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Typologies spatiales de la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle appliquées à l’agriculture et aux chaînes de valeur alimentaires dans l’Est de la RDC
No full textLe présent document applique une combinaison de deux typologies spatiales de la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle à la région Est de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC) dans le but de guider la conception des futures interventions dans le domaine de l’agriculture et des chaînes de valeur alimentaires. L’intégration des deux typologies a permis d’estimer des inefficacités absolues et relatives tout au long du système alimentaire (du potentiel agricole à la nutrition) et d’aboutir à neuf profils uniques de faible efficacité dans les territoires et les grandes villes de la région du Grand Kivu et du Tanganyika. En plus de la faible efficacité d’utilisation observée dans certaines zones, la plupart des zones d’intervention du projet PICAGL, en particulier Uvira et Kalemie, souffrent de contraintes importantes sur le marché et pourraient donc bénéficier considérablement du développement des chaînes de valeur alimentaires. Bien que ce document s’appuie sur les données disponibles les plus récentes et les plus désagrégées dans l’espace (ce qui constitue une amélioration majeure par rapport aux statistiques agricoles du pays), les typologies proposées ne sauraient mettre à jour tous les obstacles qui entravent le développement des chaînes de valeur agricoles dans la région.Non-PRIFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; spatial typologies; PICAGLAF
Gender, poverty, and disability in the National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2017-2019 of Indonesia and ways forward
No full textOver the past two decades Indonesia has undergone a major economic transformation including reducing the poverty rate by more than half to a current level of about 10% and becoming the 10th largest economy in the world. However, as the fourth most populous nation, this means that about 25 million Indonesians are living below the poverty line and even more are at-risk of falling into poverty. Although Indonesia’s economic growth has been impressive, indices related to human development and inclusion indicate that there is room for improvement. Across several indices, Indonesia is ranked in the bottom third to the bottom half of all countries.Non-PRIFPRI1; Voice for Change Partnership; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Characteristics of fruit and vegetable MSMEs in Ethiopia: Case of Addis Ababa and Ziway/Batu
No full textThis study documents the characteristics and functioning of fruit and vegetable (FV) value chains in select places in Ethiopia. The case study employed a mixed methods approach, including a survey of 340 FV traders, six focus group discussions (FGDs), and analysis of the policy environment with respect to food and nutrition, the business climate, and the role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in delivering safe, affordable, and nutritious foods to consumers. Among the nine types of actors that participate in the FV market and were interviewed, the majority (more than 73 percent) were retailers operating either within or outside of wet markets.Non-PRIFPRI1; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; CRP4A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Poverty impacts of food price increases in Mali
No full textBecause of low incomes and associated large shares of expenditure on food, Mali is potentially very vulnerable to sharp increases in the prices of key grain staples such as maize and wheat. A first step in understanding the impacts of changes in the prices of these products is to examine develop ments in their prices on world markets. After a long period of relatively stable prices on world mar kets, the prices of key food staples began to rise during 2020. This period of price increases, span ning the COVID-19 pandemic and then the price shocks following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine raised serious concerns about the welfare of poor people in countries such as Mali.Non-PRIFPRI1; RIAPA; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food IndustryMarkets, Trade, and Institutions (MTI); Food and Nutrition Polic
Acting before disaster strikes: The impacts of anticipatory cash transfers on climate resilience in Northeast Nigeria
No full textIn flood-prone communities in Northeast Nigeria, we used a randomized evaluation to measure the impacts of providing cash transfers to households before the onset of a shock (“anticipatory cash”) compared to the standard practice of providing cash transfers after a shock occurs.
Results indicate that providing anticipatory cash to households in flood-prone areas reduced negative coping strategies, increased pre-emptive climate adaptive actions, and enhanced investment in productive assets compared to households that received cash after peak flooding occurred.
The findings suggest that large, one-time anticipatory cash transfers can build households’ climate adaptive and resilience capacity, making them a promising intervention to reduce household vulnerability to future climate shocks.Non-PR1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; IFPRI2; Capacity StrengtheningDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Shrimp value chains in Bangladesh: A scoping study of possible research interventions
No full textShrimp is Bangladesh’s main agricultural export and makes a substantial contribution to the economy of southern Bangladesh, but the sector has a checkered history. Bangladesh’s shrimp production and exports have been in steady decline, since peaking in the early 2010’s. Most shrimp exports from Bangladesh are used by the food service and niche ethnic markets in Europe.
The complex nature of shrimp supply chains in Bangladesh, comprised of hundreds of thousands of small polyculture farms and tens of thousands of small traders, make it difficult to implement tracea bility and certification initiatives – now a prerequisite for entry into most supermarket supply chains.
This report provides an overview of the sector and the challenges it faces, drawing on secondary and survey data, reviews of government reports and academic literature. We also report the findings of an expert consultation conducted to identify key constraints and potential solutions.
The consensus among industry stakeholders who were part of the expert consultations is that issues related to the supply and quality of shrimp seed and pond management practices represent some of the most pressing, yet relatively simple-to-solve challenges currently faced by the sector. This would serve as the foundation for establishing traceability and certification processes. Previous interventions aimed at upgrading production practices (such as promoting stocking of disease-free shrimp seed) and facilitating disintermediation and transparency in the supply chain (such as by establishing producer groups, shrimp collection centers, and contracts with processors), have met with limited success. We outline potential interventions and partners that might offer scalable solutions enabling small shrimp farmers to access global markets.Non-PRIFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food IndustryDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in Kenya's food system: Economic interdependencies and policy opportunities
No full textLow- and middle-income countries worldwide share the common challenge of achieving sustainable economic development while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This challenge is complex due to the interconnectedness of economic activities, where policies targeting one industry can have ripple effects on others. Therefore, it is crucial to understand integrated GHG emissions and their relationships across industries within an economy to inform effective policy formulation. Kenya, as a middle-income country experiencing rapid economic growth, faces an urgent need to address this challenge. This study analyzes the economic relationships between agricultural production, the food industry, and other sectors of the economy in Kenya to identify key drivers of national GHG emissions from the food system. To accomplish this, an environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) table is employed to calculate both direct and indirect emissions for 38 activities of Kenya’s economy, as well as emissions embodied in final goods. Direct emissions refer to those generated during the production process of an activity, while indirect emissions are produced by other activities that provide inputs to the activity of interest. The findings reveal that agriculture is the largest contributor to GHG emissions in Kenya, with the majority of emissions stemming from direct sources such as enteric fermentation and manure management in livestock production. Additionally, the study finds that total emission intensity in the manufacturing sector is considerably higher than in most agricultural activities, except for livestock production, primarily due to the significant level of indirect emissions associated with manufacturing processes. Within the agricultural sector, cereals and livestock production exhibit high levels of direct emissions, while export crops like coffee and tea, as well as vegetable cultivation, show relatively higher indirect emissions. Addressing GHG emissions from the livestock sector emerges as a crucial step in significantly reducing agricultural emissions in Kenya. The dairy sub-sector presents an opportunity for intensification and technological advancements, as climate-smart technologies have already demonstrated their potential to enhance productivity while reducing emissions. Conversely, mitigating GHG emissions in beef production, which is primarily concentrated in ecologically fragile areas, will require institutional innovations focusing on rangeland management, disease control, and scaling up livestock marketing efforts. While the intensification of dairy production can contribute to agricultural growth and development in Kenya, its impact on mitigating GHG emissions is expected to be limited at the national scale.Non-PRIFPRI1; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesInnovation Policy and Scaling (IPS); Transformation Strategie
Examining the gender digital divide: A case study from rural Nigeria
No full textRural Nigeria, with its diverse cultural and socio economic landscapes, presents unique challenges when it comes to digital inclusion. Traditional gender roles, limited educational opportunities, inadequate infrastructure, and sociocultural norms often combine to create barriers that disproportionately affect women’s access to digital technologies. As a result, women in rural areas face significant challenges in acquiring digital skills, accessing online information and services, and participating in digital platforms, thus perpetuating the gender gap and further marginalizing women from the benefits of the digital revolution.
This policy note summarizes research designed to highlight the barriers female farmers in Nigeria face in accessing technology and information so that stakeholders can work together to ensure that Nigeria’s rural women are equipped with the necessary tools and resources to thrive in the digital age and contribute meaningfully to their communities.Non-PRIFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; G Cross-cutting gender theme; GCAN; Feed the Future Initiative; BIHSInnovation Policy and Scaling (IPS); Natural Resources and Resilience (NRR); Transformation Strategie
Policy coalitions in food systems transformation
No full textCoalitions—or a set of individuals and groups with shared policy preferences—lie at the heart of political economy.¹ They are also often considered central to policy change. For instance, in 1999, the president of the World Bank argued that many of the world’s most intractable development issues could only be tackled by marshaling “coalitions for change” (Wolfensohn 1999). The implied positive potential of coalitions was reiterated during the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit, where coalitions were seen as a fundamental tool for addressing the multi-sectoral and multi-scalar nature of food systems transformation. In fact, more than two dozen coalitions were formed to address various elements of the food system, from halting deforestation to improving data to enhancing wages for food system workers.PRIFPRI4; CRP2; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; UNFSSDGO; Development Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategies; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Double jeopardy: COVID-19, coup d'état and poverty in Myanmar
No full textMyanmar experienced multiple COVID shocks as well as a military takeover in February 2021. Impacts on household poverty remain uncertain, however, because large-scale in-person surveys were impossible during the pandemic and heightened internal conflict. We use ex ante simulation models and phone survey evidence to estimate the poverty effects of these shocks and identify factors correlated with them. While each approach has limitations, and cannot explicitly validate each other, they both indicate rising rural and urban poverty and capital-depleting coping mechanisms. Wider use of simulation modeling could help mobilize social protection faster than waiting for survey results in emergencies.PRIFPRI3; ISI; MAPSA; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie