Institutional Repository of GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS
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Effect of copper content on the pyrolysis process of organic components in waste printed circuit boards: Based on experimental and quantum chemical DFT simulations
No full textIn recent years, scientists have become increasingly concerned in recycling electronic trash, particularly waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). Previous research has indicated that the presence of Cu impacts the pyrolysis of WPCBs. However, there may be errors in the experimental results, as printed circuit boards (PCBs) with copper and those without copper are produced differently. For this experiment, we blended copper powder with PCB nonmetallic resin powder in various ratios to create the samples. The apparent kinetics and pyrolysis properties of four resin powders with varying copper concentrations were compared using nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and thermal pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). From the perspective of kinetics, the apparent activation energy of the resin powder in the pyrolysis reaction shows a rise (0.1 <alpha < 0.2)-stable (0.2 <alpha < 0.4)-accelerated increase (0.4 <alpha < 0.8)- decrease (0.8 <alpha < 0.9) process. After adding copper powder, the apparent activation energy changes more obviously when (0.2 <alpha < 0.4). In the early stage of the pyrolysis reaction (0.1 <alpha < 0.6), the apparent activation energy is reduced, but when alpha = 0.8, it is much higher than that of the resin sample without copper. Additionally, it is discovered using thermogravimetric analysis and Py-GC/MS that copper shortens the temperature range of the primary pyrolysis reaction and prevents the creation of compounds containing bromine. This inhibition will raise the temperature at which compounds containing bromine first form, and it will keep rising as the copper level rises. The majority of the circuit board molecules have lower bond energies when copper is present, according to calculations performed using the Gaussian09 software, which promotes the pyrolysis reaction
Biochar confers significant microbial resistance to ammonia toxicity in n-caproic acid production
No full textMicrobial chain elongation integrating innovative bioconversion technologies with organic waste utilization can transition current energy-intensive n-caproic acid production to sustainable circular bioeconomy systems. However, ammonia-rich waste streams, despite their suitability, pose inhibitory challenges to these bioconversion processes. Herein, biochar was employed as an additive to enhance the activity of chain elongating microbes under ammonia inhibition conditions, with an objective to detail underlying mechanisms of improvements. Biochar addition significantly improved chain elongation performance even under severe ammonia stress (exceeding 8 g N/L), increasing n-caproic acid yields by 40 % to 158 % and reducing lag times by 51 % to 90 %, compared with the best-performing group without biochar addition. The material contribution to n-caproic production reached up to 94.3 % (at 4 g N/L). These enhancements were mainly attributed to the new electron syntrophy induced by biochar, which improved electron transfer system activity and electrical conductivity of the fermentation system. This is further substantiated by increased relative abundances of the genus Sporanaerobacter, electroactive bacteria, and up-regulated direct electron transfer-related genes including conductive pili and c-type cytochrome. This study demonstrates that biochar can confer robust resilience to ammonia toxicity in functional microbes, paving a way for efficient and sustainable n-caproic acid production
Insight into high-temperature fast pyrolysis characterization, product distribution and interaction effect of municipal solid waste and its components under steam-containing hydrogen-rich syngas atmosphere
No full textThis research delves into the field of fast hydropyrolysis of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW), with the goal of understanding product distribution and interactions in a hydrogen-rich condition. Through experimental investigations on MSW and its components, this study thoroughly examines the impact of pyrolysis temperature and gasification atmosphere (30 % H2+30 % CO+20 % CO2+20 % H2O) on the yields and distribution of the three-phase products. As the temperature increases, the gas yield gradually increases, while the yields of tar and char gradually decrease. The introduction of a hydrogen source increases the methane content in the combustible gas, which generally reaches its maximum at 850 degrees C, and promotes aromatic formation in tar, making aromatics the main component of pyrolysis oil. Notably, aromatics have the highest-octane number in gasoline. This study highlights gasification as a promising technology for converting organic waste into valuable fuel, advancing waste management and energy recovery
Key Scientific Research projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province[21A430009]
No full textGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Department of Human Resources and Social Security 2023 Postdoctoral Fuyao Project[279]
No full textA multistage biogas slurry reflux and spray anaerobic digestion reactor for high solid anaerobic digestion: Performance and application evaluation
No full textIn this study, a new vertical plug-flow continuous dry anaerobic digestion reactor equipped with a spray percolation system was designed for rice straw and cow manure in dry AD. The findings indicated that the methane yield was 290.63 +/- 19.16 mL/g VS when the optimal spray time (9 times/d) was used in batch AD. In addition, the results of continuous experiments under optimal spray time conditions showed that the volumetric methane production rate of the system was 1.55 L/(Ld) when the organic loading rate was 20 g VS/(Ld). In addition, hydrolysis and acidification steps were enhanced. This study demonstrated the potential of the new reactor for stable operation of high OLR dry AD. Digestate is already used as a substitute for synthetic fertilizers precisely because of the environmental benefits associated with its agronomic use
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