ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY
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Hemodynamic, Thyroid and Immunomodulatory Effects of Heroin in Rats
Get PDFDiacetylmorphine (heroin) has many effects on the body system; it exerts effects on cardiovascular, immune and endocrine systems. The aim of the this study is to investigate the short-term effects of low and high doses of heroin on systolic blood pressure (SBP), thyroid hormones and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). The experimental rats were divided into three groups, each with six individuals and the treatments were continued for seven days. SBP significantly reduced by heroin administration in the second dose as compared with the control group. A marked decrease in the serum NO level was also noticed after first (low) and second (high) dose of administration as compared with control group. The present results also revealed that serum MCP-1 was statistically increased in the second dose of heroin group. Statistical analysis showed that both serum T3 and T4 levels were reduced significantly by heroin administration. In conclusions, for the first time, our findings suggested that diacetylmorphine could affect immune system through MCP-1 elevation. As well as heroin may affect cardiac and liver functions via increasing troponin-T and bilirubin levels
Application of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers for Genetic Diversity Assessment of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars in Duhok Governorate – Kurdistan of Iraq
Get PDFRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity among 13 cultivars of pomegranate cultivated in Duhok governorate, Kurdistan region/Iraq. Unweighed pairgroup method average clustering divided the 13 cultivars into three main groups. In RAPD analysis, 12 out of 30 employed random primers showed good amplification and polymorphism on pomegranate samples with a total of 107 bands. The percentage of polymorphic DNA bands ranged from 66.6% (OPX-17) to 100% (OPO-07, OPS-17, and OPE-18, OPP-02, OPK-08, OPL-17, and OPR-01) with an average of polymorphic rate of 94.39. According to matrix coefficient, the lowest genetic similarity was observed between Soormiz and Rash Dendikheer (0.1065). The Dereger and Kapepan populations were most similar ones with coefficient of 0.9374
Male Rat Susceptibility for Liver and Kidney Injury
Get PDFThe experimental study of this paper was designed to investigate male rat susceptibility to liver injury. A combination of two experimental animal models (Lead acetate for tissue injury (80 mg / L) and castration) had been used on twenty male rats, they were divided into two groups sham (n = 10); castrated (n = 10). Results revealed that, liver weight reduced significantly (P < 0.05) in sham group in comparison with castrated rats, but kidney weight changed slightly. Also, serum aminotransferase (AST) was significantly higher in sham versus castrated rats. Neither alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) nor malondialdehyde (MDA) changed. In conclusion, the absence of male sex hormone would delay tissue injury of male rat organs especially liver organ
VOLUME 4, NO 1 (2016)
No full textDear readers, you are holding the sixth issue (Vol IV, No 1) of Aro-The Scientific Journal of Koya University in your hand. With this issue Aro is starting a new era as the first ever internationally listed Scientific Journal in Kurdistan Region/Iraq history. Aro has been accepted for indexing in the Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), a new edition of Web of Science™ as of Feb 2016. Content in this index is under consideration by Thomson Reuters to be accepted in the Science Citation Index Expanded™ (SCIE). This is a great achievement that we share with our academic communities. Aro is starting its fourth year journey in leading the quality of regional scientific publications with global impact. The editorial team is determined to keep the path of such a mission and sustain the future publications of Aro with quality and reliability in mind.Despite the continuous financial crises which has had a great impact on scientific research and particularly universities in our region, Aro is lasting to receive good numbers of well-motivated quality papers that shows its steadily growing trust among researchers in the region. With increasing demands by volume of submission, The Associate Editorial of Aro has grown larger, well dedicated and our meetings are richer. Our colleagues with great passion are contributing to the long-term visions of Aro.Aro was created with long-term visions to become accessible to all researchers in Kurdistan and beyond, covering a wide range of scholarly disciplines in sciences. The focus of the journal is to reflect that of Koya University, namely promoting scientific knowledge and research in Kurdistan and secure a brighter future in education with global representation. Aro aspires to become a channel for exchanging scholarly research by establishing academic connections between scholars globally.Aro is a journal of original scientific research, global news, review paper, letters and commentary. The Aro Scientific Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in areas of natural sciences and technology. In this issue you will have access to genuine research paper in variety of areas such as; Petroleum, Physics, Chemical Engineering, biochemistry, engineering and material.The warm response from researchers, academics and professionals in the last four years has made us to create a wider Editorial Board which serves the wider submitted scientific manuscripts. However, it is clear that to have a dedicated and well organized editorial board for the journal is only one side of the coin. The other is the ability to attract submissions of quality research and scholarly work. We are thankful to all of those who put their trust in Aro and presented their original research work for publication in Vol IV, No 1 of the journal, as well as, our thanks are extended to the 16 peer-reviewers from the Universities worldwide for their efforts in reviewing and enabling this issue of Aro. Your support and feedback are invited and appreciated. Dilan M. RostamEditor-in-ChiefWali M HamadExecutive Publisher Dilan M. Rostam, Shwan K. Rachid, Salah I. Yahya, Sarkawt S. AbdulrahmanExecutive Editorial Boar
Video Streaming over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Comparative Study and Future Perspectives
Get PDFVehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is emerged as an important research area that provides ubiquitous short-range connectivity among moving vehicles. This network enables efficient traffic safety and infotainment applications. One of the promising applications is video transmission in vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure environments. But, video streaming over vehicular environment is a daunting task due to high movement of vehicles. This paper presents a survey on state-of-arts of video streaming over VANET. Furthermore, taxonomy of vehicular video transmission is highlighted in this paper with special focus on significant applications and their requirements with challenges, video content sharing, multi-source video streaming and video broadcast services. The comparative study of the paper compares the video streaming schemes based on type of error resilient technique, objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized simulator and the type of video sharing. Lastly, we discussed the open issues and research directions related to video communication over VANET
The Zero Divisor Graph of the Ring Z_(2^2 p)
No full textIn this paper, we consider the crossing number and the chromatic number of the zero divisor graph Γ(Z_(2^2 p)) to show that this type of zero divisor graphs is bipartite graph, and the smallest cycle in Γ(Z_(2^2 p)) is of length four this implies that the girth is equal four
Economical and Structural Feasibility of Concrete Cellular and Solid Blocks in Kurdistan Region
Get PDFCellular concrete blocks are the major building materials in Kurdistan Region in Iraq. This study is carried out to check the economical and structural feasibility. The integrity of the blocks as well as its industrial production process compared with local and international standards. Recommendations for the concrete block production have been given in this paper. Samples from 10 local factories of total 60 blocks have been collected and tested at Koya University Laboratory. The carried out tests covered the dimensions, compression strength and water absorption of the samples. The results of this research study were compared with the requirements of the Iraqi and European specifications. They showed that the products of all factories do not fulfil the specified requirements. The dimensions of specimens exhibited relatively high deviations with no recommended tolerances for dimensions of the blocks. The results analysis showed that the weight of the 400x200x200mm block size was about 20-23 kg and the size of the represented voids was about 60% of the volume. This study made some regulatory recommendations to standardise the concrete block production in the region
Reconstruction the Missing Pixels for Landsat ETM+SLC-off Images Using Multiple Linear Regression Model
Get PDFOn 31 May 2003, the scan line corrector (SLC) of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor which compensates for the forward motion of the satellite in the imagery acquired failed permanently, resulting in loss of the ability to scan about 20% of the pixels in each Landsat 7 SLC-off image. This permanent failure has seriously hampered the scientific applications of ETM+ images. In this study, an innovative gap filling approach has been introduced to recover the missing pixels in the SLC-off images using multi-temporal ETM+ SLC-off auxiliary fill images. A correlation is established between the corresponding pixels in the target SLC-off image and two fill images in parallel using the multiple linear regressions (MLR) model. Simulated and actual SLC-off ETM+ images were used to assess the performance of the proposed method by comparing with multi-temporal data based methods, the LLHM method which is based on simple linear regression (SLR) model. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations indicate that the proposed method can recover the value of un-scanned pixels accurately, especially in heterogeneous landscape and even with more temporally distant fill images
Tissue-like P system for Segmentation of 2D Hexagonal Images
Get PDFMembrane computing, which is a new computational model inspired by the structure and functioning of biological cells and by the way the cells are organized in tissues. MC has been adopted in many real world applications including image segmentation. In contrast to the traditional square grid for representing and sampling digital images, hexagonal grid is an alternative efficient mechanism which can better represents and visualizes the curved objects. In this paper, a tissue-like P system with region-based and edge-based segmentation is used to segment two dimensional hexagonal images, wherein P-Lingua programming language is used to implement and validate the proposed system. The achieved experimental results clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of using hexagonal connectivity to segment two dimensional images in a less number of rules and computational steps. Moreover, the results reveal that this approach has the potential of segmenting large images in few number of steps
Effects of Some Dates, Pre -treatment Sowing, Soil Texture and Foliar Spraying of Zinc on Seedling of Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.)
Get PDFThree experiments were conducted from the beginning of March to the end of October, 2012, in a field condition in Koya city-Iraqi Kurdistan region on shisham Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.) trees. First experiment was laid out to study the effects of three date of sowing (15 of March, April and May), and six pre- treatments on seed germination of D. sissoo (Roxb.). The Results show that the best time of sowing for good seed germination was 15 of April. Highest germination rate was found when both sides of the pod were cut with soaking in tap water for 24 h. Second experiment was conducted to study the effects of three transplanting soil textures (clay, sandy and sandy clay (1:1) on seedling survival and some growth characteristics. Results indicates that D. sissoo gave better seedling survive rate, seedling leaves and height in sandy clay and sandy soils compared to clay soil. Third experiment was laid out to study the effects of foliar application of zinc (0, 57 and 114 ppm) sprayed on D. sissoo plants growing in clay, sandy and sandy clay (1:1) soils. Zinc application caused a significant increase in most vegetative growth characteristics. Treatments significantly increased leaves phosphorus, sulphate and zinc content compared to control. Most promising results were obtained from seedlings sprayed with zinc and grown in sandy clay soil