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Türkiye'nin ''Yeni Ekonomik Model''inin politik ekonomisi
No full textLisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü, Uluslararası Politik Ekonomi Ana Bilim DalıBu araştırma, Türkiye'nin son yıllardaki ekonomi politikalarını eleştirel bir perspektiften ele almaktadır. Hükümetin "Yeni Ekonomi Modeli" olarak adlandırdığı düşük faizli genişleyici para politikalarının nedenleri ve sonuçları incelenmiştir. Bu politikaların enflasyon, istihdam ve dış ticaret dengesi gibi makroekonomik göstergelere, ayrıca gelir dağılımına etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye'nin yapısal sorunlarının anlaşılması için öncelikle 1980-1990'lı yıllar bağımlı finansallaşma ekseninde analiz edilmiştir. 2000'li yıllarda ise IMF programlarının etkisiyle şekillenen ekonomi politikaları ele alınmıştır. Küresel likidite koşullarının 2013-2015 yılları arasında tersine dönmesiyle borca dayalı büyümeden zayıf ihracata dayalı bir stratejiye geçildiği tespit edilmiştir. 2018'deki kur krizinin ardından genişleyici para politikalarının sürdürülmesi ve Kur Korumalı Mevduat gibi araçların etkinliği irdelenmiştir. Çalışma, farklı büyüme stratejilerinin ücretli kesimin milli gelirden aldığı payı olumsuz etkilediğini ve hükümetin nihayetinde ana akım ekonomi politikalarına dönüş yaptığını vurgulamaktadır. Bu araştırma, kavramsal ve teorik içgörülerle desteklenen ampirik bir yaklaşımı benimsemektedir. Kavramsal çerçevenin temelini eleştirel politik ekonomi oluştururken, ampirik analiz Türkiye'nin değişen büyüme stratejilerini ve Kur Korumalı Mevduat Hesaplarının (KKM) etkilerini incelemektedir.This study critically examines Türkiye's recent economic policies. It analyzes the reasons and outcomes of the low-interest expansionary monetary policies, referred to by the government as the "New Economic Model." The study evaluates the impact of these policies on macroeconomic indicators such as inflation, employment, and the balance of trade, as well as income distribution. To understand Türkiye's structural issues, the 1980s and 1990s are first analyzed within the framework of dependent financialization. The economic policies of the 2000s, shaped by IMF programs, are then examined. It is observed that the reversal of global liquidity conditions between 2013 and 2015 led to a shift from debt-driven growth to a weak export-oriented strategy. Following the 2018 currency crisis, the continuation of expansionary monetary policies and the effectiveness of tools like Exchange Rate Protected Deposit Accounts (ERPDAs) are assessed. The study highlights that different growth strategies have negatively impacted the wage-earners' share of national income and emphasizes the government's eventual return to mainstream economic policies. This research adopts an empirical approach, grounded in critical political economy, and focuses on Türkiye's evolving growth strategies and the impact of ERPDAs
Türkiye'de amatör ve profesyonel kadın dansçıların beden algısının nitel olarak incelenmesi
No full textLisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü, Klinik Psikoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Psikoloji Bilim DalıBeden algısı, bireylerin vücutlarına şekil ve boyut olarak yaptıkları atıflar, ve diğerlerinin onları nasıl algıladığı olarak tanımlanır ve ruh sağlığı anlamında merkezi bir konudur. Alanyazın, beden algısı ile ruh sağlığı, özsaygı ve özgüven arasında güçlü bağlantılar göstermiştir. Beden algısı genellikle kadınları daha fazla etkilese de dansçılar gibi bedenlerini performans için eğiten meslek grupları için de kritik bir konudur. Dans kültürü kadın bedenine karşı katı bir yaklaşım benimseryerek performansı ruh sağlığının önünde tutmaktadır. Türkiye'deki dansçıların ruh sağlığı üzerine yapılan sınırlı araştırmalar, cinsiyet eşitsizliği ve geleneksel ataerkillik dikkate alındığında kadın dansçıların ruh sağlığının dikkate alınması gerekliliğini vurgular. Kadın dansçıların bedenine yönelik standartlar ve dans kültüründeki sosyokültürel yapılar göz önüne alınarak, bu tez, Türkiye'deki amatör ve profesyonel kadın dansçıların beden algısını nitel olarak araştırmaktadır. 18-35 yaşlarındaki on kadın dansçıyla yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerde, bedenleriyle ilgili düşünceleri, duyguları ve deneyimlerinin zaman içersindeki gelişimi incelenmiştir. Tematik analiz kullanılarak üç ana tema belirlenmiştir: Dans eden bedenle ilgili deneyimler, dans eden beden üzerindeki baskılar ve olumlu beden algısı yaratma ve sürdürme. Temel bulgular arasında, dansçıların teknik gelişime, dışarıdan gelen onaya ve dans kültürünün ideal normlarına büyük önem verdikleri görülmüştür. Dansçılar, sosyokültürel etkiler aracılığıyla kusurlarını gizleme, veya kendilerini güçlü ve güçsüz yönleriyle kabul etme gibi başa çıkma yöntemleri benimsemişlerdir. Türkiye'deki dansçılar arasındaki beden algısıyla ilgili sınırlı ancak artan alanyazına katkıda bulunan bu araştırma, dans kültüründe destekleyici ve kapsayıcı bir yaklaşımın gerekliliğine odaklanır. Gelecek araştırmalar, dansçıların yaşadığı memnuniyetsizlik ve stress gibi olumsuz duyguları azaltmak için ruh sağlığı ve dans otoriteleri ile işbirliği içermelidir.Body image, defined as perceptions of an individual's body in terms of shape and size, and how others perceive them, is a central issue to mental health. The literature shows strong links between body image and mental health, self-esteem, and confidence. Although it often affects females, it is also found significant for those who train their bodies for performance, like dancers. The dance community adopts a harsh cultural approach to the feminine body, emphasizing performance over health. The limited research conducted in Türkiye highlights the need to consider female dancers' mental health, given the issues of gender inequity and traditional patriarchy. Considering the standards set for the female body, the hierarchical and patriarchal constructions within dance culture and history, this thesis investigates the body image of female dancers in Türkiye. Through in-depth interviews with ten female dancers aged 18-35, the study investigates their thoughts, emotions, and experiences concerning their bodies and how these have developed over time. Using thematic analysis, three main themes were identified: experiences about the dancing body, pressures on the dancing body, and creating and sustaining body positivity. Key findings reveal that dancers value technical development, external appraisal and meeting the ideal norms of dance culture. They adopt coping mechanisms through the sociocultural factors like covering their flaws or learning to focus on self-acceptance. Contributing to the limited but growing literature on body image among dancers in Türkiye, this research focuses on the need for a supportive, inclusive approach in dance culture. Future research should include collaborations between mental health professionals and dance authorities to reduce negative emotions dancers experience
Yeniçeri Kıyafeti Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
No full textThe Janissaries are important and special military units of the Ottoman army. The clothes of this elite unit are also unique to them. When the Ottoman archives, miniatures from the Ottoman period, the narrations of European travelers or ambassadors and their engravings are examined, it is understood that this clothing was extremely important and was used as a status symbol. The characteristics of these clothes, their place in Turkish culture and their changes throughout history are the subject of this article. Janissary clothing consists of several pieces. The most important part of this clothing is the headgear made of felt. These headgear are called janissary börkü/janissary felt. The headgear also consists of several pieces. The most important part is the cylindrical metal section on the forehead. According to what European eyewitnesses have reported, it is understood that the upper clothes and headgear of the Janissaries were different in times of war and peace. They use a type of clothing called çakşır as lower garment, which has varieties such as gaiters and trousers. Dolamas made of broadcloth are the upper garments of the Janissaries. It is understood that this upper garment was called a robe or caftan. At the same time, raincoats called barani were one of their upper garments. Baranis were also made of broadcloth. They were also called zemistani. Limited information is available about shoes. Undoubtedly, the abolition of the Janissary Corps during the reign of Mahmud II caused the rapid disappearance of their clothing, but a limited number of examples have survived in museums in Europe. These clothing items were used by the Janissaries until 1826, when Mahmud II closed the Janissary organization.Yeniçeriler, Osmanlı ordusunun önemli ve özel askerî birlikleridir. Bu seçkin birliğin kıyafetleri de kendilerine özgüdür. Osmanlı arşivleri, Osmanlı dönemine ait minyatürler, Avrupalı seyyahların ya da elçilerin anlatımları ve yaptıkları gravürler incelendiğinde bu kıyafetin son derece önemli olduğu ve statü göstergesi olarak kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu kıyafetlerin özellikleri, Türk kültüründeki yeri ve tarihi süreçteki değişimi bu makalenin konusudur. Yeniçeri kıyafetleri birkaç parçadan oluşmaktadır. Bu kıyafetin en önemli parçası keçeden imâl edilen başlıktır. Bu başlıklara yeniçeri börkü/yeniçeri keçesi denmektedir. Başlıklar da birkaç parçadan oluşmaktadır. En önemli parçası alın kısmında bulunan silindirik metal bölümdür. Avrupalı görgü şahitlerinin aktardıklarına göre yeniçerilerin üst giysilerinin ve başlıklarının savaş ve barış zamanlarında farklı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Alt giyim olarak çakşır denilen, tozluklu ve paçalı olmak üzere çeşitleri bulunan bir giysi kullanmaktadırlar. Çuhadan imâl edilen dolamalar ise yeniçerilerin üst giysisidir. Bu üst giysisinin cübbe veya kaftan olarak adlandırıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda baranî adı verilen yağmurluklar da üst giysilerinden biridir. Baranîler de çuhadan imâl edilmiştir. Bunlara zemistanî adı da verilmektedir. Pabuçlar hakkında ise sınırlı bilgi edinilebilmektedir. Kuşkusuz II. Mahmud döneminde yeniçeri ocağının ortadan kaldırılması bunlara ait olan kıyafetlerinde hızlı şekilde yok olmasına neden olmuş ancak Avrupa’da yer alan müzelerde sınırlı sayıda örnek günümüze ulaşmıştır. Bu giyim öğeleri, II. Mahmud’un yeniçeri teşkilâtını kapattığı 1826 yılına kadar yeniçeriler tarafından kullanılmıştır
