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The effect of chewing gum on dry mouth, interdialytic weight gain, and intradialytic symptoms: A prospective, randomized controlled trial
No full textIntroduction: The major salivary glands can be stimulated by chewing gum to increase saliva flow and decrease xerostomia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chewing gum on dry mouth, interdialytic weight gain, and intradialytic symptoms in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled single-blind study was conducted with patients who had been treated for at least 6 months with sessions 3 days a week for 4 hours at two HD units. Patients were randomly allocated to chewing gum group or the control group. In the chewing gum group, gum was chewed for 10 minutes six times a day, and when the patients felt mouth dryness or were thirsty. In the nonchewing gum group, gum was not chewed. The patients were followed-up for 3 months. A total of three saliva samples were taken before starting treatment at the first, 12th, and 36th HD session. Data were collected with the “Visual Analogue Scale (VAS),” “Hemodialysis Patients Fluid Control Scale,” “Dialysis Symptom Index,” and “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” at baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12. Findings: The study was completed with a total of 44 patients consisting of 22 patients in the each group. The second and third month VAS values (xerostomia) of the patients in the chewing gum groups were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group (P = 0.014, P < 0.001, respectively). The third month salivary flow rate in the chewing gum group was higher than the values in the control group patients (P < 0.001). Discussion: It is anticipated that this study will raise nurses' awareness of dry mouth and encourage future studies on interventions to increase the salivary flow rate to prevent or treat dry mouth. © 2020 International Society for Hemodialysi
Agmatine has beneficial effect on harmaline-induced essential tremor in rat
No full textGULLU, MEHMET KEMAL/0000-0003-2310-2985PubMed: 33838255WOS:000640235000001Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most prevalent movement disorders and the most common cause of abnormal tremors. However, it cannot be treated efficiently with the currently available pharmacotherapy options. The pathophysiology of harmaline-induced tremor, most commonly used model of ET, involves various neurotransmitter systems including glutamate as well as ion channels. Agmatine, an endogenous neuromodulator, interacts with various glutamate receptor subtypes and ion channels, which have been associated with its? beneficial effects on several neurological disorders. The current study aims to assess the effect of agmatine on the harmaline model of ET. Two separate groups of male rats were injected either with saline or agmatine (40 mg/ kg) 30 min prior to single intraperitoneal injection of harmaline (20 mg/kg). The percent duration, intensity and frequency of tremor and locomotor activity were evaluated by a custom-built tremor and locomotion analysis system. Pretreatment with agmatine reduced the percent tremor duration and intensity of tremor induced by harmaline, without affecting the tremor frequency. However, it did not affect the decreased spontaneous locomotor activity due to harmaline. This pattern of ameliorating effects of agmatine on harmaline-induced tremor provide the first evidence for being considered as a treatment option for ET.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli University [KOU BAP 2018/104 HD]This research was supported by grants from the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli University (Project number: KOU BAP 2018/104 HD)
The effects of acute hypoxia on audition: An experimental study
No full textPubMed: 33623866WOS:000619599000001OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a health problem that has increasing importance in society. In the literature, many studies about an audition in patients with OSAS are present. In this study, the effects of hypoxia on an audition that develop during the apnea attacks in OSAS were investigated experimentally. METHODS: This study was conducted in Inonu University Audiology Laboratory after the approval of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Experimental Animal Research Ethics Committee (Protocol Number: 2011/A-102). In this study, 15 Wistar albino rats with a weight of 250-300 g were used. Anesthesia was performed by 40 mg/kg Ketamine and 5 mg/kg Xylazine through intramuscular administration. The processes were applied in the silence. This study involved 15 rats with normal auditory functions. Only tracheotomy was performed in the control group. Auditory assays were administered with otoacoustic emission (DP gram) before and after the process. In hypoxia group, hypoxia was created by making apnea attacks that lasted at least 10 seconds after the tracheotomy process. Auditory assays using DP gram were performed before tracheotomy and during hypoxia in the hypoxia group. RESULTS: In the control group, statistically significant values were not found. In the hypoxia group, statistically significant differences were detected in high frequencies. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, cochlear reply decreased in high frequencies during hypoxia that was created by apnea attacks
The comparison of pancreatic and hepatic steatosis in healthy liver donor candidates
