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A Novel Expression Profile of Cell Cycle and DNA Repair Proteins in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
No full textTanriover, Necmettin/0000-0001-7628-9443; Kadioglu, Pinar/0000-0002-8329-140X; comunoglu, nil/0000-0002-2319-1757WOS: 000519375300002PubMed: 31828584The molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs) are largely unknown. in this study, we aimed to understand the relationship between NFAs and functional pituitary adenomas and the possible role of proteins involved in cell cycle, senescence, and DNA damage control mechanisms in the etiology of NFA. We analyzed pATM-S1981, pRb-S608, Rb, pE2F1-S364, p16, E2F1, p73, cyclin D1, and CHEK2 protein expression (in a group of 20 patients with acromegaly, 18 patients with Cushing's disease (CD), and 29 NFA patients) by immunohistochemistry and their relevant mRNA expression by qRT-PCR (in a group of 7 patients with acromegaly, 7 patients with CD, and 7 NFA patients). the clinical and histopathological results on the patients were statistically evaluated. pE2F1-S364 protein expression in the CD group was significantly lower than that in the NFA and acromegaly groups (p = 0.025, p = 0.034, respectively). However, the expression of the p16 protein was lower than in the NFA group than in the CD and acromegaly groups (p = 0.030, p = 0.033, respectively), and E2F1 protein expression was significantly higher in the NFA group than in the CD group (p = 0.025). p73 protein expression in patients with acromegaly was significantly higher (p = 0.031) than that in the CD group. CHEK2 mRNA expression in the CD group was significantly higher than that in the acromegaly group (p = 0.012). the selective and tumor-specific associations between E2F1, pE2F1-S364, CHEK2, and p73 mRNA and protein levels indicate their involvement in pituitary adenoma formation in NFA, CD, and acromegaly patients.Research Fund of the Istanbul UniversityIstanbul University [2017-25404] Funding Source: Medlin
Identification of candidate biomarkers and pathways in breast cancer by differential network analysis
No full textKarahoca, Adem/0000-0003-4654-6351WOS:000630901200004Breast cancer is one of the most malignant cancers in women worldwide. The aim of the present study was to explore the underlying biological mechanisms of breast cancer. For this purpose, we propose a novel framework to reveal mechanisms that drive disease progression in breast cancer by combining prior knowledge in the literature with differential networking methodology. Our integration framework has resulted in the most important genes and interactions by allowing ranking the breast cancer-specific gene network. YY1, SMARCA5, FOXM1, STAT4 and PTTG1 were found to be the most important genes in breast cancer. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses identified numerous pathways that may play a critical role in disease progression. Considering the success of the comparison of the results with the literature, the systemic lupus erythematosus pathway may be a potential target of breast cancer
The COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical information for ophthalmologists
No full textPubMed: 323660612-s2.0-85084277002[No abstract available
Factors Affecting Inadequate Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy and the Clinical Course of Upper Urinary Tract Infections in Elderly Patients: A Multicenter Study
No full textISIK, MEHMET EMIRHAN/0000-0002-0699-8890; Okay, Gulay/0000-0003-1616-2162;WOS:000591513500005Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors associated with inadequate empirical antibiotherapy (IEAT) and hospital-related mortality in elderly patients being treated for upper urinary tract infections (UTI). Materials and Methods: This study included individuals aged 65 years and over who were hospitalized after being diagnosed of community-acquired UTI or community-onset healthcare-associated UTI and followed-up in clinics and/or intensive care units (ICU) of 33 hospitals between March and September 2017. Results: A total of 525 patients (48% males; mean age: 76.46 +/- 7.93 years) were included in the study. Overall, 68.2% of the patients were hospitalized through the emergency department and 73.9% of patients were followed-up for pyelonephritis. Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative and positive mix growths were determined in 88%, 9.3%, and 2.7% of urine cultures, respectively. Fifty-six (10.7%) of the patients died. In multivariate analysis, the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [Odds ratio (OR): 2.278], age 85 years and over (OR: 2.816), admission to the ICU (OR: 14.831), and IEAT (OR: 2.364) were independent factors that significantly affected mortality. The presence of a urinary catheter, being followed-up in the ICU, benign prostate hypertrophy, use of antibiotics other than piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenem were determined as independent factors that significantly affected IEAT (p<0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we found a direct correlation between IEAT and mortality. Therefore, knowing the most frequent microorganisms and antibiotic susceptibility profiles observed in the UTI of elderly patients may help to decrease the mortality and morbidity associated with these infections.Infect Dis & Clin Microbil Special Soc Turkiy
Diagnostic utility of 68Ga- citrate and 18F-FDG PET/CT in sarcoidosis patients
No full textPubMed: 333727402-s2.0-85099115788Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. The disease most commonly involves the lungs and the mediastinal lymph nodes while extrapulmonary organs such as the skin, eye, liver or spleen may also be comprised. Many imaging modalities have been used for the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis patients, but all have been found to have certain drawbacks for a reliable diagnostic assessment due to the equivocal diagnostic results. This study was designed to determine the clinical trenchancy of simultaneous 68Ga-citrate PET/CT [Positron emission tomography with 68Ga-cit-rate (68Ga-citrate PET/CT)] and 18F-FDG PET/CT [Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG PET/CT)] imaging in sarcoidosis patients. The main goal was to evaluate sarcoidosis patients with respect to diagnosis, disease activity and organ involvement. A total of eight sarcoidosis patients with a comorbid disease suspicion were included in the study. Conventional clinical parameters used for the diagnosis and the activity of sarcoidosis including clinical, laboratory and computed tomography (CT) manifestations were compared with the 68Ga-cit-rate PET/CT findings. Concurrent 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed to verify the granulomatous inflammation of sarcoidosis and to determine coexisting malignant or other inflammatory diseases. Our study results revealed that 68Ga-citrate PET/CT imaging appears to be highly useful for the diagnosis, activity assessment and extrapulmonary organ involvement in sarcoidosis. Another crucial finding was the detection of extrapulmonary organ disease that are exceptionally involved, almost inaccessible by biopsy and that could not be otherwise displayed by other conventional imaging modalities. The third hallmark was the identification of a clinically asymptomatic and occult malignancy accompanying sarcoidosis that would not be detected in any way if synchronous 18F-FDG PET/CT had not been performed. Simultaneous application of 68Ga-citrate and 18F-FDG PET/CT may provide extremely useful data for the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis patients in terms of the primary disease diagnosis, activity state, extrapulmonary organ involvement unachievable for biopsy and revealing occult malignant disorders that may coexist with sarcoidosis. © Copyright: the Author(s), 202
Beneficial effects of ambroxol hydrochloride on pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsion model in rats
No full textIn present experimental study, we purposed to research if ambroxol would have beneficial acute effects on PTZ-induced convulsions by EEG records. 48 rats were ran?domly divided into two groups; group A for EEG recordings and B for behavioral evaluations. Groups A and B determined as; Group A1 and B1 control, Group A2 and B2 saline, Group A3 and B3 10 mg / kg ambroxol and Group A4 and B4 20 mg / kg ambroxol group. Drugs were given intraperitoneally 30 minutes before pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) administration. While 35 mg / kg PTZ was used for EEG recordings and 70 mg / kg PTZ was used for behavioral evaluations. Racine Convulsion Scale (RCS) and "first myoclonic jerk" (FMJ) times were used for the seizure evaluations. Racine’s convulsion scale was significantly lower in control group compared PTZ (70 mg/kg) and saline group (p < 0.001). It was lower in ambroxol hydrochloride group compared with PTZ (70 mg/kg) and saline group (70 mg/kg). FMJ onset time was signifi?cantly shorter in ambroxol hydrochloride group compared with PTZ (70 mg/kg) and saline group. Spike percentage EEG recordings were significantly lower in ambroxol hydrochloride group compared with PTZ (70 mg/kg) and saline group (70 mg/kg). The statistical significance increased based on the administration doses of ambroxol hydrochloride. Ambroxol hydrochloride has a positive effect on PTZ-induced convulsions, but by more detailed further experimental and clinical studies, involving ad?vanced biochemical measurements, are needed to understand the exact mechanism of action
Utilization of statins and LDL-cholesterol target attainment in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes - a nationwide cross-sectional study (TEMD dyslipidemia study)
No full textBackground: Attaining acceptable levels of LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly improves cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The LDL-C target attainment and the characteristics of patients attaining these targets were investigated in this study. Furthermore, the reasons for not choosing statins and the physicians’ attitudes on the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia were also examined. Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional survey was conducted in tertiary centers for diabetes management. Adult patients with T2DM, who were under follow-up for at least a year in outpatient clinics, were consecutively enrolled for the study. LDL-C goals were defined as below 70 mg/dL for patients with macrovascular complications or diabetic nephropathy, and below 100 mg/dL for other patients. Data about lipid-lowering medications were self-reported. Results: A total of 4504 patients (female: 58.6%) were enrolled for the study. The mean HbA1c and diabetes duration was 7.73 ± 1.74% and 10.9 ± 7.5 years, respectively. The need for statin treatment was 94.9% (n = 4262); however, only 42.4% (n = 1807) of these patients were under treatment, and only 24.8% (n = 448) of these patients achieved LDL-C targets. The main reason for statin discontinuation was negative media coverage (87.5%), while only a minority of patients (12.5%) mentioned side effects. Physicians initiated lipid-lowering therapy in only 20.3% of patients with high LDL-C levels. It was observed that the female gender was a significant independent predictor of not attaining LDL-C goals (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.83). Conclusions: Less than 50 % of patients with T2DM who need statins were under treatment, and only a quarter of them attained their LDL-C targets. There exists a significant gap between the guideline recommendations and the real-world evidence in the treatment of dyslipidemia in T2DM. © 2020, The Author(s).Ankara UniversitesiThe physicians and nurses in every TEMD study center who took role in recruitment of patients are acknowledged as the collaborators of TEMD Dyslipidemia Study (see supplementary data). The authors also appreciatively acknowledge the critical reviews and contributions of Professor Meral Kayikcioglu and Professor Ilker Tasci during the preparation of the manuscript. Consortium members and affiliations TEMD Study Group: Sibel Guldiken19, Semra Ayturk19, Murat Yilmaz20, Mehmet Asik21, Nevin Dinccag18, Ramazan Cakmak18, Fulya Turker18, Cemile Idiz18, Hulya Hacisahinogullari18, Elif Bagdemir18, Busra Yildiz18, Ozlem Haliloglu16, Seda Sancak22, Levent Ozsari23, Eylem Cagiltay23, Oguzhan Deyneli24, Eren Imre24, Sait Gonen25, S Nur Boysan19, Yuksel Altuntas26, Feyza Yener Ozturk26, Meral Mert27, Hamide Piskinpasa27, Hasan Aydin28, Sazi Imamoglu29, Ozen Oz Gul25, Sinem Kucuksarac Kiyici30, Berrin Cetinarslan31, Alev Selek31, Teoman Dogru32, Ali Kirik32, Belgin Efe14, Ahmet Kaya33, Ilker Cordan33, Suleyman Baldane34, Cem Onur Kirac34, Zehra Capa3, Mustafa Cesur35, Ilhan Yetkin36, Demet Corapcioglu37, Sule Canlar37, Okan Bulent Yildiz38, Suleyman Nahit Sendur38, Bekir Cakir9, Ahmet Corakci39, Mustafa Kutlu40, Neslihan Bascil Tutuncu41, Yusuf Bozkus41, Erman Cakal42, Berrin Demirbas43, Sibel Ertek44, Mustafa Altay45, Murat Dagdeviren45, Amir Hossein Abedi1, Sevki Cetinkalp46, Hatice Ozisik46, Guzide Gonca Oruk47, Serkan Yener48, Basak Ozgen Saydam48, Engin Guney49, Mustafa Unubol49, Guzin Fidan Yaylali50, Senay Topsakal50, Zeliha Hekimsoy51, Gulhan Akbaba52, Ibrahim Aslan53, Sefika Dalkiran13, Esen Akbay54, Kamile Gul55, Muge Ozsan Yilmaz6, Emre Bozkirli56, Seher Cetinkaya Altuntas12, Aysegul Atmaca57, Elif Tutku Durmu?57, Turkan Mete58, Faruk Kutluturk59, Ferit Kerim Kucukler60, Oguz Dikbas61, Safak Akin62, Irfan Nuhoglu63, Halil Onder Ersoz63, Taner Bayraktaroglu64, P?nar Sisman65, Ibrahim Sahin66, Sedat Cetin66, Ilyas Capoglu67, Emin Murat Akbas67, R?fk? Ucler68, Mehmet Ali Eren4, Alpaslan Kemal Tuzcu69, Zafer Pekkolay69, Mesut Ozkaya70, Mustafa Araz71.19Trakya University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.20Corlu REYAP Private Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.21Canakkale 18 March University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.22University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.23University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sultanabdulhamit Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.24Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.25Istanbul Science University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.26University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.27University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, ?stanbul Bak?rkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.28Yeditepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.29Private Office.30University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Bursa Sevket Y?lmaz Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.31Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.32Balikesir University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Turkey.33Necmettin Erbakan University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.34Selcuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.35Private Guven Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.36Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.37Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.38Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.39Ufuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.40Private Bay?nd?r Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.41Baskent University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.42University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.43TOBB University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.44Private Memorial Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.45University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.46Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.47University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.48Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.49Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.50Pamukkale University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.51Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.52Mugla University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.53University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.54Mersin University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.55Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.56Baskent University, Adana Training Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.5719 May?s University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.58University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.59Gaziosmanpasa University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.60Hitit University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.61Giresun University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.62Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.63Karadeniz Technical University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.64Bulent Ecevit University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.65Kars Harakani State Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.66Inonu University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.67Erzincan University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.68Yuzuncu Yil University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.69Dicle University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey.70University of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gaziantep Ersin Arslan Research and Training Hospital, Turkey.71Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey
Anticonvulsant Effect of Oxolamine Citrate in Pentylenetetrazole Induced Experimental Epilepsy Model in Rats
No full textAmaç: Dünya çapında milyonlarca kişi epilepsi hastasıolarak sorun yaşamaktadır ve hastaların %25'inde şu andamevcut bulunan antiepileptik ilaçlara karşı dirençli nöbetlergözlenmektedir. Bu nedenlerle, halen etkili ve tolere edilebilendaha fazla sayıda antiepileptik ilaca ihtiyaç duyulmaya devamedilmektedir. Oksolamin sitrat, pre-klinik verilere dayanarakantiepileptik aktiviteye sahip olabilen yaygın bir antitussifilaçtır.Materyal-Metot: Sıçanlar randomize bir şekildeintraperitoneal (i.p.) Oksolamin ile iki farklı dozda veplasebo şeklinde tedavi edildi ve daha sonrasında güçlübir nöbet indükleyici bileşik olan pentilentetrazole (PTZ)i.p. olarak maruz bırakıldı. Oksolaminin epilepsi için sıçanmodelimizde antiepileptik özelliklere sahip olup olmadığınıbelirlemede sıçanların hemen sonrasındaki nöbet aktivitesielektroensefalografi (EEG), Racine'nin konvülsiyonölçeği (RCS) ve ilk miyoklonik jerk (TFMJ) zamanı iledeğerlendirildi.Bulgular: Plasebo ile karşılaştırıldığında, her iki dozdaOksolamin, nöbet aktivitesini önemli ölçüde inhibe etti.Ortalama EEG spike dalga yüzdesi % 75,3'ten (plasebo)% 35,8'e (düşük doz, p<0,01) ve %28,6'ya (yüksek doz,p<0,0001) azaldı. RCS, ortalama 5,7'den (plasebo) 4,7'ye(düşük doz, p<0.001) ve 3,3'e (yüksek doz, p<0,0001) düştü.TFMJ ortalama 62,5s'den (plasebo), 177,5s'ye (düşük doz,p<0,001) ve 223,3s'ye (yüksek doz, p<0,0001) yükseldi.Sonuç: Yaygın bir antitussif ilaç olan Oksolamin sitrat,PTZ ile indüklenen status