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Seed priming with melatonin effects on growth, essential oil compounds and antioxidant activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under salinity stress
No full textMelatonin has been reported to exhibit significant functions in plant growth and development in response stress conditions. Along with the present study, the effects of melatonin priming on plant growth and development, essential oil, phenolic acids and antioxidant activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under salinity were examined. In this context, the seeds were firstly primed with 1 and 10 µM melatonin and subsequently plants were exposed to salinity stress from 100 mM NaCl. The results showed that salinity decreased all growth parameters except leaf number and melatonin treatments were effective in all parameters under stress groupsbut depending on the dose applied. According to GC–MS/FID results, of the major compounds, eugenol and methly eugenol exhibited decreases whereas linalool increased under salinity. Furthermore, rosmarinic acid, cichoric acid and caffeic acid were identified as major phenolics with HPLC analyses. Under salinity, rosmarinic acid was not detected, cichoric and caffeic acids were decreased while 10 µM melatonin treatments increased all phenolic acids. Salt stress and melatonin applications except salinity with 10 µM melatonin decreased DPPH antioxidant activity, total phenolics and total flavonoids. The salinity with 10 µM melatonin addition favoured for total phenolics and flavonoids. © 2020 Elsevier B.V
Determination of Suitable Sowing Date and Varieties for High Seed Production in Quinoa
No full textYüksek tane verimi ve kalitesini etkileyen teknik ve fizyolojik olgunluğun sağlanabilmesi için doğru ekim zamanı tespitlerinin yapılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Mevcut çalışma ile Iğdır sulu koşullarda ekilen kinoada yüksek tohum üretimi için uygun ekim zamanı ve çeşitlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 15 kinoa genotipi ile öncesinde yürütülen adaptasyon çalışmasında en yüksek tohum verimine sahip Mint Vanilla ve Titicaca çeşitleri 10’ar gün aralıklarla (Mart’ın ortası, Mart’ın son haftası, Nisan’ın ilk haftası ve Nisan’ın ortası) ekilerek test edilmiştir. Çalışma 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kuruldu. Analiz sonucunda; incelenen bazı parametreler üzerine yılların, ekim zamanların ve çeşitlerin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Buna göre bin tane ağırlığı (BTA) ve sapta ham protein (HP) oranı hariç diğer parametrelerin 2018 yılında daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek salkım oranı, BTA, tohum verimi, hasat indeksi, tohumda ve sapta HP oranı Titicaca’da belirlenirken, olgunlaşma süresi, sap kalınlığı, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, saman ve biyolojik verim ise Mint Vanilla’da tespit edilmiştir. Diğer ekim zamanları ile kıyaslandığında olgunlaşma süresi, BTA ve hasat indeksi birinci ekim döneminde, sap kalınlığı, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, saman ve biyolojik verim ise ikinci ekim döneminde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak tohum verim ve kalite değerlerinde düşüşlerin yaşanmaması için ekimlerin geciktirilmeden (Mart’ın üçüncü haftasında) yapılması ve tohum üretimi için Titicaca çeşidinin bölge için uyun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.It is of great importance to determine the correct sowing dates to ensure technical and physiological maturity that affects high grain yield and quality. With present study, it was aimed to determine the suitable sowing date and varieties in quinoa grown under Igdir irrigated conditions for high seed production. For this purpose, in the adaptation study carried out with 15 quinoa genotypes, Mint Vanilla and Titicaca varieties with the highest seed yield were tested by sowing at 10-day intervals (mid-March, last week of March, early April and mid-April). The study was established according to split plot experimental design on completely randomized blocks with 3 replications in 2017 and 2018. As a result of analysis; the effects of years, sowing dates and varieties on some parameters examined were found to be significant. Accordingly, it was observed that the other parameters except for thousand grain weight (TGW) and crude protein (CP) ratio in stem were higher in 2018. While the highest panicle ratio, TGW, seed yield, harvest index, CP ratio in grain and stem were determined in Titicaca, ripening time, stem thickness, plant height, number of branches, straw and biological yield were determined in Mint Vanilla. Compared to other sowing dates, ripening period, TGW and harvest index were found to be higher in the first sowing period, but stem thickness, plant height, branch number, straw and biological yield in the second sowing date. Consequently, it was concluded that sowings should be done without delay (in the third week of March) to avoid significant decreases in seed yield and quality characteristics and that Titicaca for seed production was the suitable variety for this region.Bu çalışmanın ilk yılı Iğdır Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje Numarası: 2017-FBE-L08
Modeling air pollution levels in volcanic geological regional properties and microclimatic conditions
