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The Comparative Effects of Inulin and Bacillus clausii on LPS-Induced Endotoxemic Rat Liver
No full textBackground This paper sought to investigate the modifies of inulin and Bacillus clausii on the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) inducing oxidative stress signaling pathway in the endotoxemic rat model. Methods Wistar albino male rats (n = 36), divided into six groups, were formed randomly in the following stages: the control group; the prebiotic group (Inulin; 500 mg/kg); the probiotic group (Bacillus clausii; 1x10(9) CFU); the LPS group (1.5 mg/kg) as the endotoxemic model; the prebiotic group + LPS; and the probiotic group + LPS as treatment groups. Results The reactive oxygen species (ROS), advanced oxidation products of protein (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) levels increased in LPS-induced toxicity. Prebiotic treatment decreased LPS-induced hepatotoxicity on rat liver as observed in the decrease in the levels of oxidative stress parameters, such as ROS, TBARS, TOS, and OSI. The effect of the probiotic treatment on the ROS, AOPP, TOS, OSI levels was not statistically significant. However, it was determined that probiotic application was effective in the TBARS, TAS, and GSH levels. When the biochemical results of the prebiotic and probiotic treatment applications were compared, it was found that the prebiotic treatment was more effective on oxidative stress parameters (ROS, TBARS, TOS, and OSI). In addition, the histological damage score and MPO-staining results of the prebiotic treatment group were found to be more effective than the probiotic group. Conclusion In this first study, where inulin and Bacillus clausii spores are used against liver damage caused by LPS, inulin provides much more effective protection than Bacillus clausii spores
A real-life analysis of patients with rheumatologic diseases on biological treatments: Data from TURKBIO Registry
No full textObjective: TURKBIO registry, established in 2011, is the first nationwide biological database in Turkey. This study aimed to provide an overview of TURKBIO data collected by June 2018. Methods: The registry included adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-AxSpA), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Demographic and clinical features, disease activity markers, and other follow-up parameters, current and previous treatments, and adverse events were registered electronically at each visit using open-source software. The registration of patient-reported outcome measures was carried out electronically by the patients using touch screens. Results: TURKBIO registry included a total of 41,145 treatment series with biologicals. There were 2,588 patients with axSpA (2,459 AS and 129 nr-axSpA), 2,036 with RA, and 428 with PsA. The total number of patients, including those with other diagnoses, was 5,718. In the follow-up period, the number of patients and also visits steadily increased by years. The yearly mean number of visits per patient was found to be 2.3. Significant improvements in disease activity and health assessment parameters were observed following the biological treatments. Biologics were often given in combination with a conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in patients with RA. Infections were the most commonly seen adverse events, followed by allergic reactions. Tuberculosis was observed in 12 patients, malignancy in 18, and treatment-related mortality in 31. Conclusion: TURKBIO provided a valuable real-life experience with the use of biologics in rheumatic diseases in Turkey
Evaluation of Psychosocial Outcomes of Living Liver Donors in Liver Transplantation
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors affecting psychosocial outcomes of living liver donors after liver transplantations. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of living liver donors followed by 2 liver transplantation centers in 2 private hospitals in 2 different provinces, between August 2017 and October 2019. All the living liver donors were contacted without a time frame after donation and all the participants were evaluated once. The Beck Depression Scale, SF-36, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Perceived Available Support Scale were used to collect data. The t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 34.31 +/- 8.22 years. There was a positive, weak correlation between age and physical function. Gender, marital status, financial status, and education levels significantly affected physical components, social function, vitality, depression, and self-efficacy scores. High depression levels negatively affected the physical component, self-efficacy, and social support scores of the living liver donors. High self-efficacy positively affected social support. Conclusion: The study revealed that gender, marital status, employment status, and education levels were associated with psychosocial outcomes. The financial status was the main factor affecting each psychosocial variable. Financial status needs to be assessed in detail before and after the operation.International Transplant Nurses Society (2017 ITNS Research Grant Award)This study was funded by International Transplant Nurses Society (2017 ITNS Research Grant Award)
Clinical, demographic and genetic features of patients with congenital heart disease : A single center experience
No full textObjective: We aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) in a private pediatric cardiovascular genetics clinic in Istanbul from January 2016 to July 2018 and increase the awareness and emphasize the importance of genetic counseling in CHD. Patients and Methods: One hundred and seventeen patients (50 female, 67 male) from 3 days of age to 25 years of age in 17 months period ( January 2016 to July 2018) were retrospectively analyzed. Data included age, sex, echocardiography results, extracardiac features, genetic test results, consanguinity and any family member with heart disease. Pearson's chi-squared test with 1 degree of freedom and 5% significance was used for correlations. Results: Consanguinity rate was 23.9%. Most common diagnosis was Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) equally. 30 patients had genetic testing which revealed a diagnosis in 36.6 % of the patients. 6 patients had DiGeorge, one had Renpenning,onc had Kabuki syndrome. We had one NODAL, one MYH7 and one MYH6 variant. Conclusion: Genetic testing in CHD has a high diagnostic yield. Genetic counseling can help diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic and family planning decision making.Yale Center for Mendelian Genomics [UM1HG006504]; National Human Genome Research Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteThis work was supported by The Yale Center for Mendelian Genomics (UM1HG006504) which is funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Donor lymphocyte infusions after haploidentical stem cell transplantation with PTCY: A study on behalf of the EBMT cellular therapy & immunobiology working party
No full textDonor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is a treatment option to prevent or treat relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We here report data for 173 patients who received one or multiple DLIs after haploidentical-HCT with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) at 47 EBMT centers from 2009 to 2018. Indication for DLI was: prophylactic for 59(34.3%), preemptive for 20(11.6%), and therapeutic for 93(54.1%). For the prophylactic group, the median number of DLIs was 1 (IQR:1-2.5) with a median first dose of 0.1 x 10(6) CD3+ T cell/kg, for the preemptive 2 (IQR:1-3) with 0.5 x 10(6) CD3+ T cell/kg, for the therapeutic 1 (IQR:1-3) with 1 x 10(6)CD3+ Tcell/kg, respectively. OS after first DLI was 61% (46-75%) for prophylactic, 40% (19-61%) for preemptive, and 22% (13-31%) for therapeutic. CI of II-IV aGVHD and cGVHD was 17%(7-27%) and 53% (40-67%) for the prophylactic, 20% (2-38%) and 21% (3-39%) for the preemptive, 17% (9-24%) and 24% (15-33%) for the therapeutic group, respectively. Our data show great variability in the indications and modalities of DLI across responding EBMT centers. Survival rates remain relatively low in patients with active disease. While the cumulative incidence of aGVHD appears acceptable, we showed a high incidence proportion of cGVHD in the prophylactic group, compared with preemptive and therapeutic DLI. These data should be investigated further in prospective clinical trials
Does dietary restriction of amino acids other than methionine have any effect on peroxide and superoxide production rates, oxidative protein and DNA damage in the liver and heart mitochondria of aging rats?
No full textObjectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of amino acids other than methionine in mitotic and postmitotic tissue of rats by measuring mitochondrial peroxide and superoxide production as well as oxidative protein and DNA damage in the liver and heart of rats fed with either a normal diet (ND) or a protein-restricted diet (PREMD). Methods: The study group comprised 4- and 12-month-old rats fed with either a ND or a PREMD for 4 months. The rate of mitochondrial peroxide and superoxide production, and the protein carbonyl (PC) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the liver and heart mitochondria were measured. Results: The mitochondrial peroxide and superoxide production rates of the liver and heart mitochondria of rats did not demonstrate any significant difference based on the diet provided. Similarly, diet did not have a significant effect on the PC level in the liver and heart mitochondria of either age group. In the 16-month-old rats, the mtDNA 8-OHdG level was significantly higher in the heart than the liver, regardless of the diet. Conclusion: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and oxidative protein and DNA damage increased in mitotic and postmitotic tissue with age; however, the increment was more prominent in the heart than the liver. Longterm PREMD consumption did not decelerate oxidative damage in the heart or in the liver with age
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) protects from neuropathy caused by cisplatin, through enhanced heat shock protein-70 and reduced oxidant effect
