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Ocean acidification aggravates the toxicity of deltamethrin in<i> Haliotis</i><i> discus</i><i> hannai:</i> Insights from immune response, histopathology and physiological responses
No full textOcean acidification (OA) and other environmental factors can collectively affect marine organisms. Deltamethrin (DM), a type II pyrethroid insecticide, has been widely detected in coastal and estuarine areas, while little attention has been given to the combined effects of DM and OA. In this study, Haliotis discus hannai was exposed to three pH levels (8.1, 7.7 and 7.4) and three DM nominal concentrations (0 mu g/L, 0.6 mu g/L and 6 mu g/L) for 14 and 28 days. The results indicated that experimental acidification and/or DM exposure led to impaired immune function and pathological damage. Additionally, acidified conditions and DM exposure induced oxidative stress, and gills are more sensitive than digestive glands. With increasing p CO 2 and DM nominal concentrations, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased, whereas catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities increased in the gills. Moreover, the expression levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway-related genes were upregulated after exposure. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis proved that acidified conditions and/or DM detrimentally affected the overall fitness of H. discus hannai, and co-exposure to experimental acidification and DM was the most stressful condition. This study emphasizes the necessity of incorporating OA in future pollutant environmental assessments to better elucidate the risks of environmental disturbance
Soil microbial carbon use efficiency and the constraints
No full textBackgroundMicrobial contributions to soil organic carbon formation have received increasing attention, and microbial carbon use efficiency is positively correlated with soil organic carbon storage.MainbodyThis work reviews the impact on microbial carbon use efficiency from six constraints, including plant community composition and diversity, soil pH, substrate quality, nutrient availability and stoichiometric ratios, soil texture and aggregates, water and thermal constraints, and external nutrient inputs. In general, the response of microbial carbon use efficiency showed large uncertainty to above constraints, including positive-, negative-, or non-correlation. However, some factors are biased, more likely to promote or inhibit carbon use efficiency. For example, external nutrient input (N, P, K, Ca) tended to promote carbon use efficiency, while climate warming showed more negative influence.ConclusionFurther, overwhelming works focused on single constraint, we suggest the importance to consider the synergistic influence of multiple environmental variables on microbial carbon use efficiency, special for the regulation mechanism of biological-environmental interactions
A chitosan oligosaccharide organic acid derivative and its preparation and application
No full text本发明属于农业生产、农药制备领域，具体涉及一种壳寡糖有机酸衍生物及其制备和应用。壳寡糖有机酸衍生物为式一所示化合物。本发明衍生物具有突出的灰葡萄孢菌抑制活性，相较于苯甲酸类原料，衍生物的水溶性也有明显提升，在农业领域具有较大应用价值。式一
A metabolomics-based fast-growing strain breeding method for unicinctus unicinctus
No full text本发明提供一种基于代谢组学的单环刺螠速生品系选育方法，属水产新品种创制领域。通过对比同批次生长速率差异个体体壁组织代谢物的异同，筛选出与速生相关的差异代谢物。以此作为指标选育速生群体。本发明的选育方法与常规迭代选育相比，选育速度大幅加快，为单环刺螠新品系选育和新品种开发提供了新路径
An ester-terminated polyethersulfone block copolymer and its preparation method and use
No full text本发明提供了一种酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物及其制备方法和用途，属于聚醚砜嵌段共聚物技术领域。本发明通过双酚S和双(4‑氟苯基)砜聚合制备得到聚醚砜，并通过引入2‑溴异丁酰溴对所述聚醚砜进行封端，得到了改性聚醚砜，再通过丙烯酸酯单体与所述改性聚醚砜的聚合制备得到酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物，所述酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物的分子量高，分子量分布均匀，因此制备出的超滤膜强度高，且超滤膜的选择透过性好、水通量高，在过滤海水后水中的生化需氧量、总悬浮物、溶解氧及大肠菌群数低，说明超滤膜的分离效果好
An ACE inhibitory peptide and its preparation method and application
No full text本发明涉及生物活性肽技术领域。本发明提供了一种ACE抑制肽及其制备方法和应用。本发明通过葡聚糖Sephadex G‑25凝胶层析方法，对金枪鱼肽粉进行分离纯化，选取活性最佳组分进行氨基酸序列鉴定，筛选出具有ACE抑制活性的新氨基酸序列；本发明制备的ACE抑制肽LTFSY、STHPHF降压活性突出、生物安全性好，其IC50值为20.72μg/mL、30.71μg/mL，比现有大部分ACE抑制肽活性更高；通过分子对接等现代手段初步评价其构效关系，并通过细胞实验验证其跨膜转运机制，提高了该ACE抑制肽在慢性病治疗领域的应用价值