No full textAir pollution was predicted in this study by using multiple linear regression and 42 different artificial neural network models in Iğdır/Turkey. Daily air quality data for the years 2016–2018 have been used in the modeling. In the prediction of the particulate matter which has 10 µm or less in diameter (PM10) concentration, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, nitrogen monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, relative humidity, air pressure, wind direction and wind speed data were used as input parameters. In the artificial neural network structures, two different learning functions, three different transfer functions and seven different neuron numbers were examined in the MATLAB software. According to results, multiple linear regression did not predict the PM10 concentration in the atmosphere. The R2 value was determined as 0.543 for the multiple linear regression. In this model, the RMSE, MAE and R2 were determined as 0.0488, 0.0248 and 0.9826, respectively. Since the R2 value in this model was quite high, it was concluded that the model is suitable for the prediction of PM10 concentration. © 2020, Islamic Azad University (IAU)
The Aromatic Thermosetting Copolyester for Schottky Diode Applications in a Wide Temperature Range
No full textThe aromatic thermosetting copolyester (ATSP) was deposited on p-Si substrates by the spin coating method, and the thickness of thin film layer was about 50 nm. It was employed to fabricate metal-polymer-semiconductor (MPS) heterojunctions as interfacial layers between metal contact and p type Si. The morphological properties of the Al/ATSP/p-Si heterojunctions were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Atomic Force Microscope. The electrical characteristics of the heterojunctions were analyzed within a wide temperature range between 100 K and 500 K and frequency range. The current–voltage–temperature (I–V–T) characteristics of the MPS heterojunctions were explained by the Thermionic Emission (TE) theory and Norde function. Critical electrical parameters including leakage current (I0), barrier height (?b) and ideality factor (n) and series resistance (Rs) were calculated by I–V–T characteristics in dark conditions. The value of n and ?b was obtained as 2.56 and 0.78 eV at 300 K. The n and ?b values were obtained as strong function of the temperature depending on barrier inhomogeneity. The temperature dependent rectification ratios of the Al/ATSP/p-Si heterojunctions were calculated and discussed in the details considering effective operating temperatures. The capacitance–voltage (C–V) and conductance–voltage (G–V) characteristics were measured at 300 K. To obtain Fermi energy (EF), donor concentration (Na), maximum electric field (Em), ?b and interface states (Nss), were performed on the bases of voltage and frequency at 300 K. From the electrical analysis results, it is proposed that the MPS device can be employed in electronic devices at low and high temperatures. © 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
Corrigendum to “Multi-criteria decision-making in the location selection for a solar PV power plant using AHP” (Measurement (2018) 129 (218–226), (S0263224118306134), (10.1016/j.measurement.2018.07.020))
No full textThe authors would like to draw your attention to the fact that the first author's surname has been changed from Seda Ozdemir to Seda Turk. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2019 Elsevier Lt
ICP-MS and HPLC analyses, enzyme inhibition and antioxidant potential of Achillea schischkinii Sosn.
No full textPubMed: 31677859Achillea schischkinii Sosn. is an endemic plant species and it belongs to Asteraceae family. It is distributed widely in the Central and East Anatolia. This study was carried out for evaluation of the antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition effect, elemental and phenolic content of A. schischkinii. Briefly, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), ?-glycosidase (?-Gly), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes were strongly inhibited by A. schischkinii. IC50 values for AChE, BChE, ?-Gly, and GST enzymes were found as 19.3 mg/mL, 15.4 mg/mL, 69.3 mg/mL, and 34.7 mg/mL respectively. The antioxidant activity of the sample was evaluated by four different in vitro bioanalytical methods. Besides, the concentrations of twelve elements in A. schischkinii were analyzed by ICP-MS technique. Zn (50.6 ppm), Mn (23.0 ppm), and Cu (12.7 ppm) were found as major elements. Furthermore, catechin (20.8 µg/mg extract), trans-ferulic acid (18.3 µg/mg extract), and gallic acid (11.2 µg/mg extract) were characterized as major phenolic compounds by using HPLC. Practical applications: Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, ?-glycosidase, and glutathione s-transferase enzymes have crucial functions on metabolism. Enzyme inhibition or activation mostly attributed to some health disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Diabetes mellitus, cancer and hyperglycemia. Phenolic contents are responsible for effective biological activity. This study evaluated the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Achillea schischkinii as well as the inhibition effect against four metabolic enzymes. The results would be beneficial for using the plant in the food industry and pharmacological process. © 2019 Elsevier Inc
Investigating routes performance of flight profile generated based on the off-design point: Elaboration of commercial aircraft-engine pairing
