Institutional Repository of GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS
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Recycling enzymatic hydrolysis lignin residues saved cellulase in enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose: An insight from cellulase adsorption mechanism
No full textEnzymatic hydrolysis lignin residues (EHLRs) of lignocellulose usually adsorbs cellulase, which can be recycled and used to replace parts of cellulase in the hydrolysis process. To understand this phenomenon during enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) treated with sulfite (SPORL) and dilute acid (DA), the adsorption characteristics between lignin and cellulase in EHLRs were investigated, focusing on interaction force at molecular level and enzymatic activity. The results revealed that SPORL-EHLR adsorbed more beta-glucosidases (beta-GLs) through the stronger electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bond force, causing higher cellulase adsorption amount compared to DA-EHLR. Further exploration demonstrated that the cellobiose's catalytic and binding sites on beta-GLs were separated from the binding site of SPORL-EHLR on beta-GLs, resulting in minimal in-hibition of beta-GLs activity when bound to SPORL-EHLR. Furthermore, adding SPORL-EHLR in SCB hydrolysis saved 40% cellulase. This study deepens the understanding of the adsorption behavior between lignin and cellulase
Catalytic reforming of polypropylene to produce hydrogen: Influence of support characteristics and active metal type in catalyst
No full textHydrogen production by catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics has attracted extensive attention in recent years. This paper takes hydrogen production as the starting point. A variety of supported nickel catalysts were developed for the catalytic pyrolysis of polypropylene using a two-stage fixed bed reactor. Based on the better characteristics of bimetallic catalysts, calcium, magnesium, iron doped nickel bimetallic catalysts were prepared to explore the improvement effect of catalytic hydrogen production performance. The micromorphology, structure composition and active substance distribution of different supported catalysts and bimetallic catalysts were measured. The experimental results show that the catalyst with powdered activated carbon as the support has the best catalytic performance of hydrogen production. In a series of molecular sieve catalysts, the smaller the Si/Al ratio of the support, the higher the catalytic performance. Among the bimetallic catalysts, Fe-Ni bimetallic catalysts have better catalytic advantages than Ca-Ni and Mg-Ni bimetallic catalysts, which is closely related to the stable Fe-Ni alloy structure formed on the catalyst surface. In conclusion, the differences in catalytic performance between catalyst support and active metal discussed in this paper will provide theoretical support for the catalytic pyrolysis technology of plastics to produce hydrogen
Hydrogen production by aqueous phase reforming over stable La-promoted Ni-based hydrotalcite catalysts
No full textMethanol, a common product of biomass pyrolysis or gasification, contains a high hydrogen content and serves as a valuable feedstock for hydrogen production through catalytic aqueous phase reforming (APR). However, poor hydrothermal stability of metal oxides support of the APR catalyst in liquid phase presents a challenge for the continuous and effective production of H2 over Ni-based hydrotalcite catalysts. A series of La-promoted NiMgAl hydrotalcite catalysts were prepared and their hydrogen production performances during methanol APR were evaluated. Promoted 5La-NiMgAl catalyst shows superior methanol APR reactivity due to the higher concen-tration of medium-strength basic sites than unpromoted catalyst. The La species adsorbs CO2 to form LaCO3OH and maintains La-NiMgAl catalyst structural integrity, which limits Ni leaching during reaction and promotes catalyst stability
A bi-level dispatch optimization of multi-microgrid considering green electricity consumption willingness under renewable portfolio standard policy
No full textUnder the policy of renewable portfolio standard (RPS), many microgrid (MG) users with high electricity consumption are installed with renewable energy (RE) generation devices to complete their RE consumption responsibility and reduce carbon emissions. In view of the conflict between the goals of microgrid operators (MGO) and MG users, it is a challenge to achieve economic optimization for both MGO and MG users at the same time when they participate in system dispatch and complete RE consumption responsibility. Therefore, this paper proposes a bi-level noncooperative dispatch strategy that takes into account user satisfaction and RE consumption willingness. In this bi-level model, the upper level is led by an MGO who decides electricity retail prices, while the lower level is followed by MG users who participate in demand response (DR) and change electricity purchase strategies. First, a novel comprehensive evaluation model is formulated to evaluate users' willingness to consume green electricity. Based on this, users' consumption behavior of green and thermal electricity is modeled independently not only in electricity trading but also in power dispatching. Second, optimization objectives are established with the goal of maximizing MG users' welfare, including user satisfaction improvement and energy purchase cost reduction, as well as maximizing the revenue of the MGO. Then, a Stackelberg game model is constructed, and a differential evolution algorithm nested CPLEX is used to solve the Stackelberg game problem of balancing the interests of both parties. Finally, our simulation analysis shows that under the dispatch strategy in this paper, load peak-valley difference is reduced. In addition, when the green electricity generated within the system is sufficient, based on a high level of users' willingness to consume green electricity, the total consumption of green electricity is increased by 29.5% and the overall welfare of users is increased by 0.75%
Mechanochemically functionalized and fibrillated microcrystalline cellulose as a filler in silicone foam: An integrated experimental and simulation investigation
No full textFibrillated celluloses have gained significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical properties and ecofriendly characteristics, which make them suitable for various applications. In this study, we designed a precise approach for producing highly fibrillated microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) via ball-milling treatment using four typical silane coupling agents. The empirical data demonstrate that the fibrillization of MCC and the properties of fibrillated MCC are largely affected by the size and geometry of the functional groups of the silanes. After ball-milling, most MCC displayed enhanced e-beam tolerance and thermal stability, whereas the silane loading amount, surface area, and morphology of fibrillated MCC appeared to be random, which was exemplified by the proportional and non-proportional relationship between the loading amount and surface area of methyl silane-and phenyl silane-treated MCC, respectively. Density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to obtain the intricate details. The simulation results were in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, fibrillated MCC was incorporated into silicone foams as an additive. The thermal stability of fibrillated MCC with added silicone was greatly improved, and the tensile strength of fibrillated MCC-containing silicone foam was 44.1 and 5.4 times higher than that of the neat and MCC-containing silicone foams, respectively
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