Hochschule Konstanz University of Applied Sciences
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Implementation and Profitability of Prefabricated Rammed Earth for the Maun Science Park
Get PDFWith the increasing challenges of the 21st century, such as a rapidly growing population, increasing hunger and the destruction of the environment, the demand for sustainable and future-oriented ways of living is growing. To meet this demand, a residential district named Maun Science Park is being built in Botswana to develop a resilient society. In addition to the application of modern technology to optimise the use of resources, the environmentally friendly construction of the buildings is another goal of the project. This thesis investigates the prefabrication of rammed earth in terms of implementation and profitability for the Maun Science Park.
For this purpose, the specific properties, handling, as well as the application of the building material in prefabrication are first discussed.
This is followed by an investigation of how the work processes of prefabrication can be implemented in the Maun Science Park. Based on this, a profitability test is carried out using a break-even and sensitivity analysis.
The analyses showed that the investment in prefabrication is not profitable within the assumed production volume, which is due to the high fixed costs. These are primarily generated by the two main cost drivers, consisting of the new construction of the production hall and the rental of heavy construction equipment.
Lastly, recommendations for action were formulated that provide for a cost reduction in both the two main cost drivers as well as for other decisive factors
Lebensdauerberechnungen mit FEM
No full textDieses Lehrbuch zeigt, wie die in einem Bauteil auftretenden Spannungen mit Hilfe der FEM-Methode bestimmt werden können. Dazu wird zunächst auf mechanische Grundlagen und das Materialverhalten eingegangen, bevor die Spannungen in einer überschaubaren Fachwerksgeometrie und in Volumenelementen berechnet werden. Anschließend wird dargestellt, wie aus den Spannungen die Betriebsfestigkeit der Bauteile unter determinierten und stochastischen Lasten abgeleitet werden kann. Dabei wird auch die FKM-Richtlinie berücksichtigt. Für den fortgeschrittenen Leser werden die Grundlagen durch Berechnungsverfahren ergänzt, die bei anspruchsvolleren Berechnungsmodellen angewandt werden müssen
Marktbedarf, technologische Entwicklung, Stand der Technik nachhaltiger Baumethoden unter Verwendung neuer exponentieller Technologien der Vierten Industriellen Revolution
Get PDFDer Inhalt dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit der Erläuterung von Technologien der Industrie 4.0. Diese Technologie soll in Verbindung mit einem Stampfprozess die altbewährte Stampflehmbauweise wieder mehr ins Leben rufen. Dabei soll in dieser Arbeit über die technischen Funktionalitäten, die relevanten Parameter sowie über den Stand der Technik aufgeklärt werden. Darüber hinaus wird in einer Markabschätzung das Potential des Stampflehms als nachhaltige Baumethode und Ersatz für anderweitige Baumethoden untersucht. Hierbei werden die Vor- und Nachteile nochmals aufgezeigt, um eine bessere Beurteilung möglich zu machen. Die Meinungen und Erfahrungen von Experten sind in dieser Arbeit aufbauend miteingeflossen.The content of this thesis deals with the explanation of technologies of Industry 4.0. In connection with a ramming process and this new technology is intended to bring the welltried and tested rammed earth construction back to life. This thesis would explain the technical functionalities, the relevant parameters and the state of the art. In addition, the potential of rammed earth as a sustainable construction method and a substitute for other construction methods is being examined in a market assessment. The advantages and disadvantages were shown again in order to make a better assessment possible. The opinions and experiences of experts have been incorporated into this work
Digital Health and Care Study on Elderly Monitoring
Get PDFSustainable technologies are being increasingly used in various areas of human life. While they have a multitude of benefits, they are especially useful in health monitoring, especially for certain groups of people, such as the elderly. However, there are still several issues that need to be addressed before its use becomes widespread. This work aims to clarify the aspects that are of great importance for increasing the acceptance of the use of this type of technology in the elderly. In addition, we aim to clarify whether the technologies that are already available are able to ensure acceptable accuracy and whether they could replace some of the manual approaches that are currently being used. A two-week study with people 65 years of age and over was conducted to address the questions posed here, and the results were evaluated. It was demonstrated that simplicity of use and automatic functioning play a crucial role. It was also concluded that technology cannot yet completely replace traditional methods such as questionnaires in some areas. Although the technologies that were tested were classified as being “easy to use”, the elderly population in the current study indicated that they were not sure that they would use these technologies regularly in the long term because the added value is not always clear, among other issues. Therefore, awareness-raising must take place in parallel with the development of technologies and services