No full textIn this study, the route performance aspects of B707-JT3D pairing are comprehensively reviewed. A flight route consisting of nine flight operations of the B707-JT3D pairing is defined. The defined flight route was designed to be equivalent to the route a real commercial aircraft is currently exposed to. Parametric cycles were prepared via GasTurb12 software to obtain each flight profile data on the route. The evaluation of the parametric cycle data was carried out by thermodynamic analysis and the performance map of the B707-JT3D pairing is presented. The performance map consists of pressure, temperature, air/fuel mass flow rates, throttle settings, exergy rates, entropy generation rates, exergy efficiency and the exergy destruction function. Ultimately, parameters obtained from the analysis are expected to help understand the linkage between engine selection for commercial aircraft and green flight paths and, therefore, make aircraft-engine pairing more environmentally benign and greener. © 2019 Elsevier Lt
Fortification of milk with plant extracts modifies the acidification and reducing capacities of yoghurt bacteria
No full textThe acidification and reducing capacities of yoghurt bacteria were evaluated in different plant extract-enriched milk samples. The milk samples enriched with thyme and grape seed extracts exhibited the highest values of acidification capacity for Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (LB) (0.0065 pH unit/min) and Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) (0.0068 pH unit/min). The highest values of reducing capacity were observed in thyme (-0.98 mV/min), grape (-1.92 mV/min) and green tea (-0.75 mV/min)-enriched samples for LB, ST and mixed culture of LB + ST, respectively. The fortification of yoghurt with plant extracts modified the acidification and reducing activities of starters, thus changing the fermentation time and quality attributes of the product. © 2019 Society of Dairy TechnologyFDK-2018-6762This study was supported by Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences (Project number, FDK-2018-6762). We thank Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir Halkman from Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University for kindly providing the bacteria strains used in this study
Electrical properties of Al/PCBM:ZnO/p-Si heterojunction for photodiode application
No full textIn this paper, the electrical characteristics of spin-coated PCBM:ZnO interlayered Al/PCBM:ZnO/Si diode are investigated under the aim of photodiode application. Under dark condition, the diode shows about four orders in magnitude rectification rate and diode illumination results in efficient rectification with increase in intensity. The analysis of current-voltage curve results a non-ideal diode characteristics according to the thermionic emission model due to the existence of parasitic resistances and interface states. The measured current-voltage values are used to extract the barrier height and ideality factor under dark and illumination conditions. Under illumination, photo-generated carriers contribute to the current flow and linear photo-conductivity behavior in photo-current measurements with illumination shows the possible use of hybrid PCBM:ZnO layer in Si-based photodiodes. In addition, change in the series and shunt resistance values under illumination is found to be effective in this light-sensing behavior of the diode. This characteristic is also observed from the typical on/off illumination switching behavior for the photodiodes in transient photo-current, photo-capacitance and photo-conductance measurements with the quick response to the illumination. The deviations from ideality are also discussed by means of distribution of interface states and series resistance depending on the applied frequency and bias voltage. © 2020Selçuk Üniversitesi: 19401034This work is supported by Selçuk University BAP office with the research Project Number 19401034
A Novel Group Decision-Making Method Based on Linguistic Neutrosophic Maclaurin Symmetric Mean (Revision IV)
No full textLinguistic neutrosophic number (LNN) is a specific form of neutrosophic number whose elements are expressed by linguistic terms. Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator is one of the basic collection operators in the modern knowledge fusion theory. Its most important feature is to consider the interrelationships among multiple input arguments. Multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) with linguistic neutrosophic information is considered. First, we present some basic concepts, then we combine the MSM operator with linguistic neutrosophic environment and develop a sequence of linguistic neutrosophic MSM operators which are the linguistic neutrosophic Maclaurin symmetric mean (LNMSM) operator, the weighted linguistic neutrosophic Maclaurin symmetric mean (WLNMSM) operator, linguistic neutrosophic dual Maclaurin symmetric mean (LNDMSM) operator, and the weighted linguistic neutrosophic dual Maclaurin symmetric mean (WLNDMSM) operator. We look into some features of them such as monotonicity, boundedness, and idempotency and then discuss some special situations of these operators. A new idea based on the WLNMSM operator is proposed to solve an MAGDM problem where evaluation information is composed of LNNs. It is worth mentioning that the weight information of the decision-makers (DMs) and the attributes are completely unknown. In conclusion, a comparison analysis is performed with the existing methods. The developed method is based on both the WLNMSM operator which considers the interrelationships among any number of input arguments and LNNs which is a combination of the neutrosophic numbers, linguistic variables. At the same time, it also has the advantages of mentioned components. So, it enables preventing the loss or distortion of the original decision information in the decision-making process. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature