Institutional Repository of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS
Not a member yet
13079 research outputs found
Sort by
Increasing food and feed self-sufficiency and avoiding manure N surplus in eastern regions of China through a spatial crop-livestock optimisation model
No full textCONTEXT: As the largest emerging economy globally, China is facing crop-livestock disconnection, which causes unnecessary synthetic fertiliser use, local food and feed unsatisfied demand, and manure nitrogen (N) surplus. OBJECTIVE: We investigated how crop-livestock regional integration combined with inter-regional transportation of food, feed, and manure, can contribute to food self-sufficiency of easter China (whole and regional level) while avoiding manure N excess. We also investigated how this could increase the local soybean production without harming the self-sufficiency of other food commodities. METHODS: We proposed an optimisation model of integrated crop-livestock production in eastern China, including the production of food, feed, and livestock manure N in each region and the demand for food (according to healthy diet recommendations), feed and manure N. We optimised the supplier cost-benefit balance considering food and feed production, domestic transportation, and foreign trade, taking food and feed demand satisfaction and manure N surplus avoidance as constraints. This optimisation exercise was performed under different scenarios: optimisation without soybean subsidies (scenario O), optimisation with increasing soybean subsidies (scenario OS+). The two scenarios were compared with the baseline scenario B (non-optimised without soybean subsidies) using balance indices (BI, the gap between production and demand divided by demand) of food, feed, and manure N and transportation indices. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that, for the whole of eastern China, BI were positive for cereals (1.523), vegetables (2.789), meat (0.002), eggs (0.002), milk (0.102), and maize (0.244), and negative for manure N (-0.016) in scenario O. This indicated that most of the food and feed items except soybean were selfsufficient and manure N surplus was avoided after optimisation. Some regions lowered their self-sufficiency for some commodities. As soybean subsidies increased from 0 Yuan center dot ton-1 to 6000 Yuan center dot ton- 1, the BI of soybeans increased by 66.37%. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggested that crop and livestock can be integrated in China for an improved level of food self-sufficiency and manure N surplus avoidance. However, regional self-sufficiency could not be achieved in all regions for all items, and transportation is necessary. In particular, three strategies seem relevant for policymaking: (i) decreasing livestock quantity, for strengthening feed self-sufficiency and avoiding manure N surplus; (ii) increasing soybean production through subsidies; (iii) reducing regional -level self-sufficiency and increasing the transportation for meat and eggs, which would avoid manure N surplus in densely populated regions, while decreasing the maize transportation
<i>Chlorella emersonii</i> Inoculation Improves Pakchoi Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Through Amending the Rhizosphere Microbial Community
No full textAn experiment of pakchoi after conventional fertilization was conducted with Chlorella emersonii inoculation. The yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and rhizosphere microbial community of pakchoi were investigated, and the relationship among them was also determined. The results showed that C. emersonii inoculation with half dose increased the fresh weight and nitrogen use efficiency of pakchoi by 6.5% and 28.1%, respectively. Rhizosphere microbial community structure after C. emersonii inoculation was distinctly affected, which reflected the higher bacterial alpha diversity and lower fungal alpha diversity, and had positive and negative correlations with pakchoi performance characteristics, respectively. The dominant phyla showed that C. emersonii inoculation significantly increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria for bacteria, however, all fungal abundances also decreased. At a higher classification resolution, C. emersonii inoculation enriched the indigenous Sphingomonas and introduced the nonindigenous Pseudofulvimonas involved in the nitrogen cycle, which might be responsible for the improvement of pakchoi yield by enhancing nitrogen use efficiency. The higher bacterial alpha diversity with enriched Sphingomonas and Pseudofulvimonas might provide a driving force for the greater pakchoi yield and nitrogen use efficiency under the half dose of C. emersonii inoculation compared with the total dose. This study suggested that C. emersonii inoculation improved the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of pakchoi through the amendment of beneficial rhizosphere microflora, especially those related to the nitrogen cycle, and confirmed the positive effectiveness of conventional fertilization regimes together with C. emersonii inoculation on fertilization efficiency and agricultural production
Socioeconomic impacts from coastal flooding in the 21st century China's coastal zone: A coupling analysis between coastal flood risk and socioeconomic development
No full textCoastal flooding due to sea level rise significantly affects socioeconomic development. The dynamic nature of coastal flood risk (CFR) and socioeconomic development level (SDL) leads to uncertainties in understanding their future interplay. This ambiguity challenges coastal nations in devising effective flood adaptation and coastal management strategies. This study quantitatively examines the expected GDP affected (EGA) and population affected (EPA) by coastal flooding in China's coastal zone (CCZ) from 2030 to 2100 under various climate scenarios (RCP2.6-SSP1, RCP4.5-SSP2, and RCP8.5-SSP5). The future SDL in CCZ is assessed using a method combining the analytic hierarchy process with entropy weight. The future CFR-SDL dynamic relationship is analyzed using the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model. The results reveal that in CCZ under the RCP2.6SSP1, RCP4.5-SSP2, and RCP8.5-SSP5 scenarios: by 2100, the EGA and EPA will reach 814.90 billion & 6.17 million people, 828.16 billion & 7.63 million people, and $1568.83 billion & 8.05 million people, respectively, where the coastal cities in Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces will face more obvious risks of socioeconomic losses; The total area in the CCZ at "Very high" and "High" level of socioeconomic development by 2100 is projected to reach 11.33 x 103 km2, 12.86 x 103 km2, and 15.82 x 103 km2, respectively, with the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, and Tianjin-Hebei remaining pivotal for CCZ's socioeconomic growth. Cities such as Lianyungang, Jiaxing, Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Foshan show notable CCD characteristics, and addressing the trade-off between SDL and CFR is crucial in achieving sustainable development. This study highlights the potential socioeconomic impacts of coastal flooding and emphasizes the importance of considering the interrelationship between CFR and SDL when developing coastal flood adaptation policies