No full textOBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether vitamin C has a protective effect on cisplatin-induced neuropathy in rats.METHODS: In total, 24 rats were included in the study of which 8 rats (no drug administered) were categorized as the control group. The remaining 16 rats were given a total dose of 20 mg/kg cisplatin to induce neuropathy. These drug-administered rats (16 rats) were randomly divided into two groups, namely, group-1 (n=8): cisplatin+saline and group-2 (n=8): cisplatin+vitamin C (500 mg/kg/day). All rats were tested for motor function and electromyographic activity 3 days after cisplatin. Motor performance was evaluated by an inclined-plane test. Compound muscle action potential was evaluated. Plasma malondialdehyde, glutathione, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, and sciatic nerve HSP 70 levels were measured. Axon diameter and nerve growth factor expression levels were analyzed.RESULTS: Plasma malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin 6 levels were higher in the cisplatin+saline group than control group (p<0.001). But vitamin C significantly reduced malondialdehyde and inflammatory cytokine levels when compared with the cisplatin+saline group (p<0.001). Glutathione levels were lower in both cisplatin+saline and cisplatin+vitamin C groups than control group, but vitamin C significantly ameliorated the glutathione levels (p<0.05). Sciatic heat shock protein-70 levels were significantly higher in the cisplatin+vitamin C group than cisplatin+saline group. Compound muscle action potential amplitude and inclined plane test scores were significantly improved in the vitamin C group (p<0.05). Axon diameter and nerve growth factor expression ameliorated with vitamin C (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the ameliorated effects of vitamin C on cisplatin-induced neuropathy through increased heat shock protein-70, nerve growth factor levels, and reduced inflammatory and oxidant effects. The results are promising to improve the neurotoxic effects of cisplatin in cancer patients
Mesenchymal stem cells have ameliorative effect on the colitis model via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the ameliorative effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on acetic acid colitis model via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats. Methods: In this study, 30 rats were divided into three groups. Acute colitis was induced by rectal administration of 4% solution of acetic acid. MSCs were injected intraperitoneally in the treatment group. Results: Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), pentraxin-3, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in colitis group were revealed biochemically. Increased level of TNF-α and decreased levels of Nrf2 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were observed in rectum tissues. Increased fibrous tissue proliferation, vascularization and inflammatory cell infiltration were described in the colitis group. Significant improvement was observed in MSCs treated group histopathologically. Increased immunopositivity of TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD68 markers was observed in the colitis group cells, and decreased level of this positivity was observed in MSCs treated group. Conclusion: Biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical results strongly support the ameliorative effect of MSCs against acetic induced colitis model via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats. © 2022, Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia. All rights reserved
Effect of Fear of Covid-19 Infection on Functionality in Breast Cancer Patients in the Pandemic
No full textBackground: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe through coughing, sneezing droplet inhalation, and contact. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the impact of the fear of COVID-19 infection on functionality in women with breast cancer. Methods: The present study included women with diagnosed breast cancer (n=75) under treatment in Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital and healthy (n=69) women( a total of 144 volunteers). The participants were asked to fill out the Sociodemographic Data Form, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), and Fear of COVID-19 Scale to evaluate the impact of fear of infection and cleaning behavior due to COVID-19 on functionality. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the women with and without diagnosed breast cancer regarding the impact of fear of COVID-19 infection on all functionality parameters (all parameters: P>0.05). In the breast cancer group, the effect of Covid-15 anxiety and cleaning behavior on functionality performance was significantly higher in participants with underlying disease (P=0.044, P=0.013) and smoking (P=0.0234, P=0.0147). Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, smoking and the presence of comorbidity in breast cancer patients may have a negative effect on the functionality effect of fear of Covid-19 infection. In terms of psychiatric intervention, the parameters affected by functionality should be considered
Graft versus host disease after liver transplantation: A case report
No full textGraft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) is a severe immunological-clincopathological condition mediated by healthy T-lymphocytes in donor tissue against the immunosuppressed host tissue and rarely seen after solid organ transplantation (SOT). A 72-year old male patient underwent cadaveric liver transplantation. On day 34 of the postoperative follow-up, the patient developed fever, generalized skin rash and hemorrhagic lesions in the oropharynx. Skin biopsy was consistent with GVHD. Despite high-dose corticosteroid treatment, he died on postoperative day 51. Although it is seen rarely after liver transplantation, GVHD is an important clinical entity for which early diagnosis is critical due to its high rates of mortality