Institutional Repository of Institute of Process Engineering, CAS (IPE-IR）
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The synergistic effect on the product distribution for the co-pyrolysis of tannery wastes
No full textThe resource management and decontamination of tannery wastes are greatly desired in the tannery industry. The co-pyrolysis of three tannery wastes (chrome tanned buffing dust (CTBD), chrome shavings (CS), and tanning sludge (TS)) were explored for optimizing the pyrolysis process and product, which significantly increased the yield of tar/gas, the fraction of light tar and the specific surface area of char. The results showed that different materials interacted in the pyrolysis progress, and the influence of the CTBD/CS/TS ratio further confirmed the existence of a synergistic effect. TS played a key role in the co-pyrolysis process, which notably promoted the secondary reaction process of char to tar/gas and upgraded the produced volatiles. Moreover, further investigation into the effect of mineral components revealed that the synergistic effect of co-pyrolysis derived from the catalytic effect of mineral components such as Fe(2)O(3 )and CaCO3 in TS, accounted for the significantly-improved co-pyrolysis performance of tannery wastes. The excellent co-pyrolysis performance of tannery wastes may provide a promising technical route for their resource utilization
Influence of Al Oxides on Cs-SiO(2 )Catalysts for Vapor Phase AldolCondensation of Methyl Acetate and Formaldehyde
No full textA novel Al-promoted Cs-SiO2catalyst was synthesized via impregnation methods and applied in the aldolcondensation reaction of methyl acetate (Ma) with formaldehyde (FA) to synthesize methyl acrylate (MA). Promotion effects of Aloxides on Cs-SiO2catalysts were systematically investigated. The physical-chemical properties of synthesized catalysts werecharacterized through XRD, FT-IR, EDS mapping, N2physical adsorption, NH3-/CO2-TPD, Py-IR, XPS, solid-state MAS NMR,and TG. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of fabricated catalysts was evaluated in afixed-bed microreactor. Reactionparameters, Cs2O and Al2O3contents, as well as calcination temperature were optimized. The evaluation of catalytic stability wasconducted under optimal reaction conditions. As a result, the introduction of Al species into Cs-SiO2endowed the Al-Cs-SiO2catalyst with superior catalytic performance and good reusabilityA novel Al-promoted Cs-SiO2catalyst was synthesized via impregnation methods and applied in the aldolcondensation reaction of methyl acetate (Ma) with formaldehyde (FA) to synthesize methyl acrylate (MA). Promotion effects of Aloxides on Cs-SiO2catalysts were systematically investigated. The physical-chemical properties of synthesized catalysts werecharacterized through XRD, FT-IR, EDS mapping, N2physical adsorption, NH3-/CO2-TPD, Py-IR, XPS, solid-state MAS NMR,and TG. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of fabricated catalysts was evaluated in afixed-bed microreactor. Reactionparameters, Cs2O and Al2O3contents, as well as calcination temperature were optimized. The evaluation of catalytic stability wasconducted under optimal reaction conditions. As a result, the introduction of Al species into Cs-SiO2endowed the Al-Cs-SiO2catalyst with superior catalytic performance and good reusability
Enhancing interface compatibility of UiO-66-NH2 and polyamide by incorporating dopamine into thin film nanocomposite membranes
No full textThe introduction of nanoparticles into nanofiltration (NF) membranes is an effective approach to improve the NF performance as the construction of water channels in the nanoparticles. However, the poor compatibility be-tween polymer matrix and nanoparticles is a crucial issue that attracts numerous researchers. In this paper, dopamine (DA) molecule was introduced into the aqueous solution for preparing NF membranes by interfacial polymerization to build a bridge between polyamide matrix and nanoparticles (polydopamine coated UiO-66-NH2, U@PD) for its self-polymerization and high reactive activity of abundant of hydroxyl and amino groups. It was found that the addition of DA in aqueous reaction phase solution effectively reduced the membrane surface roughness, anchored more U@PD nanoparticles, improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane, and participated in the interfacial polymerization reaction to crosslink the nanoparticles and the polyamide matrix. The DA introduced TFN membrane achieved high water permeance (13.87 L.m(-2).h(-1).bar(-1)) and Na2SO4 rejection (97.96%) with DA concentration of 0.3 g/L, U@PD incorporating amount of 0.3 wt%, cross-linking reaction time of 45 min, and pH of 8.5. Additionally, the as-prepared membrane had an excellent selectivity of Cl-/SO42-(alpha = 45.85), which was higher than that of the membrane without DA crosslinking agent (alpha = 14.40). It is concluded that the addition of DA in the interfacial polymerization aqueous solution can effectively repair the defects between the nanoparticles and the polymer, thus provide a new idea for seawater desalination
Enhancing interface compatibility of UiO-66-NH2 and polyamide by incorporating dopamine into thin film nanocomposite membranes
No full textThe introduction of nanoparticles into nanofiltration (NF) membranes is an effective approach to improve the NF performance as the construction of water channels in the nanoparticles. However, the poor compatibility be-tween polymer matrix and nanoparticles is a crucial issue that attracts numerous researchers. In this paper, dopamine (DA) molecule was introduced into the aqueous solution for preparing NF membranes by interfacial polymerization to build a bridge between polyamide matrix and nanoparticles (polydopamine coated UiO-66-NH2, U@PD) for its self-polymerization and high reactive activity of abundant of hydroxyl and amino groups. It was found that the addition of DA in aqueous reaction phase solution effectively reduced the membrane surface roughness, anchored more U@PD nanoparticles, improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane, and participated in the interfacial polymerization reaction to crosslink the nanoparticles and the polyamide matrix. The DA introduced TFN membrane achieved high water permeance (13.87 L.m(-2).h(-1).bar(-1)) and Na2SO4 rejection (97.96%) with DA concentration of 0.3 g/L, U@PD incorporating amount of 0.3 wt%, cross-linking reaction time of 45 min, and pH of 8.5. Additionally, the as-prepared membrane had an excellent selectivity of Cl-/SO42-(alpha = 45.85), which was higher than that of the membrane without DA crosslinking agent (alpha = 14.40). It is concluded that the addition of DA in the interfacial polymerization aqueous solution can effectively repair the defects between the nanoparticles and the polymer, thus provide a new idea for seawater desalination
Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture of Chinese Academy of Science, China[IAGM2020C17]
No full textNitrogen-Rich Carbonaceous Materials for Advanced Oxygen Electrocatalysis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity of Nitrogen Sites
No full textNitrogen-doped carbons are among the fastest-growing class of materials used for oxygen electrocatalysis, namely, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thanks to their low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent electrical conductivity, and scalable synthesis. The perspective of replacing precious metal-based electrocatalysts with nitrogen-doped carbon is highly desirable for reducing costs in energy conversion and storage systems. In this review, the role of nitrogen and N-induced structural defects on the enhanced performance of N-doped carbon electrocatalysts toward the OER and the ORR as well as their applications for energy conversion and storage technologies is summarized. The synthesis of N-doped carbon electrocatalysts and the characterization of their nitrogen functional groups and active sites for the conversion of oxygen are also reviewed. The electrocatalytic performance of the main types of N-doped carbon materials for OER/ORR electrocatalysis are then discussed. Finally, major challenges and future opportunities of N-doped carbons as advanced oxygen electrocatalysts are highlighted
Electrochemical performance of grown layer of Ni(OH)2 on nickel foam and treatment with phosphide and selenide for efficient water splitting
No full textActive nanocomposites synthesized by the electrochemical approach play a vital role in energy generation, conversion, and storage technologies. Recently, scientists began to explore the use of earth-rich transition metalbased materials to replace precious metal-based catalysts. Transition metals (TMs) based nickel (Ni) and their pnictides compounds such as phosphides and selenides exhibit good activity for hydrogen evaluation reaction (HER) and the entire water electrolysis process. In this study, we first prepared Ni(OH)2 and grown its layer on Ni foam (NF) and treated it with selenide (Se) and phosphide (P) then nickel-based selenide-phosphide catalyst (Ni-P-Se) was prepared by simultaneous selenization and phosphidation process for the first time. The asobtained composite was then analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), elemental mapping and transmission electron microscope (TEM) means to study the composition, structure, and micro-morphology of materials. Furthermore, we also observed electrocatalytic water splitting activity using electrochemical cell. The results of electrochemical tests depicted that the selenization and phosphidation treatments significantly enhanced the electrocatalytic HER activity of the starting materials. The overpotentials required for Ni-P-Se to reach 10 mA cm-2 and 100 mA cm-2 were only 242 mV and 282 mV. The Tafel slope of Ni-P-Se is 151 mV dec-1, which is lower than that of nickel phosphide, selenide, and hydroxide indicating that selenide-phosphide enhances the HER reaction kinetics of the material, which in turn increases hydrogen output rate as compared with previous studies