ILIRIA International Review
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Means of Evidence and Evidence Collection in Contested Procedure in Kosovo
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to serve as a helpful tool for students, jurists, lawyers, judges and others, in the profesional and scientific aspect. In ruling a contested procedure in a professional manner, the court has to find the truth, so that the contested procedure is most efficient until reaching the final verdict. In my research, I intend to enrich the science with my knowledge in the field of contested procedure.In this study I have used analytical, comparative, synthesis, generalization and other methods.Those reading this paper will understand how evidence is the most important part in a fair trial, since failure to prove claims very often leads towards an incorrect situation; they will understand how difficult and painful would be forfeiting rights for the litigating party, which would lead to serious changes, such as losing property, losing a job, compensation of personal income, compensation for damage caused.The paper in itself contains deposited evidence, which maintain the level of estimation from the court in order to make a judgment in a contested procedure with a court verdict.In this paper I present the subject of: “Means of evidence and evidence collection in contested procedure”, where I have tried to research the theory but also the practice in contested proceedings, addressing the positive aspects, the deficiencies and novelties. In the legal provisions of the Law on Contested Procedure of theRepublicofKosovo, no. 03/L-006, of 30 June 2008, and Law no. 04/L-118, of 13 September 2012, on amendments to the Law on Contested Procedure, evidentiary means and evidence collection are included in chapter XXII
Similarities and Differences of the Emerging Prison Problems in England and Wales vs. Kosovo: a Sociological and Criminological Perspective
Get PDFPrisons are probably the most debatable institutions within the Criminal Justice System in any given country and as such demand contemporary explanation and understanding. Despite the fact that prisons affect the life of many people, not only of those incarcerated but also of their families and friends, nevertheless they do not receive the necessary attention; instead they remain the most enigmatic and less interesting organizations amongst the Criminal Justice System in general.This paper, by using a literature review approach, looks into some of the most important debates, similarities and differences respectively, about prisons in England and Wales, and Kosovo. Whilst most of the problems both countries face are of similar nature, Kosovo nevertheless faces some additional problems which are not visible in the England and Wales prisons. The paper further examines the causes of these problems in the Kosovo prisons and the involvement of the international community and their efforts in assisting Kosovo in fixing the problems in the field of corrections as part of the Kosovo state-building process.The paper will show that both countries face difficulties with similar problem areas such as overcrowding, running costs, and so on. However, compared to England and Wales, the problems Kosovo prison system is facing are of a more serious and complicated nature which require serious involvement of the Kosovo government and policy makers as well as the international community which has been present in Kosovo since 1999
Internal and International Corruption
Get PDFThis subject, whence the name of this paper originates from, must be addressed with courage and intellectual integrity by all of us, the different parts of the civil society, the public institutions, the entrepreneurs and the legal professionals, the youth and the new generations.All the public policies of the European governments share the belief of a direct correlation between the criminal density connected to corruption of States political and economic protagonists and the lack of availability of investments on young talents, new generations, both in the entrepreneurial and in the professional fields. In most Member States, anticorruption policies have gained an increased prominence in government agendas and the financial crisis has drawn attention to the integrity and accountability of policy-makers.Most Member States that are currently in serious financial difficulties have acknowledged the seriousness of issues related to corruption and have created (or are planning) anticorruption programs in order to deal with the risks deriving from this issue and with the diversion of public funds. In some Member States, the economic adjustment programs provide for explicit obligations related to anti-corruption policies. Even when not formally connected to adjustment programs, anticorruption policies complement the adjustment measures, especially in those countries in which corruption is a serious issue. During the European Semester of economic policy coordination, recommendations for efficiently fighting corruption have been laid out; Among the most vulnerable sectors, urban development and building projects are certainly very exposed to corruption risks and to infiltration of internal and transnational organized crime
The Establishment, Scope, and the Completion of the Mission of International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
Get PDFThis paper will treat the establishment, scope, and the completion of the mission of International Criminal Tribunal for formerYugoslavia. It is well known that this Tribunal, respectively The Hague Tribunal, is established with a resolution of United Nations Security Council, for the purpose of establishing peace in the troubled region ofYugoslavia. Since its establishment, the Tribunal has held many judicial processes, by bringing in front of the justice even the heads of states and people with significant state positions.Currently, the tribunal is in the completion phase of its mandate set by the United Nations resolution. For this reason, the tribunal does not accept new cases in order not to extend its completion phase of the mandate.The paper as such, has a practical importance because it will examine the success and challenges that this international court level has faced. Moreover, it will point out also the Completion strategy of this tribunal, where it is presumed that the cases will be transferred to the local justice in order not to overload the court with other cases
Local Businesses and the Importance of Supporting Them
Get PDFThis study will provide us with detailed information about the importance of supporting local businesses. The material will include several aspects: (1) the importance of supporting local businesses, (2) Case Study of Gjilan’s municipality: support of local businesses from the municipal level -Gjilan, (3) Businesses in Kosovo: The importance of supporting local businesses in Kosovo, an overview of their financial difficulties.We will use different methods for data processing: For the presentation of results we will use graphical and tabular methods, as well as information collected by the country's official institutions that are responsible for supporting local businesses.Through these methods we will try to provide with a comprehensive overview of the problems and barriers that local businesses are dealing at the local level, aiming to create a stronger relationship between local businesses and local level with the purpose of creating greater profits for businesses as well as the economy in general
Orientalism, Balkanism and the Western Viewpoint in the Context of Former Yugoslavia
Get PDFThis research paper examines the role of the Orientalist and Balkanist discourse in the Former Yugoslavia with a particular focus on Albanians. Here, Western Orientalist and Balkanist stereotypes of the Former Yugoslavia are examined arguing that the Orientalism and Balkanism of people living in the Former Yugoslavia is and was viewed differently from the standard by the West and by the people living in the Former Yugoslavia in the way how they perceive each other. The first part of this research paper treats the Orientalism and Balkanism in the context of people living in the Former Yugoslavia, in general.The second part of this research paper analyzes the case study of the application of the Orientalist and Balkanist theoretical lenses on one of the nations living in the Former Yugoslavia, namely Albanians. Here, some explorations and thoughts are provided on how Albanians define themselves and how they were perceived by the South Slavic majority living in the Former Yugoslavia.There are three authors and, subsequently, three seminal works that shall serve as pillars of this theoretical analysis: concepts of Edward Said’s “Orientalism,” Bakic-Hayden’s theories on Orientalist variations and nesting Orientalism, and Maria Todorova’s ground-breaking analysis of the external practices of Balkans representation. These provide a useful theoretical framework through which to explore the distribution of the Orientalist and Balkanist discourses in Former Yugoslavia
Is China’s Rise going to be Peaceful?
Get PDFThis research paper maintains the notion the “Rise of China” at its core, while attempting to theoretically conceptualize its implications toward the current world order. It has also put a strong emphasis on the various relevant elements, which have mainly shaped the behavior of China in the global arena in various time periods. The theoretical framework used in this paper has been largely based on the school of thought of “Political Realism, where questions such as “Is China a status quo or revisionist power?” and “Is China’s Economic interdependence with other countries and the attitude of China neighbors reason enough to permit its peaceful rise?” have been analyzed accordingly following the guidelines and principles of that specific school of thought. Lastly, this paper proposes that China’s rise cannot be peaceful unless the world leadership will facilitate its further incorporation in the international system and perceives China as part of the solution instead of the problem.
Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Children of War Veterans in Kosovo
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to explore internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescent children of veterans of the war in Kosovo (1998-1999). The results of this study are quite interesting from the perspective of the dilemma for the state of the children of veterans even 15 years after the war ended. Parents’ emotional problems affect the functioning of the family in general and children in particular. Children can react to symptoms of parents by developing different symptoms as trouble sleeping, appetite loss, emotional instability or even problems in development, according to research done on children's reactions to the problems of parents explained by interactions between environment, brain and behaviour driven by trauma.The results of this study have shown that the internalizing problems have not shown gender differences, meantime externalizing problems were found higher in male participants. An interesting finding of this study was the highest scores of emotional problems in children born before and during the war, compare to those born after the war ended. We also found that anxiety problems in children [R2= .83, p < .001] were a significant predictor of internalizing problems. The assessment of the scale of positive qualities [R2= .19, p < .001] was also found to be a significant predictor for externalizing problems.Only 0.8% of the variance of internalizing problems was explained by the income.Considering that the subject of this study were adolescent children of war veterans of the 1999 conflict in Kosovo, we must take into account that the post-traumatic stress disorder is a very frequent problem among war veterans and that its impact on their personal and family life cannot be overlooked
Activities of Intelligence Services as a Synonymous of Fear and Intimidation
Get PDFIntelligence services are an important factor of national security. Their main role is to collect, process, analyze, and disseminate information on threats to the state and its population.Because of their “dark” activity, intelligence services for many ordinary citizens are synonymous of violence, fear and intimidation. This mostly comes out in theRepublicofKosovo, due to the murderous activities of the Serbian secret service in the past. Therefore, we will treat the work of intelligence services in democratic conditions, so that the reader can understand what is legitimate and legal of these services.In different countries of the world, security challenges continue to evolve and progress every day, and to fulfil these challenges, the state needs new ways of coordinating and developing the capability to shape the national security environment. However, the increase of intelligence in many countries has raised debates about legal and ethical issues regarding intelligence activities.Therefore, this paper will include a clear explanation of the term, meaning, process, transparency and secrecy, and the role that intelligence services have in analyzing potential threats to national security.The study is based on a wide range of print and electronic literature, including academic and scientific literature, and other documents of various intelligence agencies of developed countries
Digital Marketing Insights and Opportunities in Kosovo
No full textIn recent decades, we have witnessed an ever increasing concentration of companies towards the consumer. This has come as a result of various factors, of which an important one has been the digital revolution, which has empowered consumers by giving them access to information and access to one another on a global scale. In an attempt by companies to adapt to this customer empowerment in order to achieve a greater profitability by better serving customers, digital marketing was born. Digital marketing includes various methods of achieving marketing goals by using digital tools, including: search marketing, social media marketing, email marketing, mobile marketing, content marketing, etc. While digital marketing has proven to be very successful in developed countries around the world, in Kosovo it does not have a significant presence. Either way, the development opportunities of this field in Kosovo are plenty. In Kosovo, the percentage of internet users is quite large. This means that there is an almost unexploited market online. The main reasons why digital marketing can succeed in Kosovo are: low cost compared to traditional marketing (TV, radio, billboard, etc.), a positive attitude of businesses towards digitalization, a large number of potential customers, and an emphasized need for professionals in this field