Understanding the heterogeneity of corporate entrepreneurship programs
No full textIn today's volatile market environments, companies must be able to continuously innovate. In this context, innovation does not only refer to the development of new products or business models but often also affects the entire organization, which has to transform its structures, processes, and ways of working.Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) programs are often used by established companies to address these innovation and transformation challenges. In general, they are understood as formalized entrepreneurial activities to (1) support internal corporate ventures or (2) work with external startups. The organizational design and value creation of CE programs exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity. On the one hand, this heterogeneity makes CE programs a valuable management tool that can be used for many purposes. On the other hand, it can be seen as a reason for the current challenges that companies experience in effectively using and managing CE programs.By systematically analyzing 54 different cases in established companies in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria, this study contributes to a better understanding of the heterogeneity of CE programs. The taxonomic approach provides clearly defined types of CE programs that are distinguished according to their organizational design and the outputs they generate
The Euro and SUT-RAS Methods: some further considerations
Get PDFThe main objective of this paper is to revisit the Euro method in a critical and constructive way.Wehave analysed some arguments against the Euro method published recently in the literature as well as some other relevant aspects of the SUT-Euro and SUT-RAS methods not covered before. Although not being the Euro method perfect, we believe that there is still space for the use of the Euro method in updating/regionalizing Supply and Use tables
Reduced Complexity Hard- and Soft input BCH Decoding with Applications in Concatenated Codes
Get PDFError correction coding for optical communication and storage requires high rate codes that enable high data throughput and low residual errors. Recently, different concatenated coding schemes were proposed that are based on binary BCH codes with low error correcting capabilities. In this work, low-complexity hard- and soft-input decoding methods for such codes are investigated. We propose three concepts to reduce the complexity of the decoder. For the algebraic decoding we demonstrate that Peterson's algorithm can be more efficient than the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm for single, double, and triple error correcting BCH codes. We propose an inversion-less version of Peterson's algorithm and a corresponding decoding architecture. Furthermore, we propose a decoding approach that combines algebraic hard-input decoding with soft-input bit-flipping decoding. An acceptance criterion is utilized to determine the reliability of the estimated codewords. For many received codewords the stopping criterion indicates that the hard-decoding result is sufficiently reliable, and the costly soft-input decoding can be omitted. To reduce the memory size for the soft-values, we propose a bit-flipping decoder that stores only the positions and soft-values of a small number of code symbols. This method significantly reduces the memory requirements and has little adverse effect on the decoding performance
Konzeptentwurf eines Stadtbusnetzes der Stadt Konstanz
Get PDFDas Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Konzeption eines untergeordneten Stadtbusnetzes der Stadt Konstanz. Dabei wurde auf einem bereits entwickelten Entwurf eines übergeordneten Netzes aufgesetzt. Durch die Kombination dieser beiden entstand ein Gesamtbusnetz.
Im ersten Schritt wurde eine breit gefächerte Bestandsanalyse durchgeführt, inbegriffen war dabei eine Analyse des übergeordneten Busnetzes. Die gebündelten Ergebnisse gaben den Rahmen für die Konzeption vor. Danach folgte der schrittweise Entwurf der einzelnen Linien des untergeordneten Netzes. Im letzten Schritt der Konzeption wurden die Linien an wichtigen Umsteigeknoten und Parkräumen aufeinander abgestimmt.
Aus der genannten Analyse resultierten diverse Anforderungen für die Konzeption eines neuen Busnetzes. Hierbei konnte die Anbindung an die Bahn und das neu entstehende Mobilitätszentrum besonders hervorgehoben werden. Das Ergebnis der Konzeption waren elf Buslinien, die dem untergeordneten Netz zugewiesen werden können. Gemeinsam mit den fünf Linien des übergeordneten Entwurfs bilden sie ein Gesamtstadtbusnetz. Dabei wurden die Streckenverläufe der Linien aufeinander abgestimmt, sodass ein breitgefächertes Netz an Direktverbindungen entstehen konnte. Mithilfe der Abstimmung an Umsteigeknoten konnten sinnvolle Umsteigerelationen geschaffen werden, wodurch die Direktverbindungen zu einer flächendeckenden Anbindung der Stadtteile an relevante Ziele im Stadtgebiet erweitert wurden.
Auf theoretischer Ebene wurde hier aufgezeigt, wie ein neues Buskonzept der Stadt Konstanz gestaltet sein kann. Das vorliegende Konzept sollte in einer separaten Arbeit auf eine tatsächliche Umsetzbarkeit geprüft werden