epileptikus sıçan modelinde nöbetaktivitesini baskılamaktadır. Refrakter epilepsi için devameden etkili yeni tedaviler bulma gereksinimi göz önünealındığında, oksolaminin antiepileptik olarak kullanılmaolasılığı daha ileri düzeyde araştırılmalıdır.Objective: Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from epilepsy, and up to 25% of patients have seizures that are resistant to currently available antiepileptic drugs. Hence, there continues to be a need for more seizure medications that are effective yet tolerable. Oxolamine citrate is an established antitussive drug that, based on preclinical data, may also have antiepileptic activity. Material-Method: We treated rats with either intraperitoneal (i.p.) Oxolamine citrate at two different doses or placebo in randomized fashion and then exposed them to i.p. pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), a potent seizure-inducing compound. We measured the rats’ subsequent seizure activity with electroencephalography (EEG), Racine’s convulsion scale (RCS) and time to first myoclonic jerk (TFMJ) to determine whether Oxolamine citrate has antiepileptic properties in our rat model for epilepsy. Results: When compared to placebo, Oxolamine at both doses significantly suppressed seizure activity. Mean EEG spike wave percentage score decreased from 75.3% (placebo) to 35.8% (lower dose, p<0.01) and 28.6% (higher dose, p<0.0001). RCS decreased from a mean of 5.7 (placebo) to 4.7 (lower dose, p<0.001) and 3.3 (higher dose, p<0.0001). TFMJ had increased from a mean of 62.5 s (placebo), to 177.5 s (lower dose, p<0.001) and 223.3 s (higher dose, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Oxolamine citrate, a common antitussive drug, suppresses seizure activity in rats with PTZ-induced status epilepticus. Given the ongoing need to find effective therapies for refractory epilepsy, the possibility of using oxolamine as an antiepileptic should be further explored
Neurogenic heterotopic ossification in Guillain-Barre syndrome: a rare case report
No full textNeurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is an abnormal development of bone in extra-skeletal tissues, related to neurological disease. NHO is frequently seen after traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury. NHO may also occur as a rare complication of Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). Here, we present a 39 year old man with an acute onset of GBS who developed NHO around both hips two months after the disease onset. Our patient had a history of mechanical ventilation, incomplete tetraplegia and prolonged immobilisation. The pathogenesis of NHO is unclear. Various risk factors have been associated with the development of NHO; prolonged coma, long-term sedation, spasticity, degree of paralysis. NHO is a rare complication of GBS and physicians should be aware that it can develop especially in patients with severe paralysis and in need of mechanical ventilation. Pain and restriction of movements, especially in the hips, should bring NHO to the mind
The Role of Ankaferd Blood Stopper and Oxytocin as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Endometriosis: A Rat Model
No full textWOS: 000549619600020PubMed: 32681259To evaluate the potential effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) and oxytocin (OT) in an experimental endometriosis model, 18 female Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. the animals were divided randomly into three groups after surgical induction of endometriosis: group 1: control group (isotonic NaCl, 1 mL/kg/day, intramuscular,n=6); group 2: OT group (OT, 80 U/kg/day, intramuscular,n=6); group 3: ABS group (ABS, 1.5 mL/kg/day, intraperitoneal,n=6). Each group was treated for four weeks (two times per week). Volumes of endometriotic explants were measured in biopsy samples for histopathological analysis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) levels were measured in plasma and peritoneal fluid. Endometriotic explant volumes were significantly decreased after OT administration (P<0.0001). the epithelial score was significantly decreased in both treatment groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). TUNEL immunohistochemistry showed more apoptotic changes in the endometriosis foci (gland epithelium and surrounding tissue) in the OT group than in the control group (P<0.05). the levels of VEGF, MCP-1, and TNF-alpha were significantly reduced in the OT group (P<0.05), whereas no significant changes in protein levels were found in the ABS-applied group. the results indicate that OT has greater potential as a therapeutic agent in experimentally induced peritoneal endometriosis, where ABS, which is a VEGF modulator, appears to act through different mechanisms to show its palliative effects on a rat model of peritoneal endometriosis