Institutional Repository of GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS
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Integrated partial nitrification and <i>Tribonema minus</i> cultivation for cost-effective ammonia recovery and lipid production from slaughterhouse wastewater
No full textHigh ammonium content in untreated anaerobic digestion (AD) wastewater can inhibit microalgal growth, hindering both bioremediation and biomass/lipid productivity. This study investigated the potential of partial nitrification (PN) as a pretreatment step for AD effluent before cultivating the oleaginous microalga Tribonema minus for bioremediation and lipid production. The PN process transforms inhibitory ammonium into nitrate, a nitrogen form that microalgae can effectively utilize, thereby reducing ammonia toxicity. The results showed remarkable resilience in T. minus, with the species being able to tolerate high ammonium levels (30 mg/L), its inhibitory effect on T. minus growth became evident. Nevertheless, successful cultivation of T. minus was achieved in PN effluent from slaughterhouse AD using a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) (25 degrees C and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.5 h) containing 190 mg/L ammonium, achieving 51.25 % lipid accumulation. Additionally, cultivation with 125 mg/L NH4+-N in the PN effluent resulted in removal rates exceeding 95 % for NH4+-N. This approach, therefore, delivered the dual advantage of not only mitigating the environmental risks associated with wastewater but also fostering renewable biomass production for cleaner energy
Feasibility study of a high-temperature thermal energy storage system using CO 2 as working fluid in horizontal aquifers
No full textA novel approach to high -temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is proposed, wherein CO 2 replaces water as the working fluid to mitigate scaling and plugging risks. The feasibility of this approach is investigated through numerical simulations. A non -isothermal two-phase flow model, integrating the wellbore and reservoir, is developed to simulate the entire process of CO 2 aquifer thermal energy storage (CATES) including CO 2 storage and subsequent heat storage operations. The study assesses the performance of CATES and identifies factors influencing bottom water coning. Results affirm the viability of CATES in horizontal aquifers, demonstrating its safe operation over 20 years under appropriate conditions. Under the baseline scenario, CATES in horizontal aquifers achieves a heat extraction power of 4723.45 kW at a heat extraction flow rate of 30 kg/s, while maintaining an energy efficiency of approximately 80 %. This capacity can provide heating for an estimated area of 183,154 m 2 of buildings, assuming a heating load of 35 W/m 2 and a heat pump COP of 3.8. Increasing the extraction rate to 50 kg/s increases the heat transfer capacity to 8274.36 kW but with an increased risk of water production. Notably, bottom water coning poses a significant challenge to the safe operation of CATES, with aquifers characterized by low vertical permeability, high irreducible CO 2 gas saturation, and high porosity exhibiting lower degrees of water coning
Economic and carbon reduction potential assessment of vehicle-to-grid development in guangdong province
No full textThe rise in electric vehicle (EV) use in Guangdong Province enhances the potential for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) applications to absorb renewable energy and manage grid loads. This study explores V2G's carbon reduction and economic potential in Guangdong Province, using a long-term power model based on the region's EV inventory. It projects power consumption, carbon reduction and economic gains for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) across four carbon reduction scenarios aligned with transportation trends. Findings suggest V2G application and modes could cut carbon emissions by 1471 and 2873 million metric tons CO2 and mitigate peak-valley load disparities by 7.6 %. Compared to multiple influencing factors, the increase in battery capacity is a key benefit to all stakeholders involved in V2G interactions. Large-scale V2G integration promotes green energy, enhances grid efficiency, and offers economic advantages for multiple participants. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for V2G's advancement
Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars[2021B1515020078]
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Experimental and modeling investigations on CH<sub>4</sub> hydrate phase equilibria in multi-ion "Haima" cold seep environment
No full textCH4 hydrate formation represents a primary pathway for CH4 transformation within the deep-sea CH4 seepage environment, holding utmost significance for global carbon budget and marine hydrate resources distribution. As a typical active CH4 seeping, however, the influence characteristics of various ions in in-situ "Haima" cold seep on CH4 hydrate stability remains unclear. In this study, founded on the multiple ion components from the seawater of the "Haima" cold seep, the effects of salt ion categories and concentrations on CH4 hydrate phase equilibrium were investigated, and a thermodynamic model suitable for high-salinity deep-sea environment was proposed. Results indicated that, in higher concentration salt solutions (>3.45 wt%), hydrate stability was no longer solely governed by salinity, and significant differences among ion types were observed. The inhibitory strength of the ions on CH4 hydrate stability followed the order of Mg2+>Na+>Ca2+>Mn2+approximate to K+>Sr2+>Ba2+. The predicted CH4 hydrate phase equilibrium conditions from the proposed model exhibited strong agreement with both experimental results and data reported in the literature. The average absolute deviation of pressure (AADP) from the model prediction was 2.7% and 4.3% compared to the experimental and published literature data, respectively, which outperformed those of the CSMHYD model, Chen-Guo model and Hu-Lee-Sum correlation (4.7%-6.2%). In light of the marine temperature gradient and prediction results, it is estimated that CH4 hydrate could maintain stably below 600 m depth of the seawater in the cold seep area
Techno-Economic Analysis of Hydrogen as a Storage Solution in an Integrated Energy System for an Industrial Area in China
No full textThis study proposes four kinds of hybrid source-grid-storage systems consisting of photovoltaic and wind energy, and a power grid including different batteries and hydrogen storage systems for Sanjiao town. HOMER-PRO was applied for the optimal design and techno-economic analysis of each case, aiming to explore reproducible energy supply solutions for China's industrial clusters. The results show that the proposed system is a fully feasible and reliable solution for industry-based towns, like Sanjiao, in their pursuit of carbon neutrality. In addition, the source-side price sensitivity analysis found that the hydrogen storage solution was cost-competitive only when the capital costs on the storage and source sides were reduced by about 70%. However, the hydrogen storage system had the lowest carbon emissions, about 14% lower than the battery ones. It was also found that power generation cost reduction had a more prominent effect on the whole system's NPC and LCOE reduction. This suggests that policy support needs to continue to push for generation-side innovation and scaling up, while research on different energy storage types should be encouraged to serve the needs of different source-grid-load-storage systems
Optimization of crude glycerol purification from grease trap waste biodiesel production: exploring the synergistic effect of mixed extraction alcohols on enhanced glycerol purity
No full textBACKGROUNDThe purification of crude glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel production and grease trap waste, is essential for its utilization in high-value applications. Achieving exceptionally pure glycerol without relying on energy-intensive vacuum distillation during transesterification is of substantial economic interest.RESULTSThis investigation focuses on crafting a purification process involving chemical treatment (neutralization), adsorption and extraction. The assessment of the neutralization process using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) revealed their comparative efficacy. Activated carbon adsorption was used to reduce coloration in crude glycerol, with weights set at 4 and 8 wt%. Efficient salt extraction from crude glycerol was explored using solvents such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol in varying mass ratios to crude glycerol (1:1 and 2:1). The study also examined the synergistic effects and impact of mixing alcohol solvents. Optimal conditions for achieving high purity (92.44%) were identified as the combination of KOH, 8 wt% activated carbon and a 2:1 ratio of a mixture of the three alcohols.CONCLUSIONThe combined effects of employing a mixture of alcohols significantly enhance the extraction process, resulting in the efficient and successful purification of glycerol. These outcomes offer valuable insights into improving the extraction process in industrial settings, leading to the production of high-quality glycerol products. (c) 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
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