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UDP-glucose accelerates SNAI1 mRNA decay and impairs lung cancer metastasis
No full textCancer metastasis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, and accounts for up to 95% of cancer-related deaths(1). Cancer cells often reprogram their metabolism to efficiently support cell proliferation and survival(2,3). However, whether and how those metabolic alterations contribute to the migration of tumour cells remain largely unknown. UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) is a key enzyme in the uronic acid pathway, and converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid(4). Here we show that, after activation of EGFR, UGDH is phosphorylated at tyrosine 473 in human lung cancer cells. Phosphorylated UGDH interacts with Hu antigen R (HuR) and converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid, which attenuates the UDP-glucose-mediated inhibition of the association of HuR with SNAI1 mRNA and therefore enhances the stability of SNAI1 mRNA. Increased production of SNAIL initiates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thus promoting the migration of tumour cells and lung cancer metastasis. In addition, phosphorylation of UGDH at tyrosine 473 correlates with metastatic recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Our findings reveal a tumour-suppressive role of UDP-glucose in lung cancer metastasis and uncover a mechanism by which UGDH promotes tumour metastasis by increasing the stability of SNAI1 mRNA
anekhoroshevtypetheoremforthenonlinearwaveequationingevreyspace
No full textIn this paper, the authors prove a Nekhoroshev type theorem for the nonlinear wave equation utt=uxx-mu-f(u),x∈0, π in Gevrey space
Heat capacity and thermodynamic functions of hollandite-type K0.17TiO1.9 center dot 0.061H(2)O
No full textThe heat capacity of K0.17TiO1.9 center dot 0.061H(2)O has been measured by the use of a Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) in the temperature range from 1.9 K to 302 K. An upturn below 3 K and weak bump at 7 K are observed and ascribed to Schottky anomaly and boson peak, respectively. The experimental data for K0.17TiO1.9 center dot 0.061H(2)O are fitted to a joint contributions of lattice vacancy, lattice vibration, Schottky anomaly and boson peak in the low temperature range (T 63 K). The standard molar heat capacity, molar entropy, and molar enthalpy for K0.17TiO1.9 center dot 0.061H(2)O at T = 298.15 K are determined to be (64.2 +/- 0.7) J.K-1.mol(-1), (65.7 +/- 0.7) J.K-1.mol(-1) , and (10.5 +/- 0.1) kJ.mol(-1), respectively, leading to a Gibbs energy of -(9.05 +/- 0.09) kJ.mol(-1). (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Conjugated Enynones with Allylarenes: Synthesis of Furyl-Substituted 1,3-Dienes
No full textA new method for the synthesis of furyl-substituted 1,3-dienes via palladium-catalyzed oxidative cross coupling of conjugated enynones with allylarenes is developed. This reaction shows broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Palladium carbene migratory insertion is proposed as the key step for this transformation with conjugated enynones serving as the carbene precursors
Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Conjugated Enynones with Allylarenes: Synthesis of Furyl-Substituted 1,3-Dienes
No full textA new method for the synthesis of furyl-substituted 1,3-dienes via palladium-catalyzed oxidative cross coupling of conjugated enynones with allylarenes is developed. This reaction shows broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Palladium carbene migratory insertion is proposed as the key step for this transformation with conjugated enynones serving as the carbene precursors
High-Temperature CO2 Electrolysis in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: Developments, Challenges, and Prospects
No full textHigh-temperature CO2 electrolysis in solid-oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) could greatly assist in the reduction of CO2 emissions by electrochemically converting CO2 to valuable fuels through effective electrothermal activation of the stable C(sic)O bond. If powered by renewable energy resources, it could also provide an advanced energy-storage method for their intermittent output. Compared to low-temperature electrochemical CO2 reduction, CO2 electrolysis in SOECs at high temperature exhibits higher current density and energy efficiency and has thus attracted much recent attention. The history of its development and its fundamental mechanisms, cathode materials, oxygen-ion-conducting electrolyte materials, and anode materials are highlighted. Electrode, electrolyte, and electrode-electrolyte interface degradation issues are comprehensively summarized. Fuel-assisted SOECs with low-cost fuels applied to the anode to decrease the overpotential and electricity consumption are introduced. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for future research into high-temperature CO2 electrolysis in SOECs are included
Effect of electrode Pt-loading and cathode flow-field plate type on the degradation of PEMFC
No full textThe electrode Pt-loading has an effect on the number of active sites and the thickness of catalyst layer, which has huge influence on the mass transfer and water management during dynamic process in PEMFCs. In this study, membrane electrode assemblies with different Pt-loadings were prepared, and PEMFCs were assembled using those membrane electrode assemblies with traditional solid plate and water transport plate as cathode flow-field plates, respectively. The performance and electrochemical surface area of cells were characterized to evaluate the membrane electrode assemblies degradation after rapid current-variation cycles. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to investigate the decay of catalyst layers and Pt/C catalyst. With the increase of Pt-loading, the performance degradation of membrane electrode assemblies will be mitigated. But higher Pt-loading means thicker catalyst layer, which leads to a longer pathway of mass transfer, and it may result in carbon material corrosion in membrane electrode assemblies. The decay of Pt/C catalyst in cathode is mainly caused by the corrosion of carbon support, and the degradation of anode Pt/C catalyst is a consequence of migration and aggregation of Pt particles. And using water transport plate is beneficial to alleviating the age of cathode Pt/C catalyst. (C) 2018 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved