Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía

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    Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of choriolysins, and biological activity of hatching liquid in the flatfish Senegalese sole

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    The hatching enzymes or choriolysins are key proteases in fish life cycle controlling the release of larvae to surrounding environment that have been suggested as target for novel biotechnological uses. Due to the large amounts of eggs released by the flatfish Solea senegalensis, during the spawning season, the hatching liquid properties and choriolysin-encoding genes were investigated in this species. A genomic analysis identified four putative genes referred to as SseHCEa, SseHCEb, SseLCE and SseHE. The phylogenetic analysis classified these paralogs into two clades, the clade I containing SseHCE paralogs and the clade II containing two well-supported subclades named as HE and LCE. The two SseHCE paralogs were intron-less and both genes were tandemly arrayed very close in the genome. The synteny and gene rearrangement identified in the flatfish lineage indicated that the duplication of these two paralogs occurred recently and they are under divergent evolution. The genes SseHE and SseLCE were structured in 8 exons and 7 introns and the synteny was conserved in teleosts. Expression studies confirmed that the four genes were expressed in the hatching gland cells and they migrate co-ordinately from the head to around the yolk sac close to the hatch with specific temporal and intensity expression profiles. Although the mRNA levels of the four genes peaked in the hours previous to larval hatching, the SseHCE and SseLCE paralogs kept a longer expression than SseHE after hatching. These expression patterns were consistent even when larvae were incubated at different temperatures that modified hatching times. The analysis of hatching-liquid using SDS-PAGE and zymography analyses of hatching liquid identified a major band of expected choriolysin size. The optimal pH for protease activity was 8.5 and inhibition assays using EDTA demonstrated that most of the activity in the hatching liquid was due to metalloproteases with Ca2+ ions acting as the most effective metal to restore the activity. All these data provide new clues about the choriolysin evolution and function in flatfish with impact in the aquaculture and the blue cosmetic industryThe hatching enzymes or choriolysins are key proteases in fish life cycle controlling the release of larvae to surrounding environment that have been suggested as target for novel biotechnological uses. Due to the large amounts of eggs released by the flatfish Solea senegalensis, during the spawning season, the hatching liquid properties and choriolysin-encoding genes were investigated in this species. A genomic analysis identified four putative genes referred to as SseHCEa, SseHCEb, SseLCE and SseHE. The phylogenetic analysis classified these paralogs into two clades, the clade I containing SseHCE paralogs and the clade II containing two well-supported subclades named as HE and LCE. The two SseHCE paralogs were intron-less and both genes were tandemly arrayed very close in the genome. The synteny and gene rearrangement identified in the flatfish lineage indicated that the duplication of these two paralogs occurred recently and they are under divergent evolution. The genes SseHE and SseLCE were structured in 8 exons and 7 introns and the synteny was conserved in teleosts. Expression studies confirmed that the four genes were expressed in the hatching gland cells and they migrate co-ordinately from the head to around the yolk sac close to the hatch with specific temporal and intensity expression profiles. Although the mRNA levels of the four genes peaked in the hours previous to larval hatching, the SseHCE and SseLCE paralogs kept a longer expression than SseHE after hatching. These expression patterns were consistent even when larvae were incubated at different temperatures that modified hatching times. The analysis of hatching-liquid using SDS-PAGE and zymography analyses of hatching liquid identified a major band of expected choriolysin size. The optimal pH for protease activity was 8.5 and inhibition assays using EDTA demonstrated that most of the activity in the hatching liquid was due to metalloproteases with Ca2+ ions acting as the most effective metal to restore the activity. All these data provide new clues about the choriolysin evolution and function in flatfish with impact in the aquaculture and the blue cosmetic industry</p

    Response to irrigation which influence Verticillium Wilt of Olive

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    El presente documento muestra los resultados de un ensayo de larga duraci&oacute;n en el que se han evaluado diversos par&aacute;metros morfol&oacute;gicos y fisiol&oacute;gicos para determinar la influencia del riego en el desarrollo de la Verticilosis del Olivo.</p

    Economic study of the cultivation of corn

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    El desarrollo de un sistema sostenible en el cultivo de ma&iacute;z precisa, adem&aacute;s de investigaciones de naturaleza agron&oacute;mica, de la realizaci&oacute;n de estudios, escasos en la actualidad, sobre la viabilidad econ&oacute;mica del cultivo.El objetivo de este documento es facilitar informaci&oacute;n financiera detallada (costes del cultivo e ingresos) basada en la campa&ntilde;a 2018, en concreto:&bull; Describir las labores y operaciones de cultivo (aperos usados, tipo y cantidad de agroqu&iacute;micos aplicados, mano de obra empleada, etc.). &bull; Estimar los costes de cultivo, correspondientes a dichas labores y operaciones.&bull; Predecir los distintos escenarios de rentabilidad basados en los diversos horizontes de precios de mercado del ma&iacute;z.&bull; Estimar las econom&iacute;as externas al sector usando los resultados del estudio financiero.</p

    Aflatoxins in Maize Grain. Flow Diagram and APPCC System in Field, Reception and Warehouse

