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Individual cell fate and population dynamics revealed by a mathematical model linking telomere length and replicative senescence
No full textInternational audienceProgressive shortening of telomeres ultimately causes replicative senescence and is linked with aging and tumor suppression. Studying the intricate link between telomere shortening and senescence at the molecular level and its population-scale effects over time is challenging with current approaches but crucial for understanding behavior at the organ or tissue level. In this study, we developed a mathematical model for telomere shortening and the onset of replicative senescence using data from Saccharomyces cerevisiae without telomerase. Our model tracks individual cell states, their telomere length dynamics, and lifespan over time, revealing selection forces within a population. We discovered that both cell genealogy and global telomere length distribution are key to determine the population proliferation capacity. We also discovered that cell growth defects unrelated to telomeres also affect subsequent proliferation and may act as confounding variables in replicative senescence assays. Overall, while there is a deterministic limit for the shortest telomere length, the stochastic occurrence of non-terminal arrests drive cells into a totally different regime, which may promote genome instability and senescence escape. Our results offer a comprehensive framework for investigating the implications of telomere length on human diseases
Review of searches for vector-like quarks, vector-like leptons, and heavy neutral leptons in proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV at the CMS experiment
No full textInternational audienceThe LHC has provided an unprecedented amount of proton-proton collision data, bringing forth exciting opportunities to address fundamental open questions in particle physics. These questions can potentially be answered by performing searches for very rare processes predicted by models that attempt to extend the standard model of particle physics. The data collected by the CMS experiment in 2015-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV help to test the standard model at the highest precision ever and potentially discover new physics. An interesting opportunity is presented by the possibility of new fermions with masses ranging from the MeV to the TeV scale. Such new particles appear in many possible extensions of the standard model and are well motivated theoretically. They may explain the appearance of three generations of leptons and quarks, the mass hierarchy across the generations, and the nonzero neutrino masses. In this report, the status of searches targeting vector-like quarks, vector-like leptons, and heavy neutral leptons at the CMS experiment is discussed. A complete overview of final states is provided together with their complementarity and partial combination. The discovery potential for several of these searches at the High-Luminosity LHC is also discussed
Fourier-Laplace transforms in polynomial Ornstein-Uhlenbeck volatility models
No full textInternational audienceWe consider the Fourier-Laplace transforms of a {broad} class of polynomial Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) volatility models, including the well-known Stein-Stein, Schöbel-Zhu, one-factor Bergomi, and the recently introduced Quintic OU models motivated by the SPX-VIX joint calibration problem. We show the connection between the joint {Fourier-Laplace} functional of the log-price and the integrated variance, and the solution of an infinite dimensional Riccati equation. Next, under some non-vanishing conditions of the Fourier-Laplace transforms, we establish an existence result for such Riccati equation and we provide a discretized approximation of the joint characteristic functional that is exponentially entire. On the practical side, we develop a numerical scheme to solve the stiff infinite dimensional Riccati equations and demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the scheme for pricing SPX options and volatility swaps using Fourier and Laplace inversions, with specific examples of the Quintic OU and the one-factor Bergomi models and their calibration to real market data
Long time behavior of a degenerate stochastic system modeling the response of a population face to environmental impacts
No full textInternational audienceWe study the asymptotics of a two-dimensional stochastic differential system with a degenerate diffusion matrix. This system describes the dynamics of a population where individuals contribute to the degradation of their environment through two different behaviors. We exploit the almost one-dimensional form of the dynamical system to compute explicitly the Freidlin-Wentzell action functional. That allows to give conditions under which the small noise regime of the invariant measure is concentrated around the equilibrium of the dynamical system having the smallest diffusion coefficient
A Zonotopic Dempster-Shafer Approach to the Quantitative Verification of Neural Networks
No full textInternational audienceThe reliability and usefulness of verification depend on the ability to represent appropriately the uncertainty. Most existing work on neural network verification relies on the hypothesis of either set-based or probabilistic information on the inputs. In this work, we rely on the framework of imprecise probabilities, specifically p-boxes, to propose a quantitative verification of ReLU neural networks, which can account for both probabilistic information and epistemic uncertainty on inputs. On classical benchmarks, including the ACAS Xu examples, we demonstrate that our approach improves the tradeoff between tightness and efficiency compared to related work on probabilistic network verification, while handling much more general classes of uncertainties on the inputs and providing fully guaranteed results
Elgeyo Marakwet County Programme Based Budget 2025/2026
Full text linkThe County Government of Elgeyo Marakwet has consistently fulfilled its statutory financial obligations in line with Kenya’s fiscal legislation since its inception in 2013. Budget formulation is guided by Section 12
of the Second Schedule of the Public Finance Management (PFM) Act, 2012, and adheres to the national budget calendar. Key inputs to the 2025/26 Budget Estimates include the FY 2025/26 Annual Development Plan (ADP), the 2024 County Budget Review and Outlook Paper (CBROP), the 2025 County Fiscal Strategy Paper (CFSP), and the 2023-2027 County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP).
This budget represents the fourth year of implementing the third-generation CIDP, which continues to provide a strategic framework for planning, resource allocation, and performance monitoring. Lessons from prior fiscal cycles have been leveraged to refine expenditure planning, despite constraints to full participatory engagement. Nonetheless, the developmental priorities outlined in the 2025/26 ADP and expenditure ceilings informed by the 2025 CFSP have been critical in shaping the budget’s structure. In compliance with the County Equitable Development Act, 2015, the budget ensures proportional
resource distribution across all wards, reinforcing inclusive growth. The total resource envelope for FY 2025/26 stands at Kshs. 8,849,613,252, comprising of Kshs. 5,049,704,514 (57.1%) from the Equitable
Share allocation by the Commission on Revenue Allocation (CRA), Kshs. 1,432,442,748 (16.2%) in conditional grants, Kshs. 457,429,871 (5.2%) from Own Source Revenue (OSR) and Ksh. 1,910,036,119
(21.6%) rolled over funds from 2024/2-25 financial year. On the expenditure side, Kshs. 6.21 billion (70.22%) is allocated to recurrent expenditure -including Personnel Emoluments (PE) and Operations & Maintenance (O&M) while Kshs. 2.64 billion (29.78%) is committed to development spending. The recurrent budget remains under pressure from rising wage obligations, driven by periodic salary reviews and employee benefits. To manage fiscal sustainability, the county intends to leverage staff exits through non replacements to moderate growth in the wage bill, with savings redirected toward capital investments.
Despite revenue limitations, the FY 2025/26 budget achieves a legally balanced position. Enhancing OSR performance remains a key medium-term objective. The county will pursue automation and institutional
reforms in revenue collection systems to expand its revenue base, improve compliance, and reduce leakage
Nyamira County Annual Development Plan 2025/2026
No full textThe County Government of Nyamira continues to implement comprehensive programmes to uplift the welfare of the people and ensure sustainable social, economic, environmental and political development. This County Annual Development Plan (CADP) for 2025/2026 marks the Second year of the implementation of the Third County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP), 2023-2027. The County Government of Nyamira will continue to implement comprehensive programmes targeting the “BETA” agenda of the County. The CADP therefore will focus on programmes that will help meet the aspirations of the people of Nyamira County which is realization of shared development and prosperity. This County Annual Development Plan is developed pursuant to section 126 of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA), 2012. The proposed priority programmes contained in the 2025/2026 Annual Development Plan intend to meet strategic sector objectives as stated in the Sector Development plans for 2023-2033. These Sector Plans are intergrated into the Nyamira CIDP 2023-2027, the Fourth Medium Term Plan (2023-2027) and the Kenya Vision 2030. The implementation of the CADP is expected to stimulate economic growth and hence contribute to sustainable socio- economic development
Tana River County Annual Development Plan 2026/2027
No full textThe annual development has been prepared in accordance with section 126 of the public finance management (PFM) Act 2012. The act stipulate that County Governments shall prepare ADPs in accordance with Article 220 (2) of the constitution. The ADP is an annual document that guides i the implementation of projects and programmes from each county department for the respective financial years as enshrined in the County sectoral plans (CSPs). This FY 2026/27 ADP is largely aligned to the 2018 - 2027 County Sectoral plans, the third generation CIDP (2023 - 2027), the national development Framework as envisioned in Kenya Vision 2030 and its corresponding MTP IV and the UN Agenda for sustainable Development as summarised in sustainable Development Goals. This ADP 2026/27 describes the county in terms of the geographical location, size, physiographic and natural conditions, demographic profiles as well as the administrative units. The ADP presents a review of the implementation of the FY 2024/2025 ADP and further outlines the broad strategies priorities , policy thrusts and objectives of the County Government of Tana River. The strategic priorities and government policy objectives inform the identification of priority projects and programmes to be implemented during the financial year. This is aimed at addressing the development challenges faced by the county after making a review of the status of the previous year's projects
West-Pokot-County-Agro-Ecology-Policy Paper-2025
No full textArticle 174 of the Constitution provides that one of the key objectives of devolution is economic development and to provide proximate and easily accessible services throughout Kenya. This constitutes not only food security but a role in carbon sinking as well that mitigates the effects of global warming. The agricultural sector still faces many challenges such as a steady reduction of agricultural land, low agricultural production and productivity, climate change, poor marketing, market uncertainties and low value addition to agricultural products. High post-harvest losses and unfavourable taxation also hinder growth of agricultural sector. This policy shall be used as a pathway on Agro ecology and inclusive practices within West Pokot County in the agriculture sector. It shall be operational alongside the conventional production principles and policies that are operational and will focus more on ensuring that the ecosystem conservation plays its role in sustainable production and in cleaning up the environment from the effects of pollutants while contributing to food security within the County. The Agro-ecology policy shall not be construed as a replacement to other policies advocating for conventional agriculture but a complementary effort in meeting food production needs in a sustainable environment that ensures conservation of diversity. This policy shall be applicable within West Pokot County and shall involve implementation within all departments in the agriculture and rural development sector and the partner organizations involved in environmental conservation, climate change mitigation and adaptation. This policy will also provide a framework for progressive agricultural growth, development and transformation of agriculture into a green, sustainable and viable sector within West Pokot Count
Makueni County Programme Based Budget 2025/2026
Full text linkThe FY 2025/26 Budget has been prepared as stipulated in Sections 125, 129, and 130 of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 2012. This budget is the third to implement the 2023-27 County Integrated Development Plan (CfDP). It presents an opportunity to advance the Government's strategic objectives, promote inclusive growth, and enhance the well-being of all citizens. The key considerations, ptinciples, and approaches that guided the budget preparation process are outlined below. The overall theme for the budget is Stimulating Local Economies for Shared Prosperity. To deliver the aspired development outcomes, the following objectives will be pursued:........