High-redox-capacity solid contact based on ferrocenyl self-assembled monolayer functionalized macroporous gold for an all-solid-state carbonate-selective electrode
No full textSolid-contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are a promising tool for direct detection of CO32- activity/concen-tration in seawater. Herein, a stable solid-contact CO32--ISE was fabricated based on ferrocenyl self-assembled monolayer (SAM) functionalized macroporous gold (m-PG). Instead of the commonly used planar electrode, the m-PG film, prepared by using an electrochemical self-templating method involving the gold electrodeposition and hydrogen bubbling generation, is used as the conductive substrate. The redox capacity of the ferrocenyl SAM on the m-PG film is much larger than that on the planar Au electrode, due to the high surface area and good conductivity of m-PG. The solid-contact CO32--ISE based on ferrocenyl SAM modified m-PG shows a Nernstian potential response in the activity range from 2.6 x 10-5 to 5.3 x 10-4 M with a slope of 28.3 +/- 0.4 mV/dec and a detection limit of 1.1 x 10-5 M. The proposed electrode also exhibits a good electrode-to-electrode reproduc-ibility with a standard variation of the standard potential (E0) of 1.5 mV (n = 7), an improved potential stability and a long lifetime up to at least 120 days. The strategy for electrode substrate transformation from planar gold substrate to porous gold substrate provides an alternative way to improve the redox capacities of ferrocenyl SAMs for preparing the stable and reliable solid-contact ISEs
Structural framework for the understanding spectroscopic and functional signatures of the cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein families
No full textThe Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a unique photoreceptor crucial for cyanobacterial photoprotection. Best studied Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 OCP belongs to the large OCP1 family. Downregulated by the Fluorescence Recovery Protein (FRP) in low-light, high-light-activated OCP1 binds to the phycobilisomes and performs non -photochemical quenching. Recently discovered families OCP2 and OCP3 remain structurally and functionally underexplored, and no systematic comparative studies have ever been conducted. Here we present two first crystal structures of OCP2 from morphoecophysiologically different cyanobacteria and provide their comprehensive structural, spectroscopic and functional comparison with OCP1, the recently described OCP3 and all-OCP ancestor. Structures enable correlation of spectroscopic signatures with the effective number of hydrogen and discovered here chalcogen bonds anchoring the ketocarotenoid in OCP, as well as with the rotation of the echinenone's beta-ionone ring in the CTD. Structural data also helped rationalize the observed differences in OCP/ FRP and OCP/phycobilisome functional interactions. These data are expected to foster OCP research and applications in optogenetics, targeted carotenoid delivery and cyanobacterial biomass engineering
Aging in soil increases the disturbance of microplastics to the gut microbiota of soil fauna
No full textMicroplastics (MPs) in the soil environment inevitably experience aging processes. However, how aging in soil affects MP toxicity to soil fauna remains poorly understood. In this study, two types of widely distributed MPs (polypropylene and tire wear particles) were aged in different soils, and their surface properties, morphology, leaching features of additives, biofilm colonization and toxicity to the typical soil fauna Enchytraeus crypticus were investigated. Results showed that aging in soil slightly changed the surface properties and morphology for both types of MPs, but significantly affected the release of additives, especially for those MPs aged in soil amended with manure. Moreover, a distinct and less diverse microbial community than the surrounding soils was formed on the surface of MPs, and MP type was a determinant of the biofilm microbial community. Exposure experiments indicated that aged MPs, especially those aged in soil with manure significantly affected the reproduction of soil worms with a more obvious disturbance to their gut microbiota, and biofilm features and changes in the leaching properties of MPs during aging were the main factors for these shifts. This study is the first attempt to reveal the role of aging in soil in MP toxicity to soil fauna
Shining light on carbon dots: Toward enhanced antibacterial activity for biofilm disruption
No full textIn spite of tremendous efforts dedicated to addressing bacterial infections and biofilm formation, the post-antibiotic ear continues to witness a gap between the established materials and an easily accessible yet biocompatible antibacterial reagent. Here we show carbon dots (CDs) synthesized via a single hydrothermal process can afford promising antibacterial activity that can be further enhanced by exposure to light. By using citric acid and polyethyleneimine as the precursors, the photoluminescence CDs can be produced within a one-pot, one-step hydrothermal reaction in only 2 h. The CDs demonstrate robust antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and, notably, a considerable enhancement of antibacterial effect can be observed upon photo-irradiation. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) when exposed to light, leading to an augmented reactive oxygen species level. The approach for disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation by using the CDs has also been established. Our findings present a potential solution to combat antibacterial resistance and offer a path to reduce dependence on traditional antibiotics.
