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ER Stress Amelioration by Saxagliptin Protects the Liver Against Fructose-induced Insulin Resistance
No full textWOS: 000538813800003PubMed: 32223915Background/Aim. the study is aimed to demonstrate whether saxagliptin treatment may reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative damage, and inflammation in the liver of fructose-induced insulin resistance (IR) rats. Material and Methods. Twenty-eight rats were divided as control, IR, saxagliptin treatment (ST) and IR+ST groups. IR caused by fructose (10%) administration for 10 weeks and, ST was administered for 15 d. the liver tissues were obtained from rats. ER stress markers were analyzed using Real-Time PCR. Oxidative stress was measured. the inflammation in the liver was detected by the streptavidin-biotin immunostaining method. Results. the values of total oxidant/antioxidant status were the same between control and IR rats. the numbers of IL-6, NF-kappa B and PPAR gamma immune(+) cells showed significant changes in the liver among four groups. the increased mRNA expression levels of ER stress and apoptosis markers as GRP78, PERK, IRE1 alpha, ATF-4 and -6, CHOP, Caspase-3, -8, -9 and -12 in IR reduced with ST. Conclusion. These findings indicate that saxagliptin treatment may ameliorate IR by reducing ER stress rather than inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver. (C) 2020 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc.Istanbul UniversityIstanbul University; Cerrahpasa; Demiroglu Bilim UniversityThe author thanks Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa and Demiroglu Bilim University for their supports
Comparison of the effects of intraoperative morphine, fentanyl or paracetamol administration on postoperative pain level and analgesic consumption in patients with synchronous intraoprative remifentanil infusion
No full textWOS: 000550988700010Objective: We aimed to compare the effects of morphine, fentanyl or paracetamol applied for anesthesia induction and at the end of the surgery for postoperative pain control and analgesic consumption in patients who have undergone pelvic and lower abdominal surgery. Material and Methods: Patients with the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score I-H and aged between 18-70 years were given intravenous remifentanil intraoperatively. Fentanyl was administered in doses of 1.5 mcg / kg during anesthesia induction and 10 min before the end of the surgery in fentanyl group, morphine was administered in doses of 0.1 mg / kg during induction and 0.5 mg/kg 30 min before the end of the surgery and paracetamol was administered in doses of 10 mg/kg during induction and 5 mg/kg 30 min before the end of the surgery Morphine was administered for patient-controlled analgesia. Results: the mean verbal pain scores of the paracetamol group were significantly higher when compared to the pain scores of the other groups at the 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 16 hours (p <0.01 , p = 0.02). Postoperative morphine consumption in the paracetamol group was significantly higher (p 0.02). Conclusion: the addition of intraoperative paracetamol to the remifentanil infusion, may not be sufficient in postoperative analgesia in gynecologic cancer surgery
C-Reactive Protein, Fibrinogen, Leptin, and Adiponectin Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
No full textElci, Erkan/0000-0002-9792-6592WOS: 000560988900001Background and Aim We aimed to compare the levels of clinical, biochemical, hormonal, and metabolic parameters as well as serum CRP, fibrinogen, leptin, and adiponectin in cases with PCOS and control group to investigate whether they play a role in the etiology of the syndrome. Materials and Methods the present study included a total of 90 subjects, 45 subjects were diagnosed with PCOS (n = 45) and 45 subjects served as control group (n = 45). Serum CRP, fibrinogen, leptin, and adiponectin levels were analyzed for each subject. Results Serum CRP, fibrinogen, and leptin were found to be higher (statistically significant) in the group with PCOS as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Serum Adiponectin was higher in the control group (statistically significantly) as compared with the patients in the PCOS group (p < 0.05). Conclusion CRP and fibrinogen (cardiac risk factor markers) increase in women with PCOS. the levels of leptin which affects metabolism increase, whereas the levels of adiponectin decrease
Simultaneous use of FDG-18 and Ga-68-citrate PET/CT for the differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis and malignant disease
