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Uluslararası ticareti geliştirmenin bir aracı olarak blockchain teknolojisi
Get PDFDış Ticaret Enstitüsü, Uluslararası Ticaret Ana Bilim DalıUluslararası ticaret, blok zincirinin kullanımıyla birlikte birçok sorunla karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu nedenle, uluslararası ticaretin dönüşebilmesi için teknolojinin yenilenmesi gereksinimi ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sürecin mümkün olup olmadığını sağlamak için bu çalışmada tedarik zinciri yönetiminin nasıl çalıştığı analiz edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, çalışma kapsamında ticaret ve finans sistemleri de incelenmiştir. Araştırma, mevcut sistemin dolandırıcılık riski içerdiğini, düzensiz olduğunu ve en düşük potansiyele sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak blok zincirine dayalı bir çözüm bulunmaktadır. Bu çözüm, güvenlik, verimlilik ve şeffaflık gibi kritik işlevleri taşımaktadır. Ayrıca, bu araştırma kripto para alanındaki uygulamaları da içermektedir. Bunlar finans ve ticareti ve hatta tedarik zinciri yönetimi gibi alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Blok zinciri sürecinde kullanılan örnekler arasında Voltron platformu, Food Trust ve TradeTrust projesi bulunmaktadır. Bu örnekler, tedarik zincirlerini, finansı ve diğer prosedürleri güvence altına almanın ne kadar kolay olduğunu göstermektedir. Blok zinciri teknolojisinin güvenilir olduğunu, dolayısıyla dolandırıcılık riskini azalttığını ve ticaretin daha yaygın hale geldiğini belirten bu örnekler büyük önem arzetmektedir. Ayrıca, çalışmanın odak noktası blok zincirinin daha fazla ölçeklenebilir olması ve ne gibi düzenlemelerin gerekli olduğunun belirlenmesi üzerinedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma blok zincirinin küresel ticarette standart haline gelmesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler : Uluslararası Ticaret , Blockchain teknolojisi , Kağıtsız Ticaret.International trade has many issues that arise when the use of blockchain is also along with it. Hence, the technology needed to change to ensure international trade was transformed. So, to ensure there is a possibility in the process, we see how the supply chain works for the management. Also, the trade system and finance procedures are taken care of. The research shows that the system currently consists of fraud, is disorganized, and has the least potential. There is a solution based on blockchain. They carry some critical functions of security, efficiency as well as transparency. Moreover, this research shows the applications of cryptocurrency space. Those have the finance trade and even the management of the supply chain. The examples used for the blockchain process include the Voltron platform, Food Trust, and TradeTrust project. It shows how easy it is to secure the supply chains, the finances, and other procedures. Those are some of the examples that tell how blockchain technology is indeed trusted, which in turn reduces fraud, and even trade is more common then. The focus is also on the study of how there can be more scalability and considerations for regulations. Hence, the study makes sure that blockchain is standard in global trade. Keywords : International Trade , Blockchain technology , Paperless Trade
Comparison of depression and anxiety levels in mothers of children diagnosed with specific learning disabilities, autism or intellectual disabilities
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Uygulamalı Psikoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Uygulamalı Psikoloji Bilim DalıAraştırmanın amacı, zihinsel yetersizlik, özgül öğrenme güçlüğü (ÖÖG) ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) tanısı almış çocukların annelerinin depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri arasında ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma metodolojisi kullanılmış ve ilişkisel tarama modeliyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları İstanbul ili Arnavutköy ilçesinde RAM'a yönlendirilen ve özel eğitim merkezlerinde kayıtlı 40 zihinsel engelli, 40 OSB ve 40 ÖÖG tanısı almış toplamda 120 öğrencinin annelerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak "Kişisel Bilgi Formu", "Beck Depresyon Ölçeği" ve "Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği" uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; "Mann-Whitney U Testi","Kruskal-Wallis H Testi ve "Pearson Korelâsyon" testleri kullanılmıştır.The aim of the research is to examine the relationship between the levels of depression and anxiety in mothers of children diagnosed with intellectual disability, specific learning difficulties (SLD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Quantitative research methodology was used with a cross-sectional and correlational survey model. The participants of the study consisted of mothers of 40 intellectually disabled, 40 ASD, and 40 SLD-diagnosed students who were referred to the Resource and Application Center (RAM) and enrolled in special education centers in the Arnavutköy district of Istanbul, making a total of 120 participants. The data collection tools were the "Demographic Form," "Beck Depression Scale," and "Beck Anxiety Scale." Data analysis involved the use of the Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, and Pearson Correlation tests
The relationship between the structure of the audit committee and tax avoidance: The example of Turkey
Get PDFBu çalışmanın amacı denetim komitesinin yapısı ile vergiden kaçınma arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Borsa İstanbul’da 2021 ve 2020 yıllarında işlem gören şirketlerin finansal tablo bilgileri, kurumsal yönetim ile ilgili raporları ve web siteleri incelenerek veriler elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda denetim komitesindeki kadın üye sayısı ve komite üyelerinin mesleki bilgi düzeyleri ile vergiden kaçınma arasında anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Denetim komitesi içinde iktisadi ve idari bilimler alanında eğitim görmüş üye sayısı artışının vergiden kaçınmayı azalttığı, buna karşın komitedeki kadın üye oranı artışının vergiden kaçınmayı artırdığı belirlenmiştir.The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the structure of the audit committee and tax avoidance. Data was obtained by examining the financial statement information, corporate governance-related reports and websites of the companies traded on Borsa Istanbul in 2021 and 2020. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in the study. As a result of the analysis, significant relationships were determined between the number of female members in the audit committee, the professional knowledge levels of the committee members and tax avoidance. It has been determined that an increase in the number of members educated in economics and administrative sciences within the audit committee reduces tax avoidance, whereas an increase in the proportion of female members in the committee increases tax avoidance
Application of carbon-based nanomaterials in solar-thermal systems: An updated review
No full textIncreasing the world population makes it necessary to look for alternative and sustainable energy resources to meet the rising energy demand. In recent years, the utilization of different renewable energies has been accelerated because of the negative effects of fossil fuels and their limited resources. Among different solar energy technologies, solar liquid and air collectors are extensively utilized for providing heated water and air. Rapid development in science and technology makes it possible to improve the performance of solar collectors. Producing nanomaterials and using the obtained nano-sized particles for improving the thermophysical specifications of the working fluid or coating material can be considered for performance improvement. In the present study, applications of carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNMs) in various solar thermal systems have been reviewed comprehensively. In other words, the effects of utilizing carbon-based nanomaterials as promising material on the overall performance have been investigated. Preparation techniques and thermophysical specifications of carbon-based nanomaterials have been explained in detail. Also, utilization of carbon-based nanomaterials in seven widely utilized solar-thermal technologies and their impacts on the thermal behavior of the tested system have been concluded. This review gives a general perspective about applicability of carbon-based nanomaterials for performance enhancement in various solar-thermal systems
Investigating the Effect of Gross Capital Formation on Carbon Emissions in Somalia
No full textThe advent of climate change has evolved into a paramount challenge for humanity, prompting extensive endeavors to mitigate its consequences. This
research delves into the influence between gross capital formation (GCF) and carbon dioxide emissions in Somalia, spanning the years 1991-2019.
To scrutinize the long-term associations among the variables under consideration, the study employed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model.
Additionally, to ensure the robustness of the study, both dynamic ordinary least squares and fully modified ordinary least squares were applied.
