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Peering into Alloy Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Current Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
No full textSodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as a complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the effort of searching for alternative energy solutions that are cost-effective and sustainable. The identification of suitable alternative anode materials is essential to close the gap in energy density between SIBs and LIBs. Solid-state alloying reactions that work beyond intercalation mechanism are able to provide a significant improvement in specific capacity. This review describes key advances in SIBs with a primary emphasis on alloy anodes. Recent information and results published in the literatures are stressed to provide an overview of their development in SIBs. With the discussion of some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions, the authors hope to sketch out the scope for future studies in this field
Oxidation of Catocene in AP/Catocene Mixture at Low Temperature
No full textThe mixture of Catocene and fine AP after 175 degrees C heat treatment was washed by acetone and water, and the washing liquids of acetone and water were characterized by SP and microwave digestion-ICP, and the solid products were characterized by XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS. The results show that the oxidation of Catocene is a multi-step reaction, and the final products are nano-sized Fe2O3 and amorphous C. DTA-TG test shows the productions can enhance the thermal decomposition of AP. Compared with the mixture of fine AP and Catocene, the mixture of fine AP and the final solid product of Catocene decomposition is insensitive to the impact. The effective constituents of Catocene catalysis for thermal decomposition of AP are nano-sized Fe2O3 and amorphous C. Analyzing by synthesis, the final solid product may be an effective and safe catalyst for AP based propellant
Computational understanding of the structural and electronic properties of the GeS-graphene contact
No full textTwo-dimensional (2D) metal-semiconductor junctions have shown significant potential for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. Herein, the structural and electronic properties of a germanium monosulfide/graphene (GeS/G) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure were explored using first-principles calculations. It was discovered that the structural rigidity and mechanical anisotropy of GeS could be significantly improved by loading graphene. In addition, the intrinsic characteristics of the atomic layer GeS and graphene were well preserved, and the formation of a p-type Schottky contact in the equilibrium state was demonstrated; moreover, the Schottky barrier height of the interface was sensitive to the external condition and could be reduced to zero via applying normal strain or a perpendicular electric field. These insightful results pave the way for experimental research and the design of other 2D nanomaterial-based electronic and optoelectronic devices
Ternary amide-hydride system: A study on LiAl(NH2)(4)-LiAlH4 interaction
No full textLiAl(NH2)(4) is a ternary amide that readily decomposes to release ammonia at temperatures as low as similar to 90 degrees C. Owing to such instability as compared to binary amides, we hypothesize that the dehydrogenation mechanism involving ternary amide-hydride interaction would be significantly different from those of binary metal amide-hydride interaction. Therefore, in this study, interaction of LiAl(NH2)(4) and LiAlH4 has been investigated by means of mechanical milling and thermal method. It was found that dehydrogenation occurred spontaneously during the milling process and the rate of dehydrogenation increased with increasing amount of LiAlH4, suggesting an ion migration mediated dehydrogenation. As reaction progressed, the formation of Li3AlH6 as an intermediate was detected and a total of 8 equiv. of H-2 (7.5 wt%) can be released, forming LiH and AlN as the final product. In contrast, heating the homogenously ground LiAl(NH2)(4) and LiAlH4 sample resulted in the release of NH3 at low temperatures, indicating that NH3 mediation would take place in case of dehydrogenation. Further increase in temperature resulted in a rapid release of hydrogen from the interaction of the LiAl(NH)(2) and LiAlH4. It was also found that hydride with higher basicity is required to trigger amide-hydride interaction for dehydrogenation at low temperatures. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
