International Journal of Integrated Engineering
Not a member yet
2309 research outputs found
Sort by
A Study of Comfort Properties Between Various Brand of Face Masks for Malaysian Consumers
Get PDFComfort properties refer to the human’s impressions after touching an object. The aim of this study is to identify the comfortability properties of knitted face masks from different brands. Comfort refers to a human’s impressions after touching an object. Three brands were chosen to test the comfort properties, and physical testing was done to identify the characteristics of each brand. Then the samples from three brands were evaluated for breathability and absorbency to achieve the first objective of this study. The brand that offers low breathing resistance is Brand B. Therefore, consumers who have difficulty breathing will feel comfortable since the water vapour that comes out during the inhale and exhale processes can pass through the mask and not trap inside it. Next, for absorbency properties, it can be concluded that the brand C provides the best comfort in terms of absorbency. As a result, the consumer feels comfortable using it because it quickly absorbs moisture from both the outside and inside of the face mask, preventing accumulation
Design and Development of Industry 4.0 Smart Lean Kaizen Manufacturing: A Case Study on Extrusion Line of Vacuum Hose
Get PDFThis article investigates a manufacturing company\u27s extrusion process in demonstrating the value-added benefits of Lean Kaizen Approaches through autonomation (jidoka) and adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies. The scope of study focuses on the extrusion process line of a vacuum hose as the pilot study area. This study proposes using Lean Kaizen Approaches, SolidWorks, Arduino and IR4.0 sensors in designing, developing and adopting a four-phase framework for Lean Kaizen continuous improvement from sampling and manual weighing to an automated real time weighing and segregation system of good and out of specification vacuum hose product. The findings showed that with full financial and non-financial support from top management and the whole organization\u27s willingness to transform the company to Smart Manufacturing, the automated unmanned weighing and separation system have been able to achieve the company\u27s intended target in using no manpower to weigh the hose and has a real time monitoring system of all vacuum hoses extruded. This study has contributed to the company by improving their extrusion line operations using an unmanned operator for the weighing system as well as collecting data on vacuum hose weight and length in real time. By incorporating Lean Kaizen Approaches and Industry 4.0 technologies, the company enhanced operational efficiency through automated weighing and separation system, manpower reduction and provide greater customer satisfaction as it is guaranteed that all vacuum hose weight and length meet the required specifications. Further research is needed to explore the applicability of the proposed approaches in different manufacturing and Industry 4.0 contexts to investigate additional factors influencing the successful implementation of Smart Manufacturing
Predictive Model and Optimisation of MQL Mist Flow Velocity Through CFD Analysis
Get PDFMinimum Quantity Lubricant (MQL) is a sustainable method offering better lubrication and cooling efficiency for high machining performances. To further enhance its sustainability, this study is conducted based on the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis on a MQL delivery model using Treated Recycled Cooking Oil (TRCO) to simulate a high-speed cutting process. The main aim is to optimise the mist flow velocity which leads to optimum penetration of lubrication deep into the cutting zone. Through the design of experiment approach under the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method, 13 sets of parameters were simulated with controlled factors of oil flow rate (50-150 ml/hr), nozzle distance (20¬-60 mm), and nozzle diameter (1-2 mm). Then, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to investigate how the controlled factors influence the response. The simulation works resulted in the MQL mist flow reaching velocity that varied from 15.43 to 115.52 m/s. The ANOVA revealed that the response is significantly influenced by nozzle distance, nozzle diameter, and the interaction between them. The highest velocity was generated at minimum nozzle distance and maximum nozzle diameter. Contrary, maximum nozzle distance and minimum nozzle diameter generated the lowest value. The flowback or rebound conditions of the mist flow at different flow velocities were also visualized and discussed with the aid of CFD contour images. Through optimization, the optimum MQL mist flow velocity at 115.34 m/s is predicted at; oil flow rate: 100 ml/hr, nozzle diameter: 2 mm, and nozzle distance: 20 mm from the tool edge. This optimum MQL mist flow is vital for high-speed cutting due to massive generation of friction and heat that require deep penetration of the lubricant into the cutting edge for maximum heat dissipation.
Design and Development of F1 in Schools Racetrack System: Gate Timing System
Get PDFThis study addressed the problem of improving the gate timing system for F1 in School Competition. The current available gate timing system was not flexible in terms of obtaining result data and was costly. To overcome this challenge, a novel cost-effective timing system was proposed. This system incorporated design enhancements, particularly the introduction of flexible sector gates. These modifications offered users valuable insights into their vehicles\u27 performance. The objective was to propose an innovative design for the F1 in School gate timing system, emphasizing the significance of accurate, cost-effective technology in fostering growth and success in student competitions. This was accomplished by developing two essential components, involving the software and hardware. The software production consisted of components such as Arduino Mega, NodeMCU ESP8266, and Nextion LCD display, while the hardware components were assembled from ultrasonic sensors, LEDs, buttons, and many more. The development of the prototype resulted in a well-functioning gate timing system with the capacity to record results wirelessly through a website and the flexibility required for configuring sector gates. In addition to enhancing user comprehension of their vehicle\u27s performance, the adaptability of the sector gates allowed for more accurate results that could be converted into a plot. This research encouraged the user, mainly a secondary student, to appreciate the impact of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) related fields and the potential for global commercialization value
The Effects of Fin Cant Angle and Fin Height on the Performance of a Low Altitude Rocket
Get PDFIt is known that aerodynamics play an important role in the stability of a rocket. Stability has been defined as a system\u27s tendency to recover or revert to its initial state following a perturbation. The location of the centre of gravity and the centre of pressure fundamentally determines the stability of the rocket. One of the main issues with a small rocket is that the viscous effect becomes more prominent, which may significantly alter the pressure distribution around its body. Hence, when the scale is reduced, the study of aerodynamics effect on the rocket’s centre of pressure (thus stability) becomes more crucial. In this present study, we investigate the stability of a low-altitude rocket by determining the effect of spin stabilisation on rocket stability. The locations of centre gravity and centre pressure are determined in this study using the Barrowman equations. It was found that a fin height of 4 cm produces the ideal static margin of approximately 1.5. Furthermore, largest fin cant of 10° yields highest apogee. In general, the rocket\u27s static stability improves when the fin height is increased, while the fin cant angle affects the dynamic stability
Demonstration of Efficacy of Exploiting ChatGPT Data to the Transformers-Based Models by Performing Bangla Intent Analysis
Get PDFWith the expanding mode of online opinion sharing, an automatic approach to intent analysis is necessary and useful in the practical scenario. Intent analysis inspects persons\u27 and entities’ viewpoints from online user-created texts. Conventional sentiment analysis deals with two classes: positive and negative. In this study, to extend the conventional sentiment analysis task, intent analysis deals with more important classes to obtain deeper insights. Accordingly, this study deals with five classes: pessimism, optimism, suggestion, sarcastic, and miscellaneous. Intent analysis with machine learning essentially needs a massive amount of data to generate a robust model. However, manually accumulating the training data is expensive, particularly in less dominant languages like Bangla. Hence, to obtain sufficient training data, this study generates, collects, and pre-processs Bangla restaurant data for the task by OpenAI ChatGPT API through prompt and data augmentation. These data are called “source data”. As no user-generated Bangla data is available in the literature, this study prepares and validates a new Bangla intent analysis dataset by collecting user-generated real data. These data are referred to as “target data”. Source data is utilized to assist the target task (i.e., main task) performed on the target data. By utilizing both source and target data, three approaches are proposed: combined data approach, semi-supervised learning, and stepwise learning. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed semi-supervised learning with transformers-based models is effective in improving the performance of the target data by exploiting ChatGPT-generated source data. The best F1 score of the proposed semi-supervised learning is 0.74, while that of the baseline is 0.72. Additionally, we proposed some feature concatenation methods. In this case, the highest F1 score is 0.7
Simulation of Indirect DC-AC-DC Converter Using Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter
Get PDFThis paper aims to design and analyze the indirect DC-AC-DC converter with multiple inputs that generates higher DC voltage output by using several cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters. An intermediate AC stage is adopted for the purpose to rectify the high voltage AC level from H-bridge inverter using a three-phase controlled rectifier. A switching algorithm has been developed to obtain the best switching time and duration based on the sinusoidal equation. By optimizing the multilevel concept and equal voltage distribution, the overall total harmonic distortion is reduced, and the overall efficiency is high. This study also comprehensively analyzes the converter\u27s performance under different number of cascaded H-bridge inputs. It is shown that at a high number of cascaded H-bridge, the voltage THD value decrease to 7.57% and the efficiency remains high at above 90%
Impact of Nodes on Energy Consumption of IoT Devices
Get PDFThe rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has raised concerns about energy consumption in IoT devices, significantly influenced by the number of network nodes. This research investigates the impact of nodes contributing to the highest and lowest energy consumption of IoT devices and analyze energy consumption based on battery model in IoT devices. A simulation model is created using Network Simulator Tool (NetSim) with four types of lithium-ion batteries and 3 nodes configuration: 5, 10 and 15 nodes. Results show that, for a 5-node setup with a 3000mAh 3.7V design, the lowest energy consumption value is 2.6634 kJ and the highest remaining energy value is 93.33% occur after 12 hours. For 10 nodes, energy consumption is 5.3497kJ with remaining energy is 86.61%. While for 15 nodes, the highest energy consumption is 8.0542kJ and the remaining energy is 79.84%. The study concludes that more nodes lead to higher energy consumption due to increased computing load, network traffic, and resource utilization. It is also highlighting that prolonged activation of nodes leads to higher batter consumption, emphasizing the need for efficient power management in IoT devices
Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Concrete Containing Local Ternary Blended Cement as Cement Replacement
Get PDFContinuous harvesting of limestone for cement production is increasing to cater to the demand of the construction sector and devastate the natural world. The disposal of shells from the local cockle trade also pollutes the environment. Simultaneously, increasing coal bottom ash (CBA) disposal from the rising consumption of coal in power plants raises severe environmental concerns. The discovery of coal bottom ash as pozzolanic ash that can be utilized as partial cement replacement has paved the way for further exploration. However, the concrete’s performance produced using coal bottom ash combined with cockle shell ash (CSA) blended cement has not been reported. This research examines the impact of CBA in CSA blended cement on the mechanical and fresh characteristic of concrete as a cement replacement purposes. Various percentages of CBA as partial cement replacement were integrated into cockle shell ash blended cement concrete. CSA blended cement concrete containing 10% CBA exhibits the highest strength. The utilization of cement formed through the combination of coal bottom ash and cockle shell ash contribute towards the invention of sustainable green concrete with a lesser burden on natural resources and cutting down waste accumulation at the landfill.
Demulsifier Performance Study: Relationship between Demulsifier Properties with Crude Characteristics
Get PDFDue to the vast range of different types of crude oil characteristics which differ from region to region, wells and even day to day, developing and selecting effective demulsifiers for regional crude oils has been a time-consuming and tedious process. This experimental study was performed to define a relationship between crude characteristics of wax, asphaltene and crude API with relative solubility number (RSN) properties and chemistry groups of demulsifiers with their performances accordingly. Twenty-five different types of demulsifiers with RSN ranging from ten to twenty-three were tested using demulsifier bottle test. The demulsifiers comprise resin alkoxylate, modified polyol and polyimine derivative. Synthetic crude is used throughout the study with API of 27, 34 and 40. The wax and asphaltene contents of each crude API are varied. The study used 2% NaCl water representing the average salinity of the produced water in Malaysian offshore fields. Demulsification test was conducted using a 50:50 ratio in terms of the crude and brine volume.100 ppm demulsifier dosed into emulsion mixture, and the separation was monitored and recorded after 30 minutes. The demulsifier bottle test is performed at 60 oC, similar to the operating temperature of demulsifier injection in Malaysia offshore field. Based on the three chemistry groups, resin alkoxylate showed the best performance, while polyimine derivative-based demulsifiers had the poorest performance. The demulsifier with high RSN, which is from 19 to 23, works best in resolving the emulsion compared to the low RSN demulsifiers