Contrary to expectations, the findings indicate that GCF does not exert a significant influence on carbon dioxide emissions. The study advocates for
the implementation of a comprehensive environmental policy framework that considers a spectrum of contributing factors beyond GCF. To address
the multifaceted nature of environmental challenges, the study recommends initiatives such as diversification of energy sources, technology transfer,
promotion of sustainable practices, and integration of climate resilience
Energy-related uncertainty shocks and inflation dynamics in the U.S: A multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression approach
No full textExisting literature suggests that uncertainty shocks can propagate like aggregate demand shocks or aggregate supply shocks. By way of extension, this study investigates the effect of energy-related uncertainty shocks on U.S. inflation while incorporating the effect of industrial production and interest rate uncertainty shocks. Using a multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression for the period 2000:M6 to 2019:M7, the findings reveal that energyrelated uncertainty shocks amplify inflation by manifesting as cost-push shocks with a stronger connection emerging in quantiles slightly above the median quantile distribution of energy-related uncertainty. Although industrial production positively drives inflation, its effect is observed less around median quantiles of inflation than in the lower and upper quantiles. Furthermore, the effect of interest rate uncertainty is negative and stronger in quantiles around the median of inflation, suggesting that interest rate uncertainty behaves like aggregate demand shocks. Based on these findings, policy implications are offered
Nonlinear network connectedness: Assessing financial risk transmission in MENA and influence of external financial conditions
No full textThis study investigates the influence of global financial market conditions on financial risk connectedness and transmission among the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) economies. Utilizing weekly realized stock market volatilities as a measure of risk and employing a smooth transition threshold vector autoregressive (STVAR) model to analyze risk transmission under varying levels of financial stress, the authors also examine the impact of external macroeconomic conditions on the risk connectedness of MENA economies. The results indicate that the overall connectedness, based on a standard VAR model, is moderate at 48.34%. However, in the low financial stress regime, overall connectedness increases to 52.79%, and in the high financial stress regime, it rises to 72.94%, indicating stronger risk interdependency among MENA countries during times of high stress. In the high financial stress regime, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates are identified as net risk transmitters among MENA countries. The study also reveals that risk transmission across MENA is more pronounced in the regime-dependent model compared to the overall mean-based VAR model
The impact of the day of the week on the financial market: an empirical investigation on cryptocurrencies
No full textPurpose: This study investigates the effect of the day of the week on the volatility of cryptocurrencies. Thus, we reveal investors' perceptions of the day of the week. Design/methodology/approach: The EGARCH model consists of the day of the week for 2019–2022 and the volatility of 11 cryptocurrencies. Findings: Empirical results show that the weekend harms cryptocurrency volatility. Also, there was positive cryptocurrency volatility at the beginning of the week. Our findings show that weekdays and weekends significantly impact cryptocurrency volatility. Besides, cryptocurrency investors are sensitive to market movements, disclosures, and regulations during the week. Holiday mode and cognitive shortcuts may cause cryptocurrency traders to remain passive on weekends. Research limitations/implications: This study has some limitations. We include 11 cryptocurrencies in the analysis by limiting cryptocurrencies according to market capitalizations. Further studies may analyze a larger sample. In addition, further studies may examine the moderator and mediator effects of other financial instruments. Practical implications: The empirical results have research, social and practical conclusions from different aspects. Our analysis may contribute to determining trading strategies, risk management, market efficiency, regulatory oversight, and investment decisions in the cryptocurrency market. Originality/value: The calendar effect in financial markets has extensive literature. However, cryptocurrencies' weekday and weekend effect needs to be adequately analyzed. Besides, studies analyzing cryptocurrency volatility are limited. We contribute to the literature by investigating the impact of days of the week on cryptocurrency volatility with a large sample and current data
Examining smartwatches for kids in terms of cyber security and privacy
