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Highly stable zinc-iodine single flow batteries with super high energy density for stationary energy storage
No full textA zinc-iodine single flow battery (ZISFB) with super high energy density, efficiency and stability was designed and presented for the first time. In this design, an electrolyte with very high concentration (7.5 M KI and 3.75 M ZnBr2) was sealed at the positive side. Thanks to the high solubility of KI, it fully meets the areal capacity of zinc deposition on the negative side. Most importantly, the ZISFB can be charged to nearly 100% state of charge (SOC) or I can be fully charged to solid state I2 so as to get a maximum energy density. Besides, the blockage of the pump and pipelines on the positive side caused by solid I2 can be inhibited due to the avoidance of electrolyte circulation. Besides, the employment of a highly composite porous polyolefin ion conducting membrane with a super thin Nafion layer effectively improved the membrane selectivity. As a result, the ZISFB demonstrated a CE of 97% and an EE of 81% at a current density of 40 mA cm 2, and the battery could continuously run for more than 500 cycles. The battery demonstrated a high energy density of 205 W h L 1 (theoretical energy density is about 240 W h L 1) (7.5 M KI and 3.75 M ZnBr2 as the electrolyte), which is the highest cycling energy density ever reported. With super high energy density, long cycling life, and a simple structure, a ZISFB becomes a very promising candidate for large scale energy storage and even for power batteries
aselfassemblydisassemblytwophotoratiometricfluorogenicprobeforbacteriaimaging
No full textFluorescence imaging has facilitated fluorescent probes to analyze the subcellular localization and dynamics of biological targets. in this paper, we reported a fluorogenic probe for bacteria imaging. the probe was an imidazolium-derived pyrene compound, which self-assembled to form nano-particles and the pyrene fluorescence was quenched by the aggregation effects. when the self-assembly nanoparticles interacted with anionic bacteria surfaces, synergistic effects of electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic force caused competing binding between bacteria surfaces and imidazoliums. this binding resulted in the disassembly of the aggregates to give fluorescence turn-on signal. meanwhile, the probe bound bacteria surfaces and displayed both pyrene-excimer and pyrene-monomer fluorescence, which gave ratiometric signal. then, fluorescent labeling by the probe enabled the two-photo ratiometric imaging of bacteria. (c) 2018 chinese chemical society and institute of materia medica, chinese academy of medical sciences. published by elsevier b.v. all rights reserved
The catalytic activity of alkali metal alkoxides and titanium alkoxides in the hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins
No full textThe catalytic activities of titanium alkoxides and alkali metal alkoxides for hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins have been studied. Titanium(IV) alkoxides showed excellent catalytic activity, while alkali metal alkoxides have low catalytic activity for the hydrosilylation of olefins. However, by using titanocene dichloride as an additive, alkali metal alkoxides showed also excellent catalytic property for hydrosilylation. In comparison with titanium alkoxides, no -adduct was obtained by using alkali metal alkoxides/Cp2TiCl2 as catalysts
The catalytic activity of alkali metal alkoxides and titanium alkoxides in the hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins
No full textThe catalytic activities of titanium alkoxides and alkali metal alkoxides for hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins have been studied. Titanium(IV) alkoxides showed excellent catalytic activity, while alkali metal alkoxides have low catalytic activity for the hydrosilylation of olefins. However, by using titanocene dichloride as an additive, alkali metal alkoxides showed also excellent catalytic property for hydrosilylation. In comparison with titanium alkoxides, no -adduct was obtained by using alkali metal alkoxides/Cp2TiCl2 as catalysts
Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Metal Free Catalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Amines to Imines
No full textCovalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) were reported as heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidative coupling of benzylamines to imines. The CTFs with different monomers were characterized by TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, ICP etc. The CTFs showed good performances in various amines coupling and good stability for recycle reactions. High activities of the CTFs for amines coupling were attributed to the triazine structure and unique nature itself. ReactIR was used to investigate the catalytic process and two reaction routes were put forward according to the results
Transition metal carbide catalysts for biomass conversion: A review
No full textThe increasing demand for sustainable energy resources has initiated the investigation of biomass conversion over a wide range of catalysts. Among those, transition metal carbides have been extensively studied which demonstrated distinct reactivity and/or selectivity from transition or noble metals in a variety of chemical reactions. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the synthesis of transition metal carbides and their applications in biomass conversion, particularly focusing on the catalytic conversions of (hemi)cellulose, lignin and some typical platform chemicals to fuels or fine chemicals involving C-C, C-O-C and C-O-H bonds cleavages. Perspectives regarding the future research directions on the improvement of transition metal carbide catalysts and detailed reaction mechanism studies are also presented
PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma activation attenuates total free fatty acid and triglyceride accumulation in macrophages via the inhibition of Fatp1 expression
No full textLipid accumulation in macrophages interacts with microenvironment signals and accelerates diabetic atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which macrophage metabolism interacts with microenvironment signals during lipid accumulation are not clearly understood. Accordingly, an untargeted metabolomics approach was employed to characterize the metabolic reprogramming, and to identify potential regulatory targets related to lipid accumulation in macrophages treated with oleate, an important nutrient. The metabolomics approach revealed that multiple metabolic pathways were significantly disturbed in oleate-treated macrophages. We discovered that amino acids, nucleosides, lactate, monoacylglycerols, total free fatty acids (FFAs), and triglycerides (TGs) accumulated in oleate-treated macrophages, but these effects were effectively attenuated or even abolished by resveratrol. Notably, 1-monooleoylglycerol and 2-monooleoylglycerol showed the largest fold changes in the levels among the differential metabolites. Subsequently, we found that oleate triggered total FFA and TG accumulation in macrophages by accelerating FFA influx through the activation of Fatp1 expression, but this effect was attenuated by resveratrol via the activation of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma signaling. We verified that the activation of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma by WY14643 and pioglitazone, respectively, attenuated oleate triggered total FFA and TG accumulation in macrophages by repressing FFA import via the suppression of Fatp1 expression. Furthermore, the inhibition of Fatp1 by tumor necrosis factor a alleviated oleate-induced total FFA and TG accumulation in macrophages. This study provided the first demonstration that accumulation of amino acids, nucleosides, lactate, monoacylglycerols, total FFAs, and TGs in oleate-treated macrophages is effectively attenuated or even abolished by resveratrol, and that the activation of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma attenuates oleate-induced total FFA and TG accumulation via suppression of Fatp1 expression in macrophages. Therapeutic strategies aim to activate PPAR signaling, and to repress FFA import and triglyceride synthesis are promising approaches to reduce the risk of obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis
