Institutional Repository of GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS
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Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Performance of Air-Cooling System for a Lithium-Ion Battery Module Combined with Epoxy Resin Boards
No full textLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have the lead as the most used power source for electric vehicles and grid storage systems, and a battery thermal management system (BTMS) can ensure the efficient and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries. Epoxy resin board (ERB) offers a wide range of applications in LIBs due to its significant advantages such as high dielectric strength, electrical insulation, good mechanical strength, and stiffness. This study proposes an air-cooled battery module comprised of sixteen prismatic batteries incorporating an ERB layer between the batteries. To compare the performance of the ERB-based air-cooling system, two other air-cooling structures are also assessed in this study. Three-dimensional numerical models for the three cases are established in this paper, and the heat dissipation processes of the battery module under varying discharge rates (1C, 2C, and 5C) are simulated and analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the different cooling systems. Comparative simulations reveal that incorporating ERB into the battery assembly significantly reduces battery surface temperatures and promotes temperature uniformity across individual batteries and the entire pack at various discharge rates. Notably, under 5C discharge conditions, the ERB-based thermal management system achieves a maximum battery surface temperature increase of 16 degrees C and a maximum temperature difference of 8 degrees C between batteries. Additionally, this paper also analyzes the impact of battery arrangement on air-cooling system performance. Therefore, further optimization of the structural design or the integration of supplementary cooling media might be necessary for such demanding conditions
Fast co-pyrolysis characteristics of polyethylene terephthalate and epoxy resin from waste wind turbine blades
No full textThe present study systematically investigated the fast co-pyrolysis characteristics of epoxy resin and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) derived from waste wind turbine blades, with the aim of uncovering the possible synergistic effect in co-pyrolysis. The co-pyrolysis of epoxy resin and PET was beneficial to the formation of pyrolytic char, while the generation of small molecule gaseous products was restrained to a certain degree. The kinetic results revealed that the presence of epoxy resin dramatically reduced the energy barrier for PET decomposition into terephthalic acid (TPA) and vinyl benzoate via a cyclic transition state, finally resulting in an obvious reduction in the activation energy of the pyrolysis reaction. Remarkably, the activation energy for co-pyrolysis sharply decreased to around 150 kJ/mol at a low conversion rate. The co-pyrolysis presented a significant impact on the further transformation of primary pyrolysis products via decarboxylation, deoxygenation, decarbonylation, isomerization, and so on, thus contributing to the selective production of specified chemicals. Furthermore, the plausible reaction pathways and synergistic mechanisms between co-pyrolysis of epoxy resin and PET were discussed thoroughly
Experimental and process simulation on solid fuel chemical looping cascade utilization conversion technology aiming hydrogen generation
No full textIn this work, a novel chemical looping process towards hydrogen generation based on the cascade utilization of components in solid fuels (like biomass and coal) with different reactivity (pyrolysis gas and char) was proposed, aiming for energy conversion from carbon-intensive fuels to carbon-free renewable hydrogen via the material migration of iron oxides. Biomass, represented by sawdust, is an important part among various renewable energy sources and a typical solid fuel with great potential. Therefore, in the most concerned reduction stage, experiments were conducted mainly using sawdust to investigate the effects of various parameters (temperature, oxygen/fuel ratio, residence time) on the carbon conversion involved in char in the primary reduction stage, gas/ solid spatiotemporal distribution in the deep reduction stage and subsequent H-2 generation performance, and kinetic parameters were fitted for different reduction stages. Process simulation was further conducted based on the actual experimental results. The proposed process demonstrated satisfactory applicability to solid fuels with different characteristics, and biomass was more suitable for hydrogen production. Compared with chemical looping combustion process, a significant improvement of sawdust-fueled energy conversion efficiency from 33.26 % to 51.76 % and a decrease of OCs theoretical circulation rate (27.77 %) were achieved under the chemical looping process aiming hydrogen generation
Enhancement of ethylene selectivity in chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane using manganese-based redox catalysts supported on HY zeolite
No full textAs the crucial role of zeolite catalysts becomes increasingly prominent in refining and petrochemical industries, this study introduces a novel application of xMn / HY catalysts in ethane catalytic dehydrogenation via Chemical Looping Oxidative Dehydrogenation (CL-ODH). The synergistic effect of manganese oxides on the HY framework and a moderate amount of acidic sites within the catalyst facilitates the cleavage of C-H bonds and the desorption of olefins, which are vital for advancing ethane CL-ODH. We identified the reasons for maintaining high ethylene selectivity using advanced characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, and PyIR. Notably, under optimized conditions at 700 degrees C with a gas time-space velocity (GHSV) of 1800 mL center dot h- 1 center dot g- 1, the 3Mn/HY catalyst achieved approximately 97.1 % selectivity for ethylene and a 22.7 % conversion of ethane. These findings present a scalable route for ethylene production, showcasing significant industrial relevance by potentially reducing energy costs and improving yield
Nano-Sized rGO-Encapsulated TiO2 Nanowire-Filled PDMS cone type dielectric elastomer actuator operating at low applied electric field
No full textDielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have versatile applications in soft robotics, medical devices, and environmental monitoring, making them a highly anticipated area for future applications. On the other hand, developing DEAs exhibiting high strain at low voltages remains challenging. This paper reports a strategy for enhancing the actuating performance of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at low voltages by preparing a hybrid filler comprised of TiO2 2 nanowires (TiO2 2 NWs), polydopamine (PDA), and nano-sized reduced graphene oxide (nrGO). This hybrid filler, merging the virtues of these three materials, was added at 15 parts per hundred of rubber (phr), resulting in a 2.3-fold increase in the dielectric permittivity of PDMS while mitigating the increase in loss tangent and enhancing efficiency. Actuators fabricated using this composite exhibited the highest deformation at 10 phr, reaching approximately 27.31 % (at 28 V/mu m), representing a remarkable 15.2-fold improvement compared to pure PDMS. Moreover, even at a low voltage of 1.6 V/mu m, they displayed a substantial actuated strain of 2 %. This novel strategy for manufacturing hybrid fillers is a promising example of enhancing the performance of DEAs, offering innovative solutions for future technological advancements
Consensus-based Optimal Control Strategy for Multi-microgrid Systems with Battery Degradation Consideration
No full texthas been widely used in distributed control, where distributed individuals need to share their states with their neighbors through communication links to achieve a common goal. However, the objectives of existing consensus-based control strategies for energy systems seldom address battery degradation cost, which is an important performance indicator to assess the performance and sustainability of battery energy storage (BES) systems. In this paper, we propose a consensusbased optimal control strategy for multi-microgrid systems, aiming at multiple control objectives including minimizing battery degradation cost. Distributed consensus is used to synchronize the ratio of BES output power to BES state-of-charge (SoC) among all microgrids while each microgrid is trying to reach its individual optimality. In order to reduce the pressure of communication links and prevent excessive exposure of local information, this ratio is the only state variable shared between microgrids. Since our complex nonlinear problem might be difficult to solve by traditional methods, we design a compressive sensing-based gradient descent (CSGD) method to solve the control problem. Numerical simulation results show that our control strategy results in a 74.24% reduction in battery degradation cost on average compared to the control method without considering battery degradation. In addition, the compressive sensing method causes an 89.12% reduction in computation time cost compared to the traditional Monte Carlo (MC) method in solving the control problem
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