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Effect of fulvic acid on gastric mucosa damage caused by chronic water avoidance stress
No full textWe investigated the antioxidant and anti-ulcerogenic effects of fulvic acid (FA) on oxidative damage caused by water avoidance stress (WAS) in rat gastrointestinal mucosa. Three experimental groups were established: control (C), chronic stress (CS), and chronic stress + FA (CS + FA). After WAS, a single dose of FA was administered for 10 days to the CS + FA group. Samples of the pyloric region of the stomach were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Immunohistochemical staining was performed for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) levels were measured biochemically. By light microscopy, we observed loss of gastric epithelial cells and greater polymorphonuclear cell migration into the mucosa in the CS group compared to the C group. We found intact epithelial cell structure and a thick superficial mucus layer in the CS + FA group compared to the CS group. These findings in the CS + FA group were similar to those for group C. iNOS staining was stronger in the CS group compared to the C group. TOS and OSI levels in the CS + FA group were decreased compared to the CS group, but TAS, SOD, GPx and CAT levels were increased. We found that WAS caused damage to epithelium and connective tissue of the stomach mucosa and that this damage was prevented by FA. Therefore, administration of FA appears to prevent stress induced damage to rat stomach.Istanbul Bilim University Scientific Research Projects Commission (IBAPKO)Demiroglu Bilim University [2016-01-1]This work was supported by the Istanbul Bilim University Scientific Research Projects Commission (IBAPKO) [2016-01-1.]
Intra- and Extra-cellular Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Blood of Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder
No full textAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is the loss of a person's quality of life due to increased alcohol consumption and the failure of alcohol consumption control. In this study, the intra- and extracellular thiol-disulfide levels in people with AUD were compared with age-matched healthy controls. Forty male patients diagnosed with AUD and thirty healthy male individuals were included in the study. In addition to psychiatric and sociodemographic tests routine biochemical evaluations have been performed. The alcohol group had significantly higher Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores compared to the control group. While there was a decrease in the intracellular GSH and extracellular native thiol levels in the blood of the alcohol group, GSSG and disulfide levels were increased, respectively. Subsequently, while there was an increase in the intracellular GSSG/GSH content levels in the alcohol group compared to the control group, the ratios of GSH/GSH+GSSG were decreased. These changes, indicative of oxidative stress, were observed both in blood serum and erythrocytes. Also, there was an increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) mean corpuscular volume (MCV), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the alcohol group in routine biochemical tests, while total protein, folic acid, ferritin and hemoglobin (HGB) levels were decreased. Our results suggest that increased intra- and extracellular GSSG/GSH % (disulfide/native thiol %) may serve as an indicator of developing oxidative stress in individuals with AUD
T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging as a novel predictor of surgical remission in newly diagnosed pituitary macroadenomas presenting as acromegaly
No full textBackground: Any preoperative diagnostic assessment that can predict the success of the operation in acromegaly will provide a positive impact on overall remission rates. The aim of this study is to reveal whether the signal intensity in T2-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging can predict postoperative results in acromegaly patients with macroadenoma. Methods: We analyzed our surgical results in regard to T2-weighted images in newly diagnosed consecutive 124 patients with acromegaly, operated between 2014 and 2019. The T2-intensity of the pure somatotroph macroadenomas was correlated with the clinical, radiological, surgical and histopathological characteristics of the acromegaly patients. Results: We found a predominance of T2-hyperintensity in our series (45%) and the T2-hypointense pure somatotroph adenomas were detected in only 34% of our patients. Total resection was performed in 72% of newly diagnosed acromegaly patients in this series. Accordingly, total resection was achieved in 69% of the T2-hyperintense group, 77% of the T2-hypointense group and 69% of the T2-isointense group. The surgical remission rates for the T2-hyper-, hypo- and isointense groups were 54.5%, 80.7%, and 68.7%, respectively. The surgical remission rate in the T2-hyperintense group was significantly lower than those of hypo- and isointense groups in newly diagnosed acromegaly patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a close relationship between the T2 signal intensity and the surgical remission rates in acromegaly patients with macroadenoma. Preoperative T2-intensity images may predict the probability of post-surgical remission in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly. Further support fort this idea comes from recent guidelines for acromegaly management in which the potential utility of using T2 intensity to optimize patient management has been emphasized. © 2021 Elsevier Lt
The effects of acute hypoxia on audition:An experimental study
No full textOBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a health problem that has increasing importance in society. In the literature, many studies about an audition in patients with OSAS are present. In this study, the effects of hypoxia on an audition that develop during the apnea attacks in OSAS were investigated experimentally.METHODS: This study was conducted in Inonu University Audiology Laboratory after the approval of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Experimental Animal Research Ethics Committee (Protocol Number: 2011/A-102). In this study, 15 Wistar albino rats with a weight of 250–300 g were used. Anesthesia was performed by 40 mg/kg Ketamine and 5 mg/kg Xylazine through intramuscular administration. The processes were applied in the silence. This study involved 15 rats with normal auditory functions. Only tracheotomy was performed in the control group. Auditory assays were administered with otoacoustic emis-sion (DP gram) before and after the process. In hypoxia group, hypoxia was created by making apnea attacks that lasted at least 10 seconds after the tracheotomy process. Auditory assays using DP gram were performed before tracheotomy and during hypoxia in the hypoxia group.RESULTS: In the control group, statistically significant values were not found. In the hypoxia group, statistically significant differences were detected in high frequencies.CONCLUSION: In conclusion, cochlear reply decreased in high frequencies during hypoxia that was created by apnea attacks
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CONVENTIONAL DIFFUSION, DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING, AND DYNAMIC SUSCEPTIBILITY CONTRAST-ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE PERFUSION IMAGING IN THE EVALUATION OF LIVER FIBROSIS
No full textObjective: Liver fibrosis is a dynamic, reversible process that can result in liver failure. There has been considerable interest in developing noninvasivemethods for diagnosis and staging. To investigate the diffusion and perfusion changes of the fibrotic liver parenchyma with conventional diffusion-weightedimaging (CDI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and T2*weighted dynamic susceptibility contrast-magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (DSC-MRPI) at3Tesla MR scanner.Methods: Twenty-seven patients with chronic viral hepatitis and 24 volunteers were evaluated, prospectively. The standard MRI protocols of the abdomen,CDI, and DTI were performed. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were obtained, D and FA values were calculated for DTI. Signal Intensity(SI)-time curves were obtained and “blood volume”(BV), “blood flow” (BF), “time to peak”(TTP), “mean transit time”(MTT) were measured. All patients withhepatitis underwent liver biopsy. The efficacy of diffusion and perfusion parameters used in the diagnosis of fibrosis was analyzed with the receiver operatingcharacteristic curve (ROC).Results: Patients had significantly lower liver ADC when compared to the control group, either with CDI and DTI. D values obtained from DTI were lowerin patients than those of the normal volunteers, and the difference was statistically significant. On DSC-MRPI; BF, BV, MTT, and TTP of the liver werelower than those of the control group but only BV and MTT values showed statistical significance. Liver ADC, D, and BV values had a negative correlationwith fibrosis.Conclusion: The results showed that the D values obtained from DTI, BV, and MTT values obtained from DSC-MRPI can be an efficient diagnostic tool forliver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis
Use of rotational thromboelastometry for a global screening of coagulation profile in patients of myeloproliferative neoplasms
No full textChronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell characterized by thrombohemorrhagic complications and a tendency to transform into acute leukemia. The pathogenesis of thrombosis in MPN is complex and results from a multifaceted interplay of clinical and disease-related factors. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) provides the complete and rapid information about all stages of the coagulation process. Here, we assess ROTEM parameters as a screening of coagulation profile in patients with MPNs. In particular, higher mean maximum clot firmness values were found in Essential thrombocythemia and Polycythemia vera patients when compared to healthy controls. Rotational thromboelastometry may be able to detect MPN patients who are susceptible to thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic complications. The predictive value of ROTEM for thrombosis remains to be established to classify subsets of patients at prominent risk who may benefit from prophylaxis with antithrombotic drugs. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
The Relationship between Serum Ferritin Levels and 5-Year All-Cause Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
No full textPubMed: 33827077WOS:000638043000001Introduction: The effect of high serum ferritin levels on long-term mortality in hemodialysis patients is unknown. The relationship between serum ferritin levels and 5-year all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients was investigated in this study. Methods: A total of 173 prevalent hemodialysis patients were included in this study. The patients were followed for up to 5 years and divided into 3 groups according to time-averaged serum ferritin levels (group 1: serum ferritin 1,500 ng/mL). Along with the serum ferritin levels, other clinical and laboratory variables that may affect mortality were also included in the Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. Results: Eighty-one (47%) patients died during the 5-year follow-up period. The median follow-up time was 38 (17.5-60) months. The 5-year survival rates of groups 1, 2, and 3 were 44, 64, and 27%, respectively. In group 3, the survival was lower than in groups 1 and 2 (log-rank test, p = 0.002). In group 1, the mortality was significantly lower than in group 3 (HR [95% CI]: 0.16 [0.05-0.49]; p = 0.001). In group 2, the mortality was also lower than in group 3 (HR [95% CI]: 0.32 [0.12-0.88]; p = 0.026). No significant difference in mortality between groups 1 and 2 was found (HR [95% CI]: 0.49 [0.23-1.04]; p = 0.063). Conclusion: Time-averaged serum ferritin levels >1,500 ng/mL in hemodialysis patients are associated with an increased 5-year all-cause mortality risk
