Woods Hole Open Access Server
Not a member yet
23823 research outputs found
Sort by
Soil carbon consequences of historic hydrologic impairment and recent restoration in coastal wetlands
Get PDF© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Eagle, M. J., Kroeger, K. D., Spivak, A. C., Wang, F., Tang, J., Abdul-Aziz, O. I., Ishtiaq, K. S., O’Keefe Suttles, J., & Mann, A. G. Soil carbon consequences of historic hydrologic impairment and recent restoration in coastal wetlands. The Science of the Total Environment, 848, (2022): 157682, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157682.Coastal wetlands provide key ecosystem services, including substantial long-term storage of atmospheric CO2 in soil organic carbon pools. This accumulation of soil organic matter is a vital component of elevation gain in coastal wetlands responding to sea-level rise. Anthropogenic activities that alter coastal wetland function through disruption of tidal exchange and wetland water levels are ubiquitous. This study assesses soil vertical accretion and organic carbon accretion across five coastal wetlands that experienced over a century of impounded hydrology, followed by restoration of tidal exchange 5 to 14 years prior to sampling. Nearby marshes that never experienced tidal impoundment served as controls with natural hydrology to assess the impact of impoundment and restoration. Dated soil cores indicate that elevation gain and carbon storage were suppressed 30–70 % during impoundment, accounting for the majority of elevation deficit between impacted and natural sites. Only one site had substantial subsidence, likely due to oxidation of soil organic matter. Vertical and carbon accretion gains were achieved at all restored sites, with carbon burial increasing from 96 ± 33 to 197 ± 64 g C m−2 y−1. The site with subsidence was able to accrete at double the rate (13 ± 5.6 mm y−1) of the natural complement, due predominantly to organic matter accumulation rather than mineral deposition, indicating these ecosystems are capable of large dynamic responses to restoration when conditions are optimized for vegetation growth. Hydrologic restoration enhanced elevation resilience and climate benefits of these coastal wetlands.This project was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program and the USGS Land Change Science Program's LandCarbon program, NOAA National Estuarine Research Reserve Science Collaborative NA14NOS4190145, and MIT Sea Grant 2015-R/RC-141. Contributions of Abdul-Aziz were also supported by NSF CBET Environmental Sustainability Award No. 1705941. Our stakeholder partners, including the Cape Cod National Seashore, Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, and the Bringing Wetlands to Market project team, and Towns and Conservation Commissions, including Eastham, Barnstable, Brewster, Yarmouth, Denis, Sandwich and Orleans, were instrumental in providing research support and site access
CTD-ODF profiles from GEOTRACES-Arctic Section cruise HLY1502, August to October 2015
No full textDataset: GN01 CTD - ODF ProfilesThese data are from the ODF CTD rosette operated on the GEOTRACES Arctic cruise (GN01) on USCGC Healy from August to October 2015.
For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/700817NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1355913, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1355833, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1356008, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-145592
Dissolved concentrations and stable isotope ratios of Fe, Zn, and Cd from Leg 2 (Hilo, HI to Papeete, French Polynesia) of the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15, RR1815) on R/V Roger Revelle from October to November 2018
No full textDataset: GP15 Fe Zn Cd Dissolved and Stable Isotope Ratios - Leg 2This dataset reports dissolved (0.2µm AcroPak filter) concentrations and stable isotope ratios of iron, zinc, and cadmium (Fe, Zn, and Cd) via Nobias PA-1 extraction and MC-ICPMS analysis in water samples collected by the GTC (GEOTRACES Trace-metal clean CTD carousel) and/or surface tow fish from 23 stations along the US GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT) cruise (GP15) on R/V Roger Revelle from October to November 2018. The GP15 cruise sailed from September to November 2018 on a meridional transect along 152°W from Alaska to Tahiti. Concentration and isotope data were collected by Dr. Matthias Sieber and Dr. Tim Conway at the University of South Florida using a Thermo Neptune Plus MC-ICPMS. Trace metal isotope ratios are an important tool to better understand the marine cycles of trace metals and their relationship to major nutrients.
For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/884673NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-17371362023-12-3
Data on unhatched embryos from an experiment on CO2 sensitivity of Northern sand lance (Ammodytes dubius) embryos conducted in 2018
No full textDataset: Unhatched stages E1Source data of two years of experimentation on Northern sand lance (Ammodytes dubius) embryos at different temperature and pCO2 conditions. Founder adults were sampled at Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) (42° 9' 58.26" N, 70° 18' 44.1" W). Two complementary experiments were conducted in late 2018 (E1) and 2020 (E2), each rearing newly fertilized sand lance embryos to hatch over the course of 32-65 days. This dataset includes information on unhatched embryos from the first experiment.
For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/867707NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1536165, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) M17PG001
Human-autonomy teaming for improved diver navigation
Get PDFSubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2022.Diving operations are inherently complex due to navigation and communication limitations. Until recently, fixed-beacon acoustic localization techniques have served as the primary means of improving diver navigation. However, modern artificial intelligence and acoustic modem technologies have enabled accurate relative navigation methods between a diver and an autonomous vehicle.
Human-robot collaboration takes advantage of each member’s strengths to create the most effective team. This concept proves especially advantageous within the ocean domain, where humans are naturally deficient navigators. Yet humans serve as the team’s creative spirit, offering the critical thinking and flexibility needed to succeed in an unpredictable and dynamic environment. Recent underwater human-robot cooperative navigation systems typically rely on autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs), specially designed underwater vehicles, or stereo cameras. This thesis proposes a diver navigation method exhibiting significantly improved accuracy over dead reckoning without relying on a surface presence, cameras, or fixed acoustic beacons. Specifically, we develop and evaluate the communication architecture and autonomous behaviors required to guide a diver to a target location using subsurface humanautonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) teaming with no requirement for ocean current data or exact diver speeds. By depending on acoustic communication and commercial AUV navigation capabilities, our method has increased accessibility, applicability, and robustness over former techniques.
We utilize the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Micromodem 2’s twoway-travel-time (TWTT) capability to enable range-only single-beacon navigation between two kayaks serving as proxies for the diver and Remote Environmental Monitoring Units (REMUS) 100 AUV. During processing, a nonlinear least-squares (NLS) method, called incremental smoothing and mapping 2 (iSAM2), utilizes odometry and range measurements to provide real-time diver position estimates given unknown ocean currents. Field experiments demonstrate an average online endpoint error of 4.53 meters after transits four hundred meters long. Additionally, simulations test our method’s performance in more challenging situations than those experienced in the field. Overall, this research progresses the interoperability of divers and AUVs.The United States Navy funded my graduate education. The Office of Naval Research also partially supported this work under grant N00014-18-1-2832
A pCO2 time series from a SuperCO2 benchtop instrument during an inter-comparison of autonomous in situ instruments for ocean CO2 measurements under laboratory-controlled conditions at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2016
No full textDataset: Inter-comparison 2016: SuperCO2 pCO2This dataset contains pCO2 time series recorded by a benchtop instrumentation, SuperCO2. Data was averaged to a 15-min interval. These data were part of an inter-comparison of autonomous in situ instruments for ocean CO2 measurements under laboratory-controlled conditions at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in August of 2016. These data were published in Shangguan et al. (2022).
For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/870401NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-145925
Alvin model test movies
No full textAlvin model test moviesThe runtime for this video is 01m 27.The items in this collection are embargoed in the system in keeping with copyright requirements. However, they are available to users upon request. Please contact the MBLWHOI Library to access the items at [email protected] of this material was supported by a Recordings at Risk grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The grant program is made possible by funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. CLIR is an independent, nonprofit organization that forges strategies to enhance research, teaching, and learning environments in collaboration with libraries, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning. To learn more, visit www.clir.org and follow CLIR on Facebook and Twitter.2200-01-0
Alvin maneuvering in Woods Hole harbor and Alvin being lifted into Woods Hole Oceanographic dock.
No full textAlvin maneuvering in Woods Hole harbor and Alvin being lifted into Woods Hole Oceanographic dock.The runtime for this video is 02m 49.The items in this collection are embargoed in the system in keeping with copyright requirements. However, they are available to users upon request. Please contact the MBLWHOI Library to access the items at [email protected] of this material was supported by a Recordings at Risk grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The grant program is made possible by funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. CLIR is an independent, nonprofit organization that forges strategies to enhance research, teaching, and learning environments in collaboration with libraries, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning. To learn more, visit www.clir.org and follow CLIR on Facebook and Twitter.2200-01-0
R/V Lulu hoist test of Alvin
No full textR/V Lulu hoist test of AlvinThe runtime for this video is 02m 49.The items in this collection are embargoed in the system in keeping with copyright requirements. However, they are available to users upon request. Please contact the MBLWHOI Library to access the items at [email protected] of this material was supported by a Recordings at Risk grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). The grant program is made possible by funding from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. CLIR is an independent, nonprofit organization that forges strategies to enhance research, teaching, and learning environments in collaboration with libraries, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning. To learn more, visit www.clir.org and follow CLIR on Facebook and Twitter.2200-01-0