No full textAkıllı saat, içerisinde bulunan bileşen ve servislerle kullanıcının bileğine taktığı küçük bir bilgisayardır. Cep telefonuyla bağlantılı hareket eden bu cihaz, telefonun tüm kabiliyetleriyle donanabilmektedir. Akıllı saatler metropol kentlerinin dinamik yaşamında güvenilir bir yardımcı mı yoksa iyi niyetli görünen ve gönüllü olarak eşlik edilmesine izin verilen casus cihazlar mıdır? Bu çalışmada, özellikle akıllı çocuk saatlerinin gerek ekonomik erişilebilirlik gerek ürüne ulaşımdaki kolaylığın her geçen gün artması ile orantılı olarak yaygınlaşmasıyla yaşanan ve yaşanabilecek kişisel verilerin ve mahremiyetin ihlali üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ayrıca akıllı saatler üzerinde yapılan teknik incelemeler ile endişe verici sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında teknik incelemelere ayrıntılı olarak yer verilmekle birlikte olası güvenlik ve mahremiyet riskleri incelenmekte, önleyici unsurlar aktarılmakta ve konuya Türkiye perspektifinden yaklaşılarak güvenlik önerilerinde bulunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma aracılığıyla toplumsal siber güvenlik direncinin artırılması ve araştırmacılara IoT (Internet of Things-Nesnelerin İnterneti) cihazlarında tersine mühendislik çalışmaları için fikir verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.A smart watch is a small computer with components and services that the user wears on their wrist. This device, which is connected to a mobile phone, can be equipped with all the capabilities of the phone. Are smart watches a reliable assistant in the dynamic life of metropolitan cities or are they spy devices that look well-intentioned and are allowed to be accompanied voluntarily? In this study, the focus is on the violation of personal data and privacy that has been and may be experienced, especially with the widespread use of smartwatches for kids in proportion to the increasing economic accessibility and ease of access to the product day by day. In addition, technical studies on smart watches have yielded worrying results. Within the scope of the study, technical investigations are included in detail, possible security and privacy risks are examined, preventive elements are explained and security recommendations are made by approaching the issue from the perspective of Turkey. Through this study, it is aimed to increase social cyber security resilience and give researchers ideas for reverse engineering studies on IoT (Internet of Things) devices
Benidipinin HOMA ve BIRD aromatiklik endeksleri, NLO ve NBO özelliklerinin hesaplanması
No full textBenidipine hydrochloride, being the derivate of 1,4-dihydropyridine is a calcium channel blocker antihypertensive drug. The aromaticity, natural bond orbital (NBO) and Nonlinear Optical (NLO) parameters properties of Benidipine (BEN) and BENHCl compounds were theoretically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) electronic structure method. Among the values of common aromaticity indices, the Harmonic Oscillator Aromaticity Model (HOMA) and BIRD's (Aromaticity Index) for electronic delocalization show that the aromaticity of the nitrophenyl group is higher in BEN and BENHCl compounds, and also the aromaticity in the gas phase is higher than that in water, octanol and DMF phase. In compound BEN, it was observed that as the dielectric constant of the medium increased, the aromaticity difference increased slightly. In the compound BEN, the correlation coefficient between HOMA values and aromatic fluctuation index (FLU), para delocalization index (PDI) and para-linear response (PLR) for the nitrophenyl group is higher than that the phenyl group. Donor-acceptor transitions, stabilization energies, intramolecular charge transfer were determined by natural population analyses. NLO parameters such as dipole moment, polarisibility and first order hyperpolarizability values of the BEN and BENHCl compound were also studied.1,4-dihidropiridin'in türevi olan benidipin hidroklorür, bir kalsiyum kanal bloker antihipertansif ilaçtır. Benidipin (BEN) ve BENHCl bileşiklerinin aromatiklik, doğal bağ orbital (NBO) ve Doğrusal Olmayan Optik (NLO) parametrelerinin özellikleri, yoğunluk fonksiyonel teorisi (DFT) elektronik yapı yöntemi kullanılarak teorik olarak araştırıldı. Ortak aromatiklik indeksi değerlerinden Harmonik Osilatör Aromatiklik Modeli (HOMA) ve elektronik delokalizasyon için BIRD's (Aromatiklik İndeksi), BEN ve BENHCl bileşiklerinde nitrofenil grubunun aromatikliğinin daha yüksek olduğunu, ayrıca gaz fazındaki aromatik de su, oktanol ve DMF fazındakinden daha yüksektir. BEN bileşiğinde ortamın dielektrik sabiti arttıkça aromatiklik farkının bir miktar arttığı gözlendi. BEN bileşiğinde nitrofenil grubu için HOMA değerleri ile aromatik dalgalanma indeksi (FLU), para delokalizasyon indeksi (PDI) ve para-lineer yanıt (PLR) arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı fenil grubuna göre daha yüksektir. Donör-alıcı geçişleri, stabilizasyon enerjileri, molekül içi yük transferi ve doğal popülasyon analizleri ile belirlendi. BEN ve BENHCl bileşiğinin dipol momenti, polarizasyon ve birinci dereceden hiperpolarizasyon değerleri gibi NLO parametreleri de incelenmiştir