The investigation of the changes in the surface glycoconjugates using two different spheroid models of breast cancer cells and availability assessment of these spheroid models for rapid diagnosis
No full text2-s2.0-85105305070The importance of early cancer diagnosis has led to development of many different diagnostic methods. In this context, the studies investigating the presence and amount of sugar residues to use as indicators in the identification of cancer cell type have become prominent. In the present study, sialic acids found on the membrane surfaces of ER (+) MCF-7 and ER (-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines were labeled using three-dimensional (3D) cell culture (Spheroid) model as the closest method to the patient sample, thus its natural environment, among the cell culture methods. These sugar units that play a role in regulation of important immune characteristics such as recognition, binding and metastasis were made visualizable by applying fluorescent-labeled lectins such as FITC-(Wheat Germ Agglutinin) specifically binding to sialic acid units (GlcNAc, Neu5Ac) including particularly ß-GlcNAc and FITC-(Maackia Amurensis-Lectin-1) specifically binding to Galß4GlcNAc type sialic acids. These glycan units were specifically labeled with FITC-(Maackia Amurensis-Lectin-1) and FITC- (Wheat Germ Agglutinin) and radiation intensities were analyzed relatively. The two different breast cancer cell cultures were compared with respect to change in the amounts of sialic acid residues containing ?-2,3- and ?-2,6 bonds using fluorescent-labeled lectins. In the present study, we have performed a precise, accurate and rapid determination of the sugar content in the different breast cancer cell surface lines by means of fluorescent-labeled lectins and carried out a relative comparison between the micrographs. © 2021 Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi. All rights reserved
In Spite of Curative Radical Pulmonary Procedures, Lesser Pulmonary Resection Shows More Favorable Prognosis in Surgically Treated NSCLC With Synchronous Isolated Cranial Oligometastases
No full textYardimci, Eyup Halit/0000-0002-3848-3605PubMed: 33718430WOS:000627318500001Oligometastatic disease in lung cancer is not a rare condition as previously thought. Among 812 non-small cell lung cancer patients treated surgically with lung resection between October 2011 and October 2018 at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Florence Nightingale Hospitals, Turkey, 28 patients (3.4%) had synchronous cranial metastases. We analyzed synchronous isolated cranial metastases patients treated by locally ablative treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, or both). Metastases existing at the diagnosis of primary cancer were considered as synchronous, and their treatment was performed before (at least 1 month) or after (for maximum 1 month) surgery of the primary lung lesion. Prognostic factors affecting survival are evaluated retrospectively to identify clinical factors predicting survival in an effort to better select patients for surgery. Patients having T1-T2 primary lung tumors, no mediastinal lymph node metastasis, receiving minor anatomical lung resection, receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, having single cranial metastasis, and receiving surgical cranial metastasectomy were found to have better survival. According to tumor histology, having adenocarcinoma, and not having lymphovascular or visceral pleura invasion correlated with better survival. Average survival time was 52.1 months and median survival was 32 months. The last mortality during the follow-up was at 24 months; cumulative survival was 48.3% at that time. Our study was designed to define the criteria for patients with oligometastatic disease who may benefit from lung resection
Hepatocellular adenomas in the Turkish population: reclassification according to updated World Health Organization criteria
No full textcelikel, cigdem/0000-0002-9360-8116; Deniz, Kemal/0000-0001-7749-2152PubMed: 33406290WOS:000639263200001Aims Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon liver neoplasm, and studies of HCA subtypes have been primarily limited to France, the USA, and Japan. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of HCA subtypes in Turkey. Methods and results The resection specimens of 59 cases diagnosed as 'hepatocellular adenoma' collected from 15 institutions were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and to classify them according to the current World Health Organization 2019 classification. Immunostaining for glutamine synthetase, liver fatty acid-binding protein, C-reactive protein, beta-catenin and reticulin was performed. Of the 59 cases, 48 (81%) were diagnosed as HCA. We identified 24 (50%) hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1 alpha)-inactivated HCAs, five (10%) inflammatory HCAs, 15 (32%) beta-catenin-activated HCAs, three (6%) beta-catenin-activated inflammatory HCAs, and one (2%) unclassified HCA. HCA patients were predominantly female (female/male ratio of 5:1); they had a median age of 34 years and a median tumour diameter of 60 mm. In the beta-catenin-activated HCA group, nine cases (19%) showed cytoarchitectural atypia, and were also referred to as atypical hepatocellular neoplasms. In the beta-catenin-activated HCA group, three cases (6%) showed focal areas supportive of transition to HCA. The original diagnosis of HCA was changed to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in nine cases and to focal nodular hyperplasia in two cases. Conclusion In our series, the major HCA subtype was HNF1 alpha-inactivated HCA. We found a low incidence of inflammatory-type HCA. Our data also showed that beta-catenin-activated hepatocellular neoplasms, including cases with atypical histology, constituted a relatively high proportion of the cases. These findings are in contrast to those of most other studies of HCA subtypes