Nonfluorescent Near-Infrared Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Nanoprobes with Ultrahigh Brightness and Synergistic Photothermal Effect
No full textNear-infrared (NIR) surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERRS) nanoprobes have found wide applications in biomedicine; however, almost all of these nanoprobes are fluorescent because the resonant Raman dyes used cannot be fully quenched onto the underlying plasmonic nanoparticles. Therefore, suppressing the fluorescence backgrounds in resonant Raman spectroscopy imaging is extremely important. In this work, we use a black hole quencher, IQ1, as a Raman dye to develop absolutely nonfluorescent NIR resonant SERRS NPs. Ultrafast spectroscopy clarifies that the nonfluorescent mechanism of the dyes is attributed to the ultrafast internal conversion at the subpicosecond scale, which quenches the fluorescence of excited states. The resultant nanoprobes exhibit zero fluorescent background, femtomolar-level sensitivity (100 fM) as well as superb photostability (tau = 10006 s) without fluorescence photobleaching, outperforming that of fluorescent counterparts. More importantly, the SERRS NPs show a synergistic photothermal effect originating from the dye molecule-plasmon interactions, achieving a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 64.94%. Featuring these excellent properties, these SERRS NPs allow for longitudinally photostable cellular imaging and enhanced photothermal elimination of cancer cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of absolutely nonfluorescent NIR SERRS NPs, opening up promising applications for improved phototheranostics
Adsorption and desorption of nonylphenol on the biodegradable microplastics in seawater
No full textBiodegradable plastics have been widely used and their interaction with endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment is worth exploring. This study selected poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), poly (butylene succinate), polylactic acid (PLA) and a non-biodegradable microplastics (PE) as control to explore the adsorptiondesorption behavior of nonylphenol (NP) on the biodegradable microplastics in seawater. The adsorption capacity of NP on PLA (60.78 mu g g- 1) was approximately 50% lower than that on PE (116.53 mu g g- 1) which was the non-biodegradable microplastic control. Almost all biodegradable microplastics showed negligible desorption capacity compared to PE, indicating a lower environmental risk of biodegradable microplastics. The pH could influence the interaction between the NP and biodegradable microplastics through the formation of hydrogen bonds. The adsorption-desorption capacity of microplastics might increase at the condition of the high salinity and seawater erosion. Physical adsorption was the major adsorption processes based on the Gibbs free energy changes that calculated. The adsorption mechanism of microplastics was determined by calculating the crystallinity of microplastics, simulating the surface electrostatic potential of microplastics and conducting hydrophilicity tests of microplastics. The adsorption and desorption capacities of NP on biodegradable microplastics were mainly influenced by various mechanisms, including the crystallinity of the microplastics, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effects. These results will offer new perspectives on the interaction between biodegradable microplastics and NP in the ocean
A water body sample grading treatment device
No full text本实用新型公开了一种水体样品分级处理装置，属于水样采集及处理技术领域，多级过滤装置、样品瓶、蠕动泵、截止阀组件和控制系统，其中多级过滤装置为过滤精度依次升高的四个级别的过滤器；样品瓶为四个；蠕动泵配置成将由一级过滤器过滤后水样泵入至所述水体样品分级处理装置中其他部件中的动力装置；截止阀组用于控制水样是否进入各级过滤器及各级样品瓶；控制系统用于控制蠕动泵启停以及控制第一截止阀组、第二截止阀组和第三截止阀组内各截止阀按照预设要求开闭。本实用新型可以实现现场环境水体样品的自动采集和自动分级处理，得到不同过滤精度的水体样品，提高了样品的采集及处理效率
An ester-terminated polyethersulfone block copolymer and its preparation method and use
No full text本发明提供了一种酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物及其制备方法和用途，属于聚醚砜嵌段共聚物技术领域。本发明通过双酚S和双(4‑氟苯基)砜聚合制备得到聚醚砜，并通过引入2‑溴异丁酰溴对所述聚醚砜进行封端，得到了改性聚醚砜，再通过丙烯酸酯单体与所述改性聚醚砜的聚合制备得到酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物，所述酯基封端的聚醚砜嵌段共聚物的分子量高，分子量分布均匀，因此制备出的超滤膜强度高，且超滤膜的选择透过性好、水通量高，在过滤海水后水中的生化需氧量、总悬浮物、溶解氧及大肠菌群数低，说明超滤膜的分离效果好