Institutional Repository of Institute of Process Engineering, CAS (IPE-IR）
Not a member yet
40778 research outputs found
Sort by
Comparison of various structure designs of SO2-depolarized electrolysis cell
No full textSO2-depolarized electrolysis (SDE) is the key step of the hybrid sulfur (HyS) process, which is one of the simplest thermochemical cycles for producing hydrogen by water splitting. Exploration and optimization of flow field/structure design is essential for improving the efficiency of SDE. In this work, graphite plates with different flow channels, together with porous graphite felts or carbon papers as diffusion layers are adopted to fabricate SDE cells with different structures. Evaluation of the cell structures is carried out, by comparing the SDE performance and taking into account the fluid resistance (pressure drop) of anode side. The effects of graphite felt compression ratio, hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of carbon papers, anodic fluid flow rate, and operating temperature on the SDE performance are investigated. Square porous flow fields provided by graphite felts show excellent performance. Serpentine channel covered by hydrophobic carbon paper reveals advantages when adopted on the cathode side. Combination of above two flow fields and using them on anode and cathode sides respectively, could achieve excellent SDE performance. Under the condition of 40 degrees C and 360 mL/min anolyte flow rate, the current density could reach 760 mA/cm2 at the cell voltage of 1.19 V. (c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences[MPCS-2021-A-05]
No full textRare sugar l-sorbose exerts antitumor activity by impairing glucose metabolism
No full textThe rare sugar L-sorbose is shown to decrease cell viability and increase apoptotic cells in culture and to enhance the effect of tumor chemotherapy in combination with sorafenib in mouse xenograft models
工业生产全过程减污降碳:方法策略与科学基础
No full text随着我国环境保护排放标准日益严格及行业园区化发展日渐成型,有毒有害污染物稳定达标与碳减排协同治理技术缺乏、末端无害化治理控制成本高等问题,开始严重制约我国社会经济可持续发展和碳达峰、碳中和目标的实现。文章以工业行业的重大环境保护需求为导向,提出工业生产全过程减污降碳的方法策略及科学基础。通过控制方法协同、跨介质协同,以及多领域统筹、多要素统筹建模优化,将分子水平或微观水平上的基础科学创造性发现与工程研究开发直接联系起来,为减污降碳协同增效提供新的科学支撑,为我国工业绿色发展和碳减排贡献理论方法
枯草芽孢杆菌聚谷氨酸合成途径相关基因功能研究
No full text聚谷氨酸(polyglutamic acid, PGA)作为一种天然多功能的聚合物,近年来成为研究的热点。由于很难通过化学方法合成,微生物发酵是目前生产聚谷氨酸的有效途径。【目的】从基因水平探究枯草芽孢杆菌聚谷氨酸合成途径中degS、degQ、degU、swrA、rocA、putM基因的功能,通过分子改造实现对代谢途径的调控。【方法】以枯草芽孢杆菌为出发菌株,通过对代谢途径中相关基因进行敲除或过表达,分别构建degS、degQ和degU基因缺失的重组菌,swrA、rocA和putM基因过表达的重组菌,借助菌株胞外聚谷氨酸积累的变化分析影响途径的关键节点。【结果】在摇瓶发酵条件下,重组菌Bacillus subtilis 168-swrA、Bacillus subtilis 168-rocA、Bacillus subtilis 168-putM的胞外聚谷氨酸含量分别是原始菌株的1.28倍、1.47倍和1.37倍。重组菌Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegS、Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegQ、Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegU的胞外聚谷氨酸含量分别是原始菌株的1.01倍、0.98倍和0.94倍。在静态培养时,BS168-ΔdegU不能形成完整的生物膜,Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegS、Bacillus subtilis 168-ΔdegQ、Bacillus subtilis 168-swrA、Bacillus subtilis 168-rocA和Bacillus subtilis 168-putM菌株的生物膜形成量分别是原始菌株的1.48倍、1.31倍、1.77倍、2.59倍和2.16倍,且胞外蛋白含量与生物膜的形成量呈正相关。【结论】degS、degQ和degU基因的缺失不会明显影响聚谷氨酸的合成,swrA、rocA和putM基因的过表达均能显著提升细胞合成聚谷氨酸的能力,rocA和putM基因的表达量增强能提高胞内谷氨酸的积累,从而增加聚谷氨酸的合成
Highly efficient removal of aromatic diamines from the polyurethane bio-hydrolysate by MIL-53 series MOFs
No full textDue to the biotoxicity and ecological hazards of 2,4-toluene diamine (TDA) and 4,4 '-methylene dianiline (MDA), it is the key process for upcycling polyurethane (PU) waste to remove them from the PU bio-hydrolysate with high selectivity and efficiency. Herein, MIL-53 series metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared and applied to remove aromatic diamines. Besides, the effects of their different structural units on the adsorption performance were investigated. Among the three metal nodes (Cr3+, Al3+, Fe3+) of MIL-53, MIL-53(Al) demonstrated the highest adsorption capacities upon TDA (4.17 mmol/g) and MDA (2.00 mmol/g) due to its more mu 2-OH sites and higher porosity. Compared with MIL-53(Al), DUT-4 and DUT-5 owned longer linkers but exhibited inferior aromatic diamine adsorption performance, which was ascribed to the more appropriate pore size and more mu 2-OH sites of MIL-53(Al). Notably, MIL-53(Al) exhibited excellent selectivity towards aromatic diamines, while the removal efficiency reached over 90 %. In addition, spectral analysis before and after adsorption revealed the mechanism, which involved host-guest interactions, H-bonding interactions, and pi-pi stacking. The results indicate the great potential of applying the optimal MIL-53(Al) as an alternative adsorbent for removing hazardous aromatic diamines from the PU bio-hydrolysate
Characteristics of the particulate matter and its toxic substances from different stationary coal-fired sources
