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The Education and Exclusion of Heathcliff: a lesson on ‘looked after’ and ‘previously looked after’ children in schools from nineteenth century literature
Get PDFChildren who are currently, or were previously, ‘looked after’ by the state, are educationally disadvantaged, with exclusion rates historically higher than in other groups in the UK. A conventional way of thinking about these children is that they have been affected by trauma and attachment issues in their early years, and that they import their problems into a neutral educational space. A less conventional explanation would be that the school itself is a key player in the production of problematic behaviours and identities that individual children may exhibit. This article attempts to demonstrate how the identity of the excluded care experienced child is formed by the discursive practices of the learning community. We ask: what are the micro-processes and cultural assumptions that might contribute to the levels of exclusion? Emily Brontë’s novel Wuthering Heights provides an interrogative framework. It is argued that the learning environment is far from neutral, and that the young Heathcliff is framed by the discursive practices of those who tell his story, most notably those who teach him whether formally or informally. By presenting this stark, fictional example, it is hoped that the ‘normal’ practices of the contemporary school can be defamiliarized and reconsidered
Synthesis, crystal structure, and characterization of Na2SrV4O12: A low‐firing dielectric vanadate
Get PDFIn this work, cyclotetravanadate Na2SrV4O12 was synthesized at a relatively low sintering temperature of ∼ 500 ° C using a solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope characterization featured a tetragonal structure that was built by a 3D frame of isolated tetracyclic (V4O12)4−. Dielectric measurements demonstrated strong dependence on frequency and temperature. A low relative permittivity of εr ∼ 8 ± 0.2 and a dielectric (loss tanδ) ∼ 0.4 ± 0.01 was achieved at a frequency of 10 kHz and room temperature. ac impedance and conductivity analysis revealed a thermally activated migration behavior of charge carriers with a short-range hopping feature. XPS analysis validated the existence of oxygen vacancy and reduction in vanadium (from V5+ to V4+), which gave rise to charged lattice defects. The migration or hopping of such charged defects was responsible for the observed electrical behaviors. Owing to the simple composition, inexpensive raw materials, and low density (2.99 g/cm3) make Na2SrV4O12 ceramic a potential candidate for lightweight devices and in photocatalytic degradation and all-solid-state ion batteries
Does acupuncture improve overactive bladder symptoms? A protocol for a qualitative study to explore patient experiences of receiving acupuncture for OAB symptoms
Get PDFOveractive bladder (OAB) affects around 12% of the adult population and is the subject of thousands of studies. Qualitative studies of OAB are less common and the patient voice is rarely heard. This protocol outlines the theoretical framework underpinning the study and defines the methodology that will be used to investigate the lived experience of OAB and choices regarding treatment options. This study will reference the patient experience of receiving acupuncture for OAB symptoms, a novel treatment with a growing evidence base. This is the first study to address patient experience related to acupuncture for OAB and may produce information of use to people with OAB, clinicians and those developing new pathways of care
Distance Laplacian spectral ordering of sun type graphs
Get PDFLet G be a simple, connected graph of order n. Its distance Laplacian energy DLE(G) is given by [Formula presented], where ρ1L≥ρ2L≥⋯≥ρnL are the distance Laplacian eigenvalues and W(G) is the Wiener index of G. Distance Laplacian eigenvalues of sun and partial sun graphs have been characterized. We order the partial sun graphs by using their second largest distance Laplacian eigenvalue. Moreover, the distance Laplacian energy of sun and partial sun graphs have been derived in this paper. These graphs are also ordered by using their distance Laplacian energies
Evaluation of Palm Kernel Oil as Cutting Lubricant in Turning AISI 1039 Steel Using Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis Optimization Technique
Get PDFCutting fluids have a known negative impact on productivity, human health, and the environment in the manufacturing sector. A suitable method for reducing the effect of cutting fluids on human health and the environment is minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). In this experiment, AISI 1039 steel was machined using vegetable oil lubricant and MQL. A chemical method was used to extract vegetable oil from palm kernel seeds. Then, using established techniques, the physicochemical and lubricity properties of palm kernel oil (PKO) were ascertained. The Taguchi L9 (33) orthogonal array served as the basis for the planning of the experimental design. Process parameters such as surface roughness, chip thickness ratio, cutting temperature, and material removal rate were measured during the turning operations. The multi-response outputs from TGRA were considered to simultaneously optimize the cutting parameters namely depth of cut, feed rate, and spindle speed. At a temperature of 55°C, 180 minutes, and particle sizes of 0.2 to 0.5 mm, an oil yield of 55 by weight was obtained. The viscosity at 40°C, specific gravity, pour, fire, cloud, and flash points of the raw PKO were 117.6 mm2/s, 0.8940 mg/ml, 21°C, 231°C, 22.3℃ and 227°C, respectively. The surface roughness and cutting temperature of PKO improved by 44 and 12, respectively, when compared with mineral oil. The findings of this research confirmed the effectiveness of the integrated Taguchi-grey relational analysis (TGRA) optimization method and established an experimental foundation for the use of PKO minimum quantity lubrication turning
Modelling Employability Through Clinical Legal Education: Building Confidence and Professional Identity
Get PDFAs the graduate recruitment market becomes increasingly competitive, gaining insight into the types of activity valued by students and employers to enhance employability is crucial to shape the employability agenda. This article reports on the findings of an innovative empirical study, designed to answer the research question, “What are the perceptions of alumni and employers of the impact of Clinical Legal Education (CLE) on employability”. This research makes an original and significant contribution to knowledge and academic practice from its novel conclusions and through capturing and articulating stakeholder voices that are underrepresented in the literature. Namely alumni from less privileged backgrounds studying at a post-1992 university and employers who recruit and employ graduates with CLE experiences. From analysis of twenty-two semi-structured interviews, the data revealed that the alumni lacked confidence prior to engaging with CLE and evidenced for the first time that CLE enhanced employability by increasing confidence and inculcating a professional identity. This article makes recommendations and reveals a bespoke employability model to be used with CLE students to instruct them on the impact of CLE on employability. The model can be used to enrich the student experience through clear signposting of the benefits and purpose of CLE from an employability perspective
Bring on The Parade: Queer Cinema, Memories of War and Transnationalism in Srđan Dragojević’s Parada (2011)
Get PDFThis article examines Srđan Dragojević’s film The Parade (Parada), a co-production between Serbia, Croatia, North Macedonia, Monte Negro, Slovenia and the Council of Europe, analysing how it engages with both queer rights and nationalist memory narratives. The Parade was released in 2011, a year after an anti-gay riot led to more than 100 people being injured at Belgrade Pride. In spite of these events, Dragojević’s comedy-drama and its depiction of an unlikely friendship between a homophobic criminal and a gay veterinarian became a box-office hit both in Serbia and in neighbouring countries. This popularity is all the more interesting due to how the film depicts not only LGBTQI activism, but also the history of the break-up of Yugoslavia and the question of transnational solidarity. In doing so, The Parade is emblematic of other queer films produced in the region, with works such as the Croatian Fine Dead Girls and The Constitution, the Bosnian Go West and the Slovenian Guardian of the Frontier also thematising homophobic prejudice in conjunction with nationalism and memories of war. Drawing on this, this article examines how The Parade and other films in the region such as Rajko Grlić’s The Constitution address queer identity, memory and (trans)nationalism
Digitally deployed, GP remote consultation video intervention that aims to reduce opioid prescribing in primary care: protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Opioid prescribing rates are disproportionately high in the North of England. In addition to patients' complex health needs, clinician prescribing behaviour is also a key driver. Although strategies have been initiated to reduce opioid prescribing nationally, the COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted service provision and created challenges for the system and health professionals to tackle this complex issue. A pilot intervention using smartphone video messaging has been developed to remotely explain the rationale for opioid reduction and facilitate self-initiation of support. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential benefits, risks and economic consequences of 'at scale' implementation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This will be a mixed-methods study comprising a quasi-experimental non-randomised before-and-after study and qualitative interviews. The intervention arm will comprise 50 General Practitioner (GP) Practices using System 1 (a clinical computer system hosting the intervention) who will deliver the video to their patients via text message. The control arm will comprise 50 practices using EMIS (a different computer system) who will continue usual care. Monthly practice level prescribing and consultation data will be observed for 6 months postintervention. A general linear model will be used to estimate the association between the exposure and the main outcome (opioid prescribing; average daily quantity (ADQ)/1000 specific therapeutic group age-sex related prescribing unit). Semi-structured interviews will be undertaken remotely with purposively selected participants including patients who received the video, and health professionals involved in sending out the videos and providing additional support. Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval has been granted by the NHS Health Research Authority Research Ethics Committee (22/PR/0296). Findings will be disseminated to the participating sites, participants, and commissioners, and in peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05276089
Effectiveness of Self-guided Tailored Implementation Strategies in Integrating and Embedding Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Routine Mental Health Care: Results of a Multicenter Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) services for common mental health disorders have been found to be effective. There is a need for strategies that improve implementation in routine practice. One-size-fits-all strategies are likely to be ineffective. Tailored implementation is considered as a promising approach. The self-guided integrated theory-based Framework for intervention tailoring strategies toolkit (ItFits-toolkit) supports local implementers in developing tailored implementation strategies. Tailoring involves identifying local barriers; matching selected barriers to implementation strategies; developing an actionable work plan; and applying, monitoring, and adapting where necessary. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the ItFits-toolkit with implementation-as-usual (IAU) in implementing iCBT services in 12 routine mental health care organizations in 9 countries in Europe and Australia. METHODS: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial design with repeated measures was applied. The trial period lasted 30 months. The primary outcome was the normalization of iCBT delivery by service providers (therapists, referrers, IT developers, and administrators), which was measured with the Normalization Measure Development as a proxy for implementation success. A 3-level linear mixed-effects modeling was applied to estimate the effects. iCBT service uptake (referral and treatment completion rates) and implementation effort (hours) were used as secondary outcomes. The perceived satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire), usability (System Usability Scale), and impact of the ItFits-toolkit by implementers were used to assess the acceptability of the ItFits-toolkit. RESULTS: In total, 456 mental health service providers were included in this study. Compared with IAU, the ItFits-toolkit had a small positive statistically significant effect on normalization levels in service providers (mean 0.09, SD 0.04; P=.02; Cohen d=0.12). The uptake of iCBT by patients was similar to that of IAU. Implementers did not spend more time on implementation work when using the ItFits-toolkit and generally regarded the ItFits-toolkit as usable and were satisfied with it. CONCLUSIONS: The ItFits-toolkit performed better than the usual implementation activities in implementing iCBT services in routine practice. There is practical utility in the ItFits-toolkit for supporting implementers in developing and applying effective tailored implementation strategies. However, the effect on normalization levels among mental health service providers was small. These findings warrant modesty regarding the effectiveness of self-guided tailored implementation of iCBT services in routine practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03652883; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03652883. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1186/s13063-020-04686-4