No full textPubMed: 33627704WOS:000626812400024The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and pancreatic steatosis (PS) in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. 228 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD patients who admitted to the Faculty of Medicine of Demiroglu Bilim University between 2004 and 2019 were included in the study. Demographic, laboratory, histological and radiological findings of the patients were recorded retrospectively. Hepatosteatosis (HS) levels were measured by both CT and biopsy, while PS levels were measured by 3 different CT-based techniques. 89 (39%) of the patients were female and 139 (61%) were male. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.2 +/- 4.0. Biochemical parameters were within normal limits. Liver biopsy showed a significant correlation with HS grade on CT scan (p0.05). Our study was the first to compare biopsy-proven NAFLD and PS, and no correlation was found between biopsy-proven NAFLD and PS
Vascular responses disrupted by fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia improved with delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol
No full textObjectives: In recent years, cannabinoids have been shown to have beneficial effects on diabetic vascular complications. Vascular complications due to fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia (HI) and diabetic vascular complications havesimilar mechanisms. The aim of this experimental study was to observe whether the cannabinoid agonist delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has an ameliorating effect on fructose-induced HI and vascular responses in the aortic ringof rats with HI.Methods: A total of 24 rats were categorized into 4 groups: control (standard food pellets and water), HI (water containing 10% fructose provided for 12 weeks), THC (1.5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal administration for 4 weeks), and THC+HI.Body weight was measured again on the last day of the study and the serum insulin level was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The acetylcholine (ACh) maximum relaxant effect in aortic rings pre-contractedwith noradrenaline (NA) was evaluated.Results: The body weight of THC and THC+HI groups was lower compared with that of the controls (p<0.01). Increasedinsulin level as a result of fructose consumption decreased with THC administration (p<0.01) while the glucose levelincreased in all other groups compared with the control group (p<0.01, p<0.05). The NA Emax value decreased in thegroup receiving THC treatment (p<0.01). The increased ACh pD2 value in the HI groups also decreased in the THCtreatment group (p<0.0001). The decreased maximum inhibition value in the HI group increased significantly with THCadministration (p<0.001).Conclusion: THC demonstrated beneficial effects on fructose-induced HI. THC improved ACh-induced endothelialdependent relaxation in HI rat aortic ring
The effects of vitamin D replacement on pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NAC)
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Retrospective analysis of autologous stem cell transplantation outcomes in multiple myeloma patients with renal insufficiency
No full textAim: The most seen complication of multiple myeloma (MM) is renal insufficiency (RI). Although MM is known as one of the causes of reversible end-stage renal disease, these patients are usually not suitable for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We aimed in this study to reveal the clinical course of MM patients with renal insufficiency that underwent ASCT.Materials and Methods: We included 25 MM patients with RI who has undergone ASCT in this study. Creatinine levels more than 2 mg/dL was defined as renal insufficiency at the time of diagnosis. For survival analysis, we included patients with a minimum 100 days post-transplantation follow-up.Results: Median age was 56.6±7.9 (42-65) years. Melphalan was given 140 mg/m2. Nine patients (36%) required dialysis at the time of diagnosis. Six patients became dialysis-free with induction therapy. After ASCT, none of the patients needed dialysis. Cox regression analysis showed a significant increase in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) times compared to patients with very good partial response in patients with complete response on the 100th day of ASCT (for DFS; 15.7 months vs 63.7 months, p=0.009 and for OS; 37.9 months vs 97.3 months p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: There are studies showing that ASCT performed with reduced dose of melphalan is a renal protective and effective method in patients with renal impairment. Our study confirms this thesis, as well as emphasizing the significant effect of CR on DFS and OS on the 100th day after transplantation in these patients
Polikistik Böbrek Hastalığında Böbrek Kisti Absesi
No full textKeywords: Abscess, renal cyst, polycystic kidney disease.Anahtar Kelimeler: Abse,renal kist,polikistik böbrek hastalığ
Turkish Validation and Reliability of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 Quality of Life Scale for Colorectal Cancer
No full textBackground: This study aims to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Colorectal Cancer Scale, and to evaluate the relationship between the factors affecting the quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: 117 patients diagnosed with CRC and treated at the Training and Research Hospital were included. A Personal Information Form, questionnaires on the Quality of Life in Cancer Patients, Quality of Life in Patients with CRC, and the Adaptation Scale for Individuals with Ostomy were used. Results: The validity and reliability of the KKHYK scale were found significant (P < .05). From the demographic data of the patients, the differences between 3 sub-dimensions, grouping according to gender, and 2 sub-dimensions were statistically significant. In the characteristics related to the disease, the differences between the groups were significant; for one for the diagnosis time of the disease, 2 dimensions in the adaptation parameter (P <.05). Conclusion: The Turkish version of the scale is a measurement tool with validity and reliability indicators to measure the quality of life of patients with CRC. It was concluded that patients did not have sufficient knowledge about their disease, and that this increased the burden of nursing care