Shining carbon dots (CDs) produced by a single-step hydrothermal method can afford enhanced antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) under light irradiation, contributing to an augmented ROS level, facilitating disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation. imag
Shining light on carbon dots: Toward enhanced antibacterial activity for biofilm disruption
No full textIn spite of tremendous efforts dedicated to addressing bacterial infections and biofilm formation, the post-antibiotic ear continues to witness a gap between the established materials and an easily accessible yet biocompatible antibacterial reagent. Here we show carbon dots (CDs) synthesized via a single hydrothermal process can afford promising antibacterial activity that can be further enhanced by exposure to light. By using citric acid and polyethyleneimine as the precursors, the photoluminescence CDs can be produced within a one-pot, one-step hydrothermal reaction in only 2 h. The CDs demonstrate robust antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and, notably, a considerable enhancement of antibacterial effect can be observed upon photo-irradiation. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) when exposed to light, leading to an augmented reactive oxygen species level. The approach for disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation by using the CDs has also been established. Our findings present a potential solution to combat antibacterial resistance and offer a path to reduce dependence on traditional antibiotics.
Shining carbon dots (CDs) produced by a single-step hydrothermal method can afford enhanced antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) under light irradiation, contributing to an augmented ROS level, facilitating disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation. imag
Occurrence and possible sources of antibiotic resistance genes in seawater of the South China Sea
No full textAntibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) might have great effect on ecological security and human health. Oceans are important reservoirs that receive tremendous amounts of pollutants globally. However, information on the proliferation of ARGs in seawater is still limited. This study performed field sampling to investigate the occurrence and distribution of ARGs in seawater of the South China Sea, which is the deepest and largest sea in China. The results showed that the total absolute abundances of ARGs in seawater samples ranged from 2.1 x 103 to 2.3 x 104 copies/mL, with an of 5.0 x 103 copies/mL and a range of 2.2 x 103-1.8 x 104 copies/mL for those with mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Genes resistant to multidrug, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolone antibiotics accounted for 77.3%-88.6% of total ARGs in seawater. Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria represented 32.1%-56.2% and 30.4%-49.5% of microbial community, respectively. Prochlorococcus_MIT9313 and Clade_la were the prevalent genera in seawater of the South China Sea. Complex co-occurrence relationship existed among ARGs, MGEs, and bacteria. Anthropogenic activities had critical influence on ARGs and MGEs. Hospital wastewater, wastewater treatment plant effluent, sewage, aquaculture tailwater, and runoff were determined as the important sources of ARGs in seawater of the South China Sea based on positive matrix factorization analysis
Shining light on carbon dots: Toward enhanced antibacterial activity for biofilm disruption
No full textIn spite of tremendous efforts dedicated to addressing bacterial infections and biofilm formation, the post-antibiotic ear continues to witness a gap between the established materials and an easily accessible yet biocompatible antibacterial reagent. Here we show carbon dots (CDs) synthesized via a single hydrothermal process can afford promising antibacterial activity that can be further enhanced by exposure to light. By using citric acid and polyethyleneimine as the precursors, the photoluminescence CDs can be produced within a one-pot, one-step hydrothermal reaction in only 2 h. The CDs demonstrate robust antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and, notably, a considerable enhancement of antibacterial effect can be observed upon photo-irradiation. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) when exposed to light, leading to an augmented reactive oxygen species level. The approach for disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation by using the CDs has also been established. Our findings present a potential solution to combat antibacterial resistance and offer a path to reduce dependence on traditional antibiotics.
Shining carbon dots (CDs) produced by a single-step hydrothermal method can afford enhanced antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Mechanistic insights reveal that the CDs generate singlet oxygen (1O2) under light irradiation, contributing to an augmented ROS level, facilitating disruption of biofilms and inhibition of biofilm formation. imag