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    Una amplia gama de hongos son capaces de producir distintos tipos de micotoxinas. En el caso de las aflatoxinas, los hongos productores m&aacute;s conocidos son del g&eacute;nero Aspergillus. Entre los cultivos m&aacute;s afectados figura el ma&iacute;z. Este documento contempla el diagrama de flujo de referencia, resaltando los puntos cr&iacute;ticos de control y la mejora de la metodolog&iacute;a de toma de muestras en campo, en almacenaje, la realizaci&oacute;n de ensayos sobre el grado de susceptibilidad varietal a infecciones por Aspergillus as&iacute; como la realizaci&oacute;n de encuestas a agricultores a fin de conocer su grado de conocimiento sobre el problema.</p

    Agronomic and Enological Study of the Gordal Blanca Variety Cultivated in the Altiplano area of ¿¿Granada. 2013-2018 Results

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    El inter&eacute;s por conservar y conseguir un mejor aprovechamiento de un recurso local como la variedad de vid Gordal, ha sido la base de un proyecto de desarrollo socioecon&oacute;mico que ha aglutinado a un organismo p&uacute;blico de investigaci&oacute;n el Instituto de Investigaci&oacute;n y Formaci&oacute;n Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), al Grupo de Desarrollo Rural (GDR) del Altiplano de Granada, as&iacute; como a viticultores y bodegueros de la comarca, todos remando en la misma direcci&oacute;n para conseguir la recuperaci&oacute;n, conservaci&oacute;n y puesta en valor de esta variedad local que puede ser se&ntilde;a de identidad del sector vitivin&iacute;cola de la comarca del Altiplano de Granada.</p

    Aprende a pronunciar Results of trials of new varieties of soft wheat in Andalusia. Campaign 2018/2019

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    Existe la necesidad de mejorar la producci&oacute;n de cereales para responder al aumento de la demanda dealimentos. En 2050, el aumento de la producci&oacute;n se estima en un 60%. Los cereales: ma&iacute;z, arroz y eltrigo, representan el 42,5% de todas las calor&iacute;as humanas.La mejora no s&oacute;lo es respecto del rendimiento, tambi&eacute;n respecto a la sostenibilidad del cultivo en general.Mejorar la producci&oacute;n, la calidad nutricional, reducir los costes y mantener el medio ambiente son lasclaves del futuro de la agricultura.Desde Europa se est&aacute; apostando claramente por esta l&iacute;nea de trabajo, potenciando as&iacute; la sostenibilidad delas explotaciones, favoreciendo la rotaci&oacute;n de cultivos, con especial menci&oacute;n a las leguminosas. De estemodo, en los secanos andaluces alternar&aacute;n los cereales de invierno, girasol y leguminosas.</p

    Results of the trials of varieties of Sunflower resistant to Jopo (Orobanche cumana) in Andalusia. Campaign 2019 .

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    El objetivo de esta publicaci&oacute;n es transmitir anualmente informaci&oacute;n sobre las caracter&iacute;sticas vegetativas, producci&oacute;n de semilla y contenido en aceite de las nuevas variedades de girasol resistentes a jopo, en diferentes ambientes, as&iacute; como de su resistencia a determinadas enfermedades muy extendidas en Andaluc&iacute;a. De esta forma una r&aacute;pida visi&oacute;n del documento permitir&aacute; orientar al agricultor a la hora de tomar decisiones sobre la variedad a cultivar, en funci&oacute;n de las condiciones agroclim&aacute;ticas de su explotaci&oacute;n.</p

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    Technical document showing the results of studies on the possible impacts of climate change on the Andalusian irrigated maize cropping system and adaptation measures evaluated to limit themResultados de estudios sobre los posibles impactos del cambio clim&aacute;tico sobre el cultivo del ma&iacute;z regad&iacute;o en Andaluc&iacute;a y medidas de adaptaci&oacute;n evaluadas para limitarlos.</p

    Impact of climate change on the Andalusian agriculture: Corn

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    Los efectos del cambio clim&aacute;tico sobre el cultivo del ma&iacute;z han sido ampliamente estudiados a nivel europeo y mundial debido a su importancia econ&oacute;mica y social. En Andaluc&iacute;a, aunque su cultivo es relativamente bajo en comparaci&oacute;n con otros cultivos, es interesante su estudio al ser un cereal con altos requerimientos de riego y productividad baja, generando serias dudas sobre su sostenibilidad en el medio y largo plazo. As&iacute;, el ma&iacute;z se ha mostrado muy sensible tanto al estr&eacute;s h&iacute;drico como t&eacute;rmico, factores que hacen a este cultivo especialmente vulnerable al impacto del cambio clim&aacute;tico.</p

    Strawberry varieties evaluation in biosolarized soil

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    En este trabajo se presentan los datos obtenidos durante esta &uacute;ltima campa&ntilde;a 2017/2018, en la que se han caracterizado un total de 12 variedades&nbsp; seleccionadas&nbsp; entre&nbsp; las&nbsp; que&nbsp; actualmente&nbsp; est&aacute;n disponibles en el mercado. En concreto en el ensayo realizado en&nbsp; la&nbsp; Finca Experimental &lsquo;El Cebollar&rsquo; (perteneciente al IFAPA)&nbsp;donde se han utilizado t&eacute;cnicas de cultivo convencional, con la salvedad del uso de&nbsp; la&nbsp; t&eacute;cnica&nbsp; de&nbsp; la&nbsp; biosolarizaci&oacute;n para&nbsp; la&nbsp; desinfecci&oacute;n&nbsp; del&nbsp; suelo previa a la plantaci&oacute;n.</p

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