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The concept of healthy birth from a women's perspective in an inpatient setting
No full textVecmāteVeselības aprūpeMidwiferyHealth CareDarba mērķis: Noskaidrot sieviešu viedokli par veselīgu dzemdību jēdzienu stacionārā.
Pētījuma metodes: Sadarbībā ar projektu Nordejodemodern par veselīgu dzemdību jēdzienu, tika iegūti intervijas jautājumi angļu valodā. Tika veikta abpusējā tulkošana un eksperta pārbaude.
Daļēji strukturētā intervija sastāv no 15 pamata jautājumiem un papildus jautājumiem, kas radīsies katrā individuālajā situācijā, intervijas laikā. Pēc atbilžu saņemšanas tika veikta datu
transkripcija un analīze. Visi dati tika grupēti, iedalīti kategorijās un apakškategorijās. Tika
izmantota fenomenoloģiskā analīze.
Rezultāti: Sievietes sagatavošanās, pirmsdzemdību kursos, samazina uztraukumu no sagaidāmajām dzemdībām un sieviešu lielākais atbalsts ir partneris un cieņpilns, pozitīvs personāls stacionārā. Sāpju mazinošu metožu izvēle ir individuāla, taču priekšroku dod farmakoloģiskām metodēm. Medicīniskās manipulācijas ir pieņemamas, ja personāls var pamatot nepieciešamību, respektējot sievietes vēlmes.
Secinājumi: Analizējot datus, pierādījās, ka intervijās iegūtā informācija ir līdzīga, kā apkopots zinātniskajos pētījumos.Aim: determine women’s view about the term healthy labour in stationary care.
Methods: In collaboration with Nordejodemodern project about the term healthy labour, interview questions in English were acquired. Two-sided question translation and an experts check was performed. Semi-structured interview consists of 15 base questions and additional questions which would arise in each individual interview. After answers to questions were acquired data transcription and analysis was performed. All data was grouped and categorized. Phenomenological analysis was performed.
Results: Decreased stress from expected labour after women attended prenatal courses, biggest support for women is their partner and respectful, positive attitude from stationary care personnel. Choices for pain managment method selection is individual, but preference is towards pharmacological methods. Medical intervention is acceptable if care providers can explain and support the reasoning for their choices while respecting the womens whishes.
Conclusions: During data analysis it was concluded that the available data in literature is similar to results of this research
Professional and life balance for inpatient midwives
No full textVecmāteVeselības aprūpeMidwiferyHealth CareStacionārā strādājošu vecmāšu darbs ir saspringts, tas prasa augstu koncentrēšanos, profesionālo kompetenci un stresa noturību. Vecmāte atbild gan par dzemdētājas, gan jaundzimušā veselību un dzīvību. Būtiskākie faktori, kas ietekmē darba un privātās dzīves līdzsvaru, raugoties no privātās dzīves skatupunkta ir: veselība, ģimene, draudzība, savstarpējās attiecības ar partneri, mājas darbi, izglītība, ārpusdarba aktivitātes un sabiedriskā dzīve. Savukārt faktori, kas ietekmē līdzsvaru profesionālajā jomā ir: darba vide, vadītāja atbalsts, iesaiste, darbs komandā, atalgojums, darba stundas, maiņu darbs. Katru indivīdu minētie faktori ietekmē citādi, katrs indivīds var reaģēt atšķirīgi.
Pētījuma mērķis ir pētīt, kāds ir stacionārā strādājošu vecmāšu profesionālās un privātās dzīves līdzsvars.
Lai sasniegtu izvirzīto mērķi veikts kvantitatīvais šķērsgriezuma pētījums. Veikta stacionārā strādājošu vecmāšu aptauju par profesionālās un privātās dzīves līdzsvaru.
Darbs sastāv no 41 lp., 7 nodaļām, 7 tabulām, 9 attēliem un 7 pielikumiem.
Darba izstrādē izmantoti 34 literatūras avoti: 3 grāmatas un 31 pētījums, ziņojumi, pētījumu pārskati.The work of inpatient midwives is stressful, it requires high concentration, professional competence and resistance to stress. The midwife is responsible for the health and life of both the mother and the newborn. The most important factors affecting work-life balance from a private life perspective are: health, family, friendship, mutual relationship with partner, housework, education, extracurricular activities and social life. On the other hand, the factors that affect balance in the professional field are: work environment, manager's support, involvement, teamwork, salary, working hours, shift work. Each individual is affected differently by the mentioned factors, each individual may react differently.
The aim of the study is to research the professional and private life balance of inpatient midwives.
In order to achieve the set goal, a quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted. Also a survey of inpatient working midwives on the balance of professional and private life was conducted.
The work consists of 41 pages, 7 chapters, 7 tables, 9 pictures and 6 appendices.
34 literature sources were used in the development of the work: 3 books and 31 studies, reports, research reviews
Association between adult romantic attachment and romantic relationship satisfaction with infidelity-related behaviour in social media.
No full textVeselības psiholoģijaPsiholoģijaHealth PsychologyPsychologyPētījuma mērķis bija izpētīt saistību starp pieaugušo romantisko piesaisti, apmierinātību ar pāra attiecībām un neuzticības uzvedību sociālajos medijos.
Pētījuma