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Production and structural characterization of a new type of polysaccharide from nitrogen-limited Arthrospira platensis cultivated in outdoor industrial-scale open raceway ponds
No full textAbstractBackgroundCarbohydrates are major biomass source in fuel-targeted biorefinery. Arthrospira platensis is the largest commercialized microalgae with good environmental tolerance and high biomass production. However, the traditional target of A. platensis cultivation is the protein, which is the downstream product of carbohydrates. Aiming to provide the alternative non-food carbohydrates source, the feasible manipulation technology on the cultivation is needed, as well as new separation methodology to achieve maximum utilization of overall biomass.ResultsThe present study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of industrially producing carbohydrate-enriched A. platensis and characterize the structure of the polysaccharide involved. Cultivated in industrial-scale outdoor open raceway ponds under nitrogen limitation, A. platensis accumulated maximally 64.3%DW of carbohydrate. The maximum biomass and carbohydrate productivity reached 27.5?g?m?2?day?1 and 26.2?g?m?2?day?1, respectively. The efficient extraction and purification of the polysaccharides include a high-pressure homogenization-assisted hot water extraction followed by flocculation with a non-toxic flocculant ZTC1?+?1, with the polysaccharide purity and total recovery reaching 81% and 75%, respectively. The purified polysaccharide was mainly composed of (1→3)(1→4)- or (1→3)(1→2)-α-glucan with a molecular weight of 300–700?kDa, which differed from the commonly acknowledged glycogen.ConclusionsBy the way of controlled nitrogen limitation, the high carbohydrate production of A. platensis in the industrial scale was achieved. The α-glucan from A. platensis could be a potential glucose source for industrial applications. A non-toxic separation method of carbohydrate was applied to maintain the possibility of utilization of residue in high-value field
The heat-tolerance evaluation of an Isochrysis zhangjiangensis mutant generated by atmospheric and room temperature plasmas
No full textAbstractIsochrysis zhangjiangensis is widely used in the marine aquaculture as larval feed, especially for filter feeding cultures, as well as a good candidate for biofuels. However, the optimal cultivation temperature for I. zhangjiangensis is below 30?°C and this stain is seriously affected by high temperature, which causes the limited application during the summer. I. zhangjiangensis IM130005 is a strain generated by atmospheric and room temperature plasmas with relative higher growth rate and lipid production than the wide strain (WT), with the ability to tolerate several hours’ high temperature during the outdoor cultivation. Here, a detailed comparison was performed by continuous monitoring growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and fatty acid profile between IM13005 and WT under a mimic temperature shock to the summer outdoor cultivation. Based on a nearly 20% increase of total fatty acid in IM13005, which was majorly contributed by saturated or monounsaturated FAs in form of neutral lipids, within 5?h under the heat shock, the fatty acids and lipids synthesis variation were postulated as the physiological reason for the high temperature tolerance
Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund (AcRF) Tier 1[RG9/17]
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A Multiplex Fragment-Ion-Based Method for Accurate Proteome Quantification
No full textMultiplex proteome quantification with high accuracy is urgently required to achieve a comprehensive understanding of dynamic cellular and physiological processes. Among the existing quantification strategies, fragment-ion based methods can provide highly accurate results, but the multiplex capacity is limited to 3-plex. Herein, we developed a multiplex pseudo-isobaric dimethyl labeling (m-pIDL) method to extend the capacity of the fragment-ion-based method to 6-plex by one-step dimethyl labeling with several millidalton and dalton mass differences between precursor ions and enlarging the isolation window of precursor ions to 10 m/z during data acquisition. m-pIDL showed high quantification accuracy within the 20-fold dynamic range. Notably, the ratio compression was 1.13-fold in a benchmark two-proteome model (5:1 mixed E. coli proteins with HeLa proteins as interference), indicating that by m-pIDL, the ratio distortion of isobaric labeling approaches and the approximate 40% ratio shift of the label free quantification strategy could be effectively eliminated. Additionally, m-pIDL did not show ratio variation among post translational modifications (CV = 6.66%), which could benefit the measurement of universal protein properties for proteomic atlases. We further employed m-pIDL to monitor the time-resolved responses of the TGF-beta-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell lines, which facilitated the finding of new potential regulatory proteins. Therefore, the 6-plex quantification of m-pIDL with the remarkably high accuracy might create new prospects for comprehensive proteome analysis