Institutional Repository of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS
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蜑螺属Nerita几个混淆种的比较研究(腹足纲,珍珠蜑螺目,蜑螺科)
No full text蜑螺科Neritidae蜑螺属Nerita的一些种类形态近似,形态鉴定上存在种类混淆、同物异名或错误鉴定等现象。作者在整理中国科学院南海海洋生物标本馆和中国科学院海洋生物标本馆历年来采集的蜑螺科标本时,对4种隶属于蜑螺属的易混淆种进行了比较研究。通过对标本的反复对比,分别找出了它们之间外部形态、地理分布以及生活习性方面的差异,澄清了混淆,确立了其分类地位:1)矮狮蜑螺Nerita chamaeleon Linnaeus,1758和圆蜑螺Nerita histrio Linnaeus,1758两者贝壳形态相近,在我国海区分布重叠,存在混淆以及错误鉴定的现象,根据螺旋部以及壳面雕刻可将它们区分开,即前者壳面螺肋光滑,后者螺肋粗糙,而前者螺旋部较后者高;2)锦蜑螺Nerita polita Linnaeus,1758和杂色蜑螺Nerita litterata Gmelin,1791两个种常被混淆在一起,都鉴定为锦蜑螺,前者在我国见于台湾、海南岛和西沙群岛,后者在我国见于台湾、福建、广东、广西和西沙群岛,其中杂色蜑螺此前在我国仅见于台湾,本文的报道进一步完善了该种的地理分布信息
深海真菌Dichotomomyces cejpii胶霉毒素生物合成基因启动子的克隆和功能鉴定
No full text利用染色体步移技术对深海真菌Dichotomomyces cejpii中胶霉毒素的生物合成基因Gli G、Gli I和Gli O启动子进行克隆,并将其核心区域导入p GL3-basic荧光素酶报告基因载体,通过荧光强度分析发现Gli G的启动子转录活性最强。进一步将Gli G启动子核心区域导入含潮霉素抗性标记的p AN7-1载体,以替换原有启动子pgpd A,并将重组质粒导入酿酒酵母,用潮霉素抗性平板进行筛选,发现Gli G启动子能在酿酒酵母中启动潮霉素抗性基因的表达
营养盐限制对利玛原甲藻生长和产毒的影响
No full text通过设定氮限制(1/2N,1/4N,1/8N,1/16N,1/32N)和磷限制(1/2P,1/4P,1/8P,1/16P,1/32P),对1株来自三亚海域的热带利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)生长和产毒的影响进行研究。结果表明,低氮、磷水平严重限制P.lima生长,随着营养盐水平的降低,细胞产量、生长速率和单位体积叶绿素a含量等生长指标下降。对残留N、P营养盐检测分析的结果表明,N限制条件下,氮、磷残留量均很低(
Arsenic speciation in wild marine organisms and a health risk assessment in a subtropical bay of China
No full textThe total arsenic (As) and As species were analyzed in 19 species of wild marine organisms collected from 12 locations in Daya Bay, China; additionally, both the levels of As in the seawater and sediments and the salinitywere investigated. The greatest level of As was found in crabs (13.4-35.1 mu g/g), followed by shrimps (8.52-27.6 mu g/g), benthic fish (3.45-28.6 mu g/g), and pelagic fish (1.22-5.23 mu g/g). There were significantly positive correlations between the As concentrations in the benthic fish Callionymus richardsonii/shrimp Metapenaeopsis palmensis and those in sediments, indicating that As levels in them were highly dependent on those in the sediments. Arsenobetaine (AsB) (87.3-99.8%) was the most dominant form of As found in all marine organisms. In benthic fish and shrimp, the bioaccumulation of As, especially AsB, was positively correlated with the salinity of the seawater, indicating that the salinity could control the transfer of As. The calculated hazard quotients (HQs) of the inorganic As in the marine organisms were all <1; thus, there was no apparent health hazard through the consumption of wild marine organisms. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
New tetramic acid derivatives from the deep-sea-derived fungus Cladosporium sp SCSIO z0025
No full textEight new tetramic acid derivatives, cladosporiumins A-H (1-8) were isolated from a culture broth of Cladosporium sp. SCSIO z0025 derived from the deep-sea sediment collected from Okinawa Trough. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 1-3 were unique 3acyltetramic acids with a hexyl enic alcohol side chain and a six-membered lactone ring substituted at C-3 of the 2, 4-pyrrolidinedione skeleton. The absolute configurations of chiral carbons of the 2, 4pyrrolidinedione unit in 1-4 and 7 were established by quantum chemical calculations of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. And the absolute configurations of chiral carbons of the sixmembered lactone ring in 1-3 were established by density functional theory calculation of their C-13 NMR chemical shifts. In addition, all the compounds were tested for cytotoxic, antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and AchE inhibitory activities. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All(C)rights reserved
A Phylogenomic and Molecular Markers Based Analysis of the Class Acidimicrobiia
No full textRecent metagenomic surveys of microbial community suggested that species associated with the class Acidimicrobiia are abundant in diverse aquatic environments such as acidic mine water, waste water sludge, freshwater, or marine habitats, but very few species have been cultivated and characterized. The current taxonomic framework of Acidimicrobiia is solely based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis of few cultivable representatives, and no molecular, biochemical, or physiological characteristics are known that can distinguish species of this class from the other bacteria. This study reports the phylogenomic analysis for 20 sequenced members of this class and reveals another three major lineages in addition to the two recognized families. Comparative analysis of the sequenced Acidimicrobiia species identified 15 conserved signature indels (CSIs) in widely distributed proteins and 26 conserved signature proteins (CSPs) that are either specific to this class as a whole or to its major lineages. This study represents the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the class Acidimicrobiia and the identified CSIs and CSPs provide useful molecular markers for the identification and delineation of species belonging to this class or its subgroups
Eurotiumins A-E, Five New Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Eurotium sp SCSIO F452
No full textThree new prenylated indole 2,5-diketopiperazine alkaloids (1-3) with nine known ones (5-13), one new indole alkaloid (4), and one new bis-benzyl pyrimidine derivative (14) were isolated and characterized from the marine-derived fungus Eurotium sp. SCSIO F452. 1 and 2, occurring as a pair of diastereomers, both presented a hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b] indole skeleton. Their chemical structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism, and single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Most isolated compounds were screened for antioxidative potency. Compounds 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12 showed significant radical scavenging activities against DPPH with IC50 values of 13, 19, 4, 3, 24, 13, and 18 mu M, respectively. Five new compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activities
Phytoplankton responses to aluminum enrichment in the South China Sea
No full textCompared to extensive studies reporting the aluminum (Al) toxicity to terrestrial plants and freshwater organisms, very little is known about how marine phytoplankton responds to Al in the field. Here we report the marine phytoplankton responses to Al enrichment in the South China Sea (SCS) using on-deck bottle incubation experiments during eight cruises from May 2010 to November 2013. Generally, Al addition alone enhanced the growth of diatom and Trichodesmium, and nitrogen fixation, but it inhibited the growth of dinoflagellates and Synechococcus. Nevertheless, Al addition alone did not influence the chlorophyll a concentration of the entire phytoplankton assemblages. By adding nitrate and phosphate simultaneously, Al enrichment led to substantial increases in chlorophyll a concentration (especially that of the picophytoplankton < 3 mu m), and cell abundances of diatom and photosynthetic picoeukaryotes. These results indicate varied responses of phytoplankton in different size fractions and taxonomic groups to Al enrichment. Further, by simultaneously adding different macronutrients and/or sufficient trace metals including iron, we found that the phytoplankton responses to Al enrichment were relevant to nutrients coexisting in the environment. Al enrichment may give some phytoplankton a competitive edge over using nutrients, especially the limited ones. The possible influences of Al on the competitors and grazers (predators) of some phytoplankton might indirectly contribute to the positive responses of the phytoplankton to Al enrichment. Our results indicate that Al may influence marine carbon cycle by impacting phytoplankton growth and structure in natural seawater
Protective Effects of Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with Crassostrea hongkongensis Polysaccharides Against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Damage in Rats
No full textChemotherapeutics, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), often damage the intestinal mucosal barrier and cause intestinal mucositis (IM). Supplementation with immunoregulatory polysaccharides from Crassostrea hongkongensis has been shown to positively influence the effectiveness and toxicity of 5-FU. Therefore, we studied the effects of oyster polysaccharides on 5-FU-induced intestinal mucosal damage in rats. The C30-60% ethanol-precipitated fraction of polysaccharides promoted IEC-6 cell proliferation and exhibited a maximal effect at a 0.0195 mg/mL concentration. Moreover, treatment with C30-60% polysaccharide-based nutrition formula (OPNF) partially prevented the 5-FU-induced degenerative changes in the histology and ultrastructure of small intestinal mucosa. In addition, the endotoxin level of rats fed with 5-FU and OPNF decreased to the normal control level. Furthermore, the 5-FU-induced increase of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-2 and the decrease of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level in the peripheral blood were significantly attenuated by OPNF administration. In conclusion, Oyster C30-60% polysaccharides can ameliorate 5-FU-induced IM by partially preventing mucosal damage, reducing inflammation, and promoting immunity
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pelates quadrilineatus (Perciformes: Terapontidae)
No full textThe complete mitochondrial genome of marine fish Pelates quadrilineatus was sequenced by the high throughput sequencing method. This genome was 16,823 by in length, consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and one large non-coding region. The gene arrangement of P. quadrilineatus is identical to those of other fishes. Phylogenetic tree based on 13 protein coding genes shows that Terapontidae has a closer phylogenetic relationship to Pentacerotidae than to Chaetodontidae