No full textCondensable particulate matter (CPM) and uncaptured fine filterable particulate matter (FPM) from various stationary coal-fired sources cause haze weather to harm human health. In this study, we measured the emissions of FPM, CPM, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from household stoves, small-capacity boilers, and industrial-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. CFB systems installed with dry and semidry flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems and ammonia-based NOx control systems (SCR/SNCR) emit lesser filterable PM but substantially higher CPM than household stoves and small-capacity boilers. The results indicate that these air emission control technologies have side effects on promoting the generation and emission of CPM, which is rich in (NH4)2SO4 and NH4HSO4. CFB boilers with wet FGD technology exhibit lower CPM emission, suggesting the positive effects of dissolving and absorbing of gypsum slurry on CPM emission. Various small coal-fired stoves burning different types of coal do not significantly affect CPM but the PAHs emissions. Based on the data of this investigation, we estimated the emission inventory of CPM from various stationary coal-fired sources, aiming to provide valuable insights into setting priorities for improving the atmospheric environment in China
Responses of microbial community to geochemical parameters on vertical depth in bioheap system of low-grade copper sulfide
No full textMonitoring of the microbial community in bioleaching system is essential for control process parameters and enhance the leaching efficiency. Due to the difficulty of sampling, microbial distribution, community succession and bioleaching activity along the vertical depth of bioleaching heaps remain unresolved. This study investigated the geo-chemical parameters and microbial community structure along a depth profile in a bioleaching heap and leachate. 80 ore samples at different heap depths and 9 leaching solution samples from three bioheaps of Zijin Copper Mine were collected. Microbial composition, mineral types and geochemical parameters of these samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and a series of chemical measurement technologies. The results revealed that the pH, Cu, Fe and the total sulfur contents were the major factors shaping the composition of the microbial communities in the bioleaching system. The extent of mineral oxidation increased as the sample depth increases, followed by the increasing of sulfur oxidizers. The abundance of sulfur and iron oxidizers including members of Acidithiobacillus, Sulfobacillus and Acidiferrobacter were significantly higher in the leaching heap than in the leaching solution, mean-while, they showed strong positive interactions with other members within the same genera and iron oxidizer Leptospirillum and Ferroplasma. Besides, Acidithiobacillus negatively interacted with heterotrophs such as Sphingobium, Exiguobacterium, Brevundimonas and so on. On the contrast, members of Leptospirillum and unclassified Archaea were significantly abundant in the leaching solution and revealed strong interactions with members of Thermoplasmatales. The main conclusion of this study, especially the leaching potential of microorganisms prevailing in bioheaps and their relationships with geochemical factors, provides theoretical guidance for future process design such as the control of processing parameters and microbial community in heap leaching
Aluminum Impurity from Current Collectors Reactivates Degraded NCM Cathode Materials toward Superior Electrochemical Performance
No full textThe huge amount of degraded NCM (LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2) cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries is arising as a serious environmental issue as well as a severe waste of metal resources, and therefore, direct recycling of them toward usable electrode materials again is environmentally and economically more attractive in contrast to present metallurgical treatments. In this work, we design a robust two-step method for direct recycling of degraded NCM materials, which uses the aluminum impurity from the attached current collector to supplement the transition metal vacancies for simultaneous elemental compensation and structural restoration. This single-element compensation strategy leads to the regeneration of high-quality NCM material with depressed cation disordering and stabilized layered structure. Moreover, the regenerated NCM material with controllable Al doping delivered an outstanding electrochemical performance; specifically, the capacity (158.6 mAh g-1), rate capability (91.6 mAh g-1 at 5 C), and cycling stability (89.6% capacity retention after 200 cycles) of the regenerated NCM material are even comparable with those of fresh materials. The as-established regeneration protocol has its chance in simplifying the industrial recycling process of degraded NCM materials