Institutional Repository of Institute of Process Engineering, CAS (IPE-IR）
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Self-deployed Projects of Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China[E055A002]
No full textThe simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2 from flue gas by direct injection of sorbents in furnace of waste incinerator
No full textA effective pollution source control technology (called SDNS) has been developed to simultaneously remove NOx and SO2 from flue gas by direct injection of fine denitration (DeNO(x)) and desulfuration (DeSO(x)) agents (named DNS and DSS, respectively) into the furnace of 300 t.d(-1) waste incinerator. 75 % DeNO(x) efficiency and 95 % DeSO(x) efficiency could be acquired by simultaneous injection of 0.4 g.m(-3) DNS and 0.6 g.m(-3) DSS, and the SDNS system can run steadily with less than 80 mg.m 3 NOx and 10 mg.m(-3) SO2 left in flue gas, which can be comparable with the complex and expensive tail-end purification processes of flue gas. The interaction and interspersion between the active components and the polymer in DNS and DSS facilitate their high reactivity with NOx and SO2 at high temperatures, and the synergistic effect between DNS and DSS in furnace further decreases their consumption. The composition analysis of ash demonstrates that the majority of injected fine DNS and DSS particles flowed out with the flue gas, and only a fraction of them was left in furnace. In addition, the simple SDNS process can not only lower the sorbent consumption but also cut down two-thirds of the investment and operating costs compared with the traditional DeNO(x) and DeSO(x) process. The demonstrated technological and economic advantages of the SDNS process signify its promising application prospect for the source control of NOx and SO2 emissions from small and medium-sized waste incineration projects
Effect of mesoscale structures on solid phase stress in gas-solid flows
No full textSolid phase stress plays an important role in hydrodynamic modeling and simulations of gas-solid flows. However, heterogeneous gas-solid flows are typically regarded as homogeneous systems. Their solid phase stresses are usually calculated by the classical kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) without considering mesoscale structures, which is a major source of inaccuracies. This work investigates the effect of mesoscale structures in gas-solid flows via a dilute-dense two-phase partition, and proposes a phase-specific model to predict solid phase stress. Subsequently, the sensitive of threshold for phase partition is discussed, and a specific threshold is utilized in the proposed model to investigate the effect of mesoscale structures on solid phase stress with large-scale particle-resolved direct numerical simulation (PR-DNS) data. Numerical results show that classical KTGF underestimates the solid phase stress due to the ignorance of these structures
Incorporating 2D gamma-Al2O3 nanosheets into the flexible PEO-based solid electrolyte for lithium metal batteries
No full textSolid polymer electrolytes using polyethylene oxide (PEO) are promising for boosting the safety of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), but suffer from low ionic conductivity due to high crystallinity and poor segment motion of PEO. Adding plasticizers like succinonitrile (SN) is one of the solutions to improve the ionic conductivity of PEO, but it sacrifices the cycle performances of LMBs. In addition, the ability to conduct lithium ions of PEO-SN matrixes is yet to be improved. Herein, two-dimensional gamma-Al2O3 nanosheets are first introduced into the PEO-SN matrix to facilitate the long-range migration of lithium ions and improve the electrochemical properties of PEO-SN matrix, realizing the new design of traditional materials. The mechanism between gamma-Al2O3 nanosheets and the polymer matrix is discussed. The addition of gamma-Al2O3 nanosheets improves the ionic conductivities and cycle performances of PEO-LiTFSI-SN (PLS) electrolytes. In specific, the ionic conductivity at 25 degrees C of the PEO-LiTFSI-SN-Al2O3 nanosheet (PLS-A) electrolyte is up to 2.02 x 10-4 S cm-1. Meanwhile, the electrochemical properties of Li/PLS-A/LiFePO4 are tested, with a low overpotential change of 0.06 V, coulombic efficiency above 99.6%, and capacity retention of 95% at 0.5C and 60 degrees C after 50 cycles. The solid electrolyte system provides a feasible strategy for the application of 2D nanofillers in PEO polymer electrolytes
Non-photosynthetic chemoautotrophic CO2 assimilation microorganisms carbon fixation efficiency and control factors in deep-sea hydrothermal vent
No full textNon-photosynthetic chemoautotrophic microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal vent can obtain energy by oxidation reducing substances and synthesize CO2 into organic carbon, and the development and utilization of microbial re-sources in this environment for CO2 fixation under ordinary environmental conditions is of great significance to under-stand the carbon cycle and microbial carbon fixation in deep-sea hydrothermal vent. In this study, a set of spiral-stirred bioreactor (SSB) was developed to cultivate a group of non-photosynthetic chemoautotrophic CO2 assimilation micro-organisms (NPCAM), mainly Sphingomonadaceae (unclassified, the mean of which was 31.16 %), from deep-sea hydro -thermal vent sediments, which have the characteristics of halophilic, acid-base and heavy metal resistant. The maximum carbon fixation efficiency (calculated by CO2) was 6.209 mg center dot CO2/(L center dot h) after 96 h of incubation in the presence of mixed electron donors (MEDs, 0.46 % NaNO2, 0.50 % Na2S2O3 and 1.25 % Na2S, w/v), mixed inorganic carbon sources (CO2, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3) and aerobic conditions. The detection of NPCAM synthetic organic frac-tion in SSB system, the study of single bacteria culturability and carbon fixation efficiency, the analysis of CO2 fixation pathway and the development of coupled carbon fixation technology are the prospective works that need to be further developed
Numerical simulation of fluidization: Driven by challenges
No full textIn the century-long development of fluidization technology, simulation methods have evolved in response to scientific and engineering demands, which in turn have produced advances in technology. Faced with the pro-found global challenges of climate change and sustainable development, fluidization has found new applications in carbon capture and utilization, non-energy uses of fossil fuels, production of functional materials, and the continuous production of drugs and fine chemicals. Revolutionary research and development tools, such as digital virtual reactors and even factories, are highly desirable for the effective and efficient conceptualization, scaling-up, and optimization of the processes and equipment in these sophisticated applications, and require unprecedented advances in the accuracy and speed of simulations. After a short review of the existing simulation methods for fluidization, this article focuses on how such advances could be achieved through the organic integration of multiscale modeling, scalable algorithms, and supercomputing
Heterojunctioned CuO/Cu 2 O catalyst for highly efficient ozone removal
No full textIn recent years, near surface ozone pollution, has attracted more and more attention, which necessitates the development of high efficient and low cost catalysts. In this work, CuO/Cu 2 O heterojunctioned catalyst is fabricated by heating Cu 2 O at high temperature, and is adopted as ozone decomposition catalyst. The results show that after Cu 2 O is heated at 180 ??C conversion of ozone increases from 75.2% to 89.3% at mass space velocity 1,920,000 cm 3 /(g ??hr) in dry air with 1000 ppmV ozone, which indicates that this heterojunction catalyst is one of the most efficient catalysts reported at present. Catalysts are characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, which confirmed that the heterojunction promotes the electron transfer in the catalytic process and creates more defects and oxygen vacancies in the CuO/Cu 2 O interfaces. This procedure of manufacturing heterostructures would also be applicable to other metal oxide catalysts, and it is expected to be more widely applied to the synthesis of high-efficiency heterostructured catalysts in the future. ?? 2022 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V
