumo and Miliscola products are overall consistent with those for the generally strongly evolved Campi Flegrei pre-CI products, thus supporting the idea that during the ancient stage of Phlegraean activity reservoir growth processes of magma accumulation, differentiation and homogenisation, were prevalent. Nevertheless, the relatively low T, possibly coupled with H2O contents being close to saturation in the Miliscola case, do not fully conform to the general temporal trends observed for these parameters during the ancient Phlegraean activity. This suggest that uncertainties still exist on the state of the Campi Flegrei magmatic system during the pre-CI stage, and thus on its evolution with time
La famiglia come luogo della vulnerabilità
No full textSi esaminano situazioni di vulnerabilità all’interno della familia romana focalizzando l’attenzione su due costituzioni imperiali relative a periodi storici differenti accomunate dal tema dell’unione matrimoniale di una donna ingenua con un liberto e delle sue conseguenze sulla posizione dei coniugi e dei figli
Into the Breath of Form: Fields of Awareness and Empty Domains
No full textThe notion of "place" (basho) lies at the heart of Nishida Kitarō’s philosophy. He develops his polysemic concept of basho (translated as place, field, locus, topos, situs), elaborating on the idea of a “force field” in which self-awareness arises. A principle of invariance, similar to the one leading Einstein to the theory of relativity, leads Nishida to a “place where things exist,” a place that remains unchanged through the continuous flow of things. As the concept of field dissolves the force of gravity into a “curvature” of spacetime, revealing the hidden pulse of the physical world in the entanglement of matter and spacetime, so the concept of basho captures the very breath of self-awareness in the mutual mirroring of the self and the world. Insofar as it grasps the “contradictory nature” of reality, knowledge, and self-awareness, Nishida’s dialectic of basho also accommodates the contradictory nature of modern physics, built on the “contradictory self-identity” of time and space, consciousness and matter, predicates and object. But Nishida’s view may also have inspired, in turn, theoretical work in physics.
The main goal of this chapter is to explore a possible resonance between Nishida’s dialectic of “place” and Yukawa’s theory of elementary domains. What Yukawa regards as an “empty domain” is a quantum of spacetime. If energy is associated with an elementary domain, depending on the mode of association, the domain will become identifiable as a variety of different elementary particles. Like a room in a “wayside inn,” even if it is empty, the domain will be there. Thus, the “self-identity of contradictories” finds expression in the simultaneous existence and nonexistence of elementary particles and domains