The transition to renewable energy in Türkiye
No full textThis study examines the key economic, political, and technical challenges Türkiye faces
in its transition to renewable energy. As the sustainability of the current fossil fuel-based
energy structure is increasingly questioned, Türkiye’s shift towards renewable energy
sources is crucial both for energy security and environmental sustainability. The research
seeks to answer the following question: What are the primary obstacles Türkiye
encounters in its transition to renewable energy, and how does this shift impact the
country's energy security, sustainable development goals, and foreign trade relations? In
this context, the study analyzes the transformation of Türkiye’s energy policies, the
barriers to renewable energy investments, and the potential effects of this transition on
the national economy and external trade. Specifically, it evaluates how reducing reliance
on energy imports can improve Türkiye's trade balance and foster new opportunities in
the renewable energy sector, such as the export of green technologies. The role of
renewable energy in achieving Türkiye's sustainable development goals and ensuring
energy security is also assessed. The research focuses on technological advancements in
the energy sector, regulatory frameworks, and the effective utilization of financial
resources, offering a comprehensive assessment of Türkiye’s path toward its renewable
energy targets and its broader impact on foreign trade dynamics
The undead horizon: Navigating the polycrisis through self-aware zombie narratives
No full textThis thesis investigates the emergence of self-aware zombie narratives as they relate to the Polycrisis, its underlying reasons, and possible ways of building sustainable futures, specifically focusing on the films Warm Bodies (2013) and The Girl with All the Gifts (2016). These self-aware zombie representations challenge the traditional depictions of zombies as mindless creatures, offering a nuanced reflection of humanity's struggles and potential for transformation in the context of the Polycrisis—a confluence of environmental, social, and economic crises exacerbated by Late Capitalism. The study shows that the newly proliferating phenomena of self-aware zombies signify a departure from the conventional portrayals of the walking dead, embodying instead complex themes of care, community, love, and recognition of the other. By analyzing the largely forgotten historical roots of the zombie myth and its journey from Haitian folklore to popular culture, the thesis highlights the genre's capacity to critique Capitalist Realism and envision alternative sustainable futures. Through a detailed examination of narrative arcs, character development, and thematic depth, this research contributes to the field of Zombie Studies, suggesting that these narratives not only confront the destructive impact of Late Capitalism but also offer a vision for a sustainable future
Impairments in psychological functioning in refugees and asylum seekers
No full textRefugees are at increased risk for developing psychological impairments due to stressors in the pre-, peri- and post-migration periods. There is limited knowledge on how everyday functioning is affected by migration experience. In a secondary analysis of a study in a sample of refugees and asylum seekers, it was examined how aspects of psychological functioning were differentially affected. 1,101 eligible refugees and asylum seekers in Europe and Turkiye were included in a cross-sectional analysis. Gender, age, education, number of relatives and children living nearby, as well as indicators for depressive and posttraumatic symptoms, quality of life, psychological well-being and functioning, and lifetime potentially traumatic events were assessed. Correlations and multiple regression models with World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) 12-item version's total and six subdomains' scores ('mobility', 'life activities', 'cognition', 'participation', 'self-care', 'getting along') as dependent variables were calculated. Tests for multicollinearity and Bonferroni correction were applied. Participants reported highest levels of impairment in 'mobility' and 'participation', followed by 'life activities' and 'cognition'. Depression and posttraumatic symptoms were independently associated with overall psychological functioning and all subdomains. History of violence and abuse seemed to predict higher impairment in 'participation', while past events of being close to death were associated with fewer issues with 'self-care'. Impairment in psychological functioning in asylum seekers and refugees was related to current psychological symptoms. Mobility and participation issues may explain difficulties arising after resettlement in integration and exchange with host communities in new contexts.European Commission [779255]The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the European Commission, grant agreement n. 779255 (RE-DEFINE: Refugee Emergency: DEFining and Implementing Novel Evidence-based psychosocial interventions)
Women’s radio history in Turkey: The politics of reflecting together in oral history research
No full textThis chapter draws from oral history research with women broadcasters who worked in the Turkish Radio and Television Institution (TRT) during the late 1960s and 1970s. The research aimed at addressing women’s struggles within the institutional body of TRT underlying the significance of broadcasting as a space of contestation and struggle. With the participation of the co-author, Özden Cankaya as one of the radio broadcasters, the research process embodied a dialogic relationship of the insider and outsider perspectives which gradually transformed into a collaborative process of remembering, reflecting and reimagining. In this chapter, we perceive oral history research as a non-linear process of collective knowledge production embodied within the everyday, mediated through structured and spontaneous conversations and moments, and facilitated though various webs of relationships. We argue that a collaborative approach to oral history research reveals the complexity and the possibility of a multi-layered interpretation of women’s media histories. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Begüm Irmak, Can Koçak, Onur Sesigür and Nazan Haydari; individual chapters, the contributors
An Investigation of the Role of Phase Angle in Malnutrition Risk Evaluation and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Head and Neck or Brain Tumors Undergoing Radiotherapy
No full textThis cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the role of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and phase angle measurement in assessing malnutrition in head and neck (n = 37) and brain (n = 63) tumor patients received radiotherapy. Common nutritional screening and assessment tests were used to identify malnutrition in the patients. Each patient underwent these tests once, along with phase angle measurement. Additionally, inflammation parameters, including neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammatory index (SII), were calculated. All study results were correlated with the phase angle cutoff point of 5.72(degrees). The phase angle demonstrated significant correlations with subjective global assessment (SGA), mini nutritional assessment (MNA) scores, BIA parameters, nutritional index, NLR, and SII (p < 0.05). Moreover, in head and neck tumor patients, those with higher standardized phase angle values exhibited significantly better two-year overall survival (32.1% vs. 87.5%, p = 0.006). The phase angle measurement is a convenient, noninvasive, and reproducible method that can complement existing tools for assessing malnutrition risk in radiotherapy patients. The significant correlations observed between the phase angle and various nutritional, inflammation markers and prognosis highlight its potential utility. Further studies incorporating a larger patient cohort will be beneficial in establishing a standard phase angle reference value for cancer patients
Using embossing ice particulate method to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/ pullulan hydrogels with surface open pores loaded with microspheres for breast cancer treatment
No full textIn the post -operative treatment of breast cancer, early prevention of locoregional recurrence is crucial to avoid metastasis of cells from leftover microtumor tissues. The limitations in conventional drug delivery systems show a growing clinical demand for disease -specific drug -releasing systems. This study explores a novel poly(vinyl alcohol)/pullulan (PVA/PUL) hydrogel system for local drug delivery in post -operative breast cancer treatment. Hydrogel was produced by combination of lyophilization and embossing ice particulate techniques to create microspheres loaded open pores on the hydrogel surface for localized release of doxorubicin-loaded polycaprolactone microspheres (DOX-PCL-MSs). PVA/PUL hydrogel was successfully crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and stabilized hydrogel structure has possessed slow degradation rate and increasing water retention through 12 days. Release of DOX after 7 and 16 days from DOX-PCL-MSs loaded hydrogels were slower with a 6.2 +/- 8.9 % and 56.6 +/- 4.5 % release compared to 60.9 +/- 14.6 % and 76.8 +/- 19.7 % release from free DOX loaded hydrogel since DOX release was controlled by PCL microspheres. When interacted with human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), DOX-PCL-MSs were able to disrupt cell and spheroid morphology after 7 days at concentrations as low as 12 mu g/mL loaded DOX. In vitro cytotoxicity study has showed that, DOX-PCL-MSs loaded hydrogel was able to decrease MCF-7 viability after 7 days of incubation with controlled release of DOX. While free DOX releasing hydrogel has lost cytotoxic activity even after 4 days of incubation. Furthermore, ability of PVA/PUL hydrogel to support L929 cell attachment was shown in the study, suggesting hydrogels potential for promoting tissue regeneration after anti -cancer treatment. The study reveals that PVA/PUL hybrid hydrogels loaded with DOXPCL-MSs has impactful potential in post -surgical treatment of breast cancer