No full textTetikkurt, Cuneyt/0000-0002-4122-2908WOS: 000587752100016PubMed: 32724228A 67-year-old male presented with cutaneous rash, lassitude and fatigue of three weeks. Personal history included psoriasis and sarcoidosis. Physical examination revealed macular rash on the anterior chest wall. Laboratory results were within normal limits. Chest X-ray showed normal findings. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated a mild obstructive pattern and a mild decrease in DLCO/VA. Thorax CT revealed two nodules in the right upper and middle lobe. Ga-68-citrate PET/CT did not demonstrate any active inflammatory reaction associated with sarcoidosis while F-18-FDG PET/CT revealed increased FDG uptake in the right middle lobe, upper division bronchus and in the left lower abdominal quadrant. Histopathologic examination of the colon biopsy was compatible with adenocarcinoma and bronchoscopic biopsy of the lung lesions revealed nonspecific granulomatous inflammation. BAL cytology was normal while BAL culture did not grow any pathologic organisms. Simultaneous use of F-18-FDG and Ga-68-citrate PET/CT was the hallmark for the final diagnosis in our patient. While FDG/PET has detected the pulmonary and colonic malignant foci in our patient, Ga-68-citrate PET/CT excluded the presence of active granulomatous inflammation of sarcoidosis. Simultaneous utility of these two imaging modalities in patients with sarcoidosis is of great importance in terms of guiding the clinician towards the accurate diagnostic pathway which is the hallmark for final diagnosis, especially in the presence of concomitant malignant disease
Single Center Experience on Screening Oncology Patients for Covid-19 Before Anti-Cancer Treatment
No full textWOS:000591659400003The most important factor in the transmission of the COVID-19 is asymptomatic carriers. We've tested all oncology patients , that receive anti-cancer therapy, for COVID-19. We aimed to determine the rate of asymptomatic carriers, and analyze the clinical and radiological findings of infected patients. Oncology patients who have indications of receiving anti-cancer treatment in the hospital were tested for COVID-19, two day prior to their treatment even if they were asymptomatic by collecting nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens for RT-PCR for viral RNA detection. Positive patients, underwent inspiratory phase of chest computed tomography examination. Infected patients were given the recommended treatment for COVID-19. PCR test was positive in 28 of 312 patients that we tested, and the positivity rate was 8.9%. Three patients (10.7%) had symptoms, 25 patients (89.3%) had no symptoms. Covid-19 testing before anti-cancer treatment may be recommended in order to continue their treatment without any problems and to prevent the risk of transmission due to the high rate of asymptomatics in infected patients
Antibody-depent Immunopathology, Monoclonal Antibodies and Mutations in COVID-19
No full textŞiddetli akut solunum sendromu ilişkili bir koronavirusun (SARS?CoV-2) etiyolojik etken olduğu koronavirus 19 hastalığı (COVID-19) pandemisi mevcut ve olası sonuçları ile tüm dünyayı etkisi altına al?mıştır. COVID-19 ile mücadelede ve SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonun ön?lenmesinde aşı dizaynı ve potansiyel terapötiklerin veya hedeflerin belirlenmesi önceliklidir. Viral enfeksiyonlara karşı oluşan hümoral immun yanıt patojenlerin temizlenmesi ve yeniden bulaşmadan korunmak icin kritik öneme sahiptir. Buna karşın özellikle düşük afiniteli antikorlar, antikor bağımlı alevlenme (ADE) olarak bilinen immün patolojilere neden olabilirler. ADE özellikle aşı tasarımı için önemli sıkıntılara neden olabilir. Nötralizan etkinliğe sahip insan monoklonal antikorları SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonunun tedavisinde alternatif bir seçenek oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonunun tedavisindeki terapotik monoklonal antikorları ta?nımlamaya yönelik araştırmalar halen devam etmektedir. Viral mu?tasyonların tanımlanması ve dinamiğinin anlaşılması salgının seyri ve kontrolü için kritik öneme sahiptir. RNA virüslerinin polimeraz enzimlerinin hata düzeltme aktivitesinin eksik olması nedeniyle SARS-CoV-2’nin de diğer RNA virüslerine benzer olarak mutasyon oranlarının DNA virüslerine göre daha yüksek olması beklenir. Buna karşın pandemi sürecinde meydana gelen viral mutasyonla?rın yönünü ve etkilerini öngörmek zordur. Bu derlemede ADE, mo?noklonal antikorlar ve mutasyonların COVID-19 pandemisi üzerine olası etkilerine yönelik bilimsel verilerin irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.The Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic which is the eti?ological agent of a severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has influenced the whole world with the current and possible results. In order to intervene on COVID-19 and to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection, a vaccine design and identi?fication of potential therapeutics and/or targets are a priority. The humoral immune responses to viral infections have critical impor?tance for the clearance of pathogens and also to protect from rein?fections. However, particularly low affinity antibodies can cause an immune pathology known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). ADE can cause important adversity especially for vaccine designs. Human monoclonal antibody with neutralizing activity is an alternative option in the treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. So, research is ongoing to identify therapeutic monoclonal anti?bodies in the treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Identification and understanding of the dynamics of viral mutations is of critical importance to the course and control of the outbreak. Due to the lack of error correction activity of RNA virus polymerases, similar to other RNA viruses of SARS-CoV-2 is expected to have higher muta?tion rates than DNA viruses. For all the direction and effects of viral mutations occurring during the pandemic are difficult to predict. This review aimed to examine scientific data about ADE, monoclo?nal antibodies and the possible effects of mutations on the course of the COVID-19 pandemic
Changes in radiotherapy practice during COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey: A report from the Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology
No full textOnal, Cem/0000-0002-2742-9021; Ozyigit, Gokhan/0000-0002-7497-4348PubMed: 32544607WOS:000629605200009[No Abstract Available
dolesan Yüzücülerde SkolyozPrevalansı ve Yüzmenin Adolesan İdiyopatik Skolyoz Üzerine Etkisi
No full textObjective: The patients are frequently referred to swimming for conservative follow-up and treatment of scoliosis. However, there are also studies reporting high scoliosis prevalence in swimmers. The aim of this study is to define the scoliosis incidence in adolescent swimmers and evaluate the effect of swimming on radiological parameters in swimmers with scoliosis. Material and Methods: The medical reports of the swimmers who have applied to sports medicine outpatient clinic in our institution for license renewal were retrospectively reviewed. The swimmers with positive Adam’s forward bending tests determined during physical examination were subjected to radiological evaluation and the whole spine was evaluated with anteroposterior and lateral orthoroentgenograms. The swimmers were demanded to continue swimming and called for follow up 1 year later. The swimmers with scoliosis who continued swimming and applied for follow-up one year later were evaluated radiologically. Results: Six hundred and seventy-nine swimmers were examined. Twenty eight (4.1%) swimmers, [11 male (39%), 17 female (61%); mean age 12.6 (min 10, max 17) years] with positive Adam’s bending test were further evaluated radiologically. These swimmers were called for follow up 1 year later. Seventeen swimmers who continued swimming and applied for follow up were evaluated radiologically. Sagittal and coronal plan parameters of the spine were measured on the first and the second radiographs. These parameters were compared statistically. There was no statistically significant difference among proximal thoracic, main thoracic, main lumbar curves and thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis degrees on the first and the follow-up radiographs of the athletes who continued swimming. Conclusions: Swimming was found to have no effect on spinal sagittal plane parameters in swimmers with scoliosis. Moreover we found that it has not provided any improvement or stability also in the coronal plane deformity after 1 year follow up. According to our results, it may be concluded that swimming is not effective in the conservative treatment of scoliosis.Amaç: Yüzme skolyozun konservatif takip ve tedavisinde hastaların sıklıkla yönlendirildiği bir spor dalıdır. Bununla birlikte yüzücülerde de skolyoz prevelansını yüksek bildiren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada yüzücülerde adolesan idiyopatik skolyoz prevalansının saptanması, bu yüzücülerin takip edilerek radyolojik sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemiz spor hekimliği polikliniğine lisans yenileme nedeniyle başvuran yüzücülerin verileri geriye dönük olarak tarandı. Fizik muayenede Adam’s öne eğilme testi pozitif olarak saptanan hastalar radyolojik değerlendirmeye tabi tutuldu ve tüm omurga 2 yönlü ortoröntgenogram grafikleri ile değerlendirildi. Skolyoz tespit edilen sporcuların yüzme sporuna devam etmesi istenerek bir yıl sonra kontrole çağrıldı ve radyolojik olarak tekrar değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Altı yüz yetmiş dokuz sporcunun verilerine ulaşıldı. Adam’s öne eğilme testi pozitif tespit edilen 28 (%0.4) hastanın [(11 erkek (%39), 17 kadın (%61); ortalama yaş 12.6 (minimum 10, maximum 17) yıl] tüm omurga 2 yönlü grafikleri değerlendirildi. Bu sporcuların yüzmeye devam etmesi istenerek 1 yıl sonra kontrole çağrıldı. Yüzmeye devam eden ve takipten çıkmayan 17 sporcu radyolojik olarak değerlendirildi. İlk ve takip radyografilerinde omurga sagittal ve koronal plan parametreleri ölçüldü. Bu parametreler istatiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. İlk çekilen grafiklerinde ölçülen proksimal torasik, ana torasik eğrilik, ana lomber eğrilik ve torasik kifoz dereceleri ile bu parametrelerin takip grafiklerindeki dereceleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış tespit edildi (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 ve p<0.001 p=0.006) . Bununla birlikte ilk çekilen grafiklerde ölçülen lomber lordoz dereceleri ile takip grafiklerinde ölçülen dereceler arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (p=0.118). Sonuç: Adolesan yüzücülerde skolyoz prevalansı %0.4 olarak tespit edildi. Yüzmenin 1 yıllık takip sonunda skolyozu olan yüzücülerde sagittal plana etkisinin olmadığı; bununla birlikte koronal planda da herhangi bir iyileşme veya sabit kalma sağlamadığı tespit edildi. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre yüzmenin skolyozun konservatif tedavisinde etkili olmadığını söyleyebiliriz
Effects of microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees on self-reported mobility, quality of life, and psychological states in patients with transfemoral amputations
No full textObjective: This study aimed to determine the effects of the microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee (MPK) joint on self-mobility, body perceptions, depression, and quality of life in patients with unilateral transfemoral amputations (TFAs). Methods: Thirty consecutive patients (28 males, mean age=38.5 years, age range=22-57) who had previously used non-MPKs and who were approved to use swing and stance phase-control MPKs were included in this 12-week clinical study. Before the MPK use and after the three-month follow-up, prosthetic use and locomotor capabilities were evaluated using the Houghton Scale and the Locomotor Capabilities Index (LCI-5), respectively. Body perception was assessed using the Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS). The depressive symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score and the 36-Item Short- Form Health Survey (SF-36), respectively. Results: After MPK use, statistically significant ameliorations were observed in all outcome measures. The basic and advanced LCI-5 increased from 26.7±2.2 and 24.8±5.2 to 27.6±1.2 (p=0.007) and 27±2.1 (p=0.004), respectively. Houghton scores improved from 9±1 to 10.3±0.8 (p=0.000). The ABIS and BDI scores decreased from 43.2±10.9 and 5.7±6.6 to 37.1±8.9 (p=0.000) and 3.8±4.5 (p=0.015), respectively. Also, the SF-36 physical function and vitality subscales increased from 71.2±24.0 and 75.5±14.6 to 85.6±16.6 (p=0.001) and 81.7±14.1 (p=0.015), respectively. Conclusion: MPK use provides significant improvements in the locomotor capabilities, quality of life, and activities of daily living to patients with TFAs as well as improves their body image perceptions and depressive symptoms. Level of Evidence: Level III, Self controlled stud
The effects of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose in Turkish cardiac patients
No full textKaraalp, Atila/0000-0003-3382-9483PubMed: 32583677WOS:000614216900012Aim: Our aim was to examine the effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms on warfarin dose requirements in Turkish patients. Materials & methods: 24 warfarin prescribed patients were included and analyzed for eight VKORC1 and 6 CYP2C9 polymorphisms in the study. Results: Patients with CYP2C9 *1/*1 and VKORC1 -1639 GG and GA genotypes required higher warfarin doses in comparison to wild type VKORC1 genotype. Patients with CYP2C9 *1/*3 and VKORC1 -1639 GG genotypes simultaneously, required the lowest dose of warfarin (4.64 mg/day). Patients with CYP2C9 *1/*1 and VKORC1 9041 AA genotype were found to require higher warfarin doses. Conclusion: Our results provide additional evidence to support the hypothesis that CYP2C9 *2, *3, VKORC1 9041 G > A polymorphisms explain considerable proportion of inter-individual variability in warfarin dose requirement.Istanbul Development AgencyTurkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkinma Bakanligi [TR10/16/YNY/0030]This study was supported by Istanbul Development Agency, Project No. TR10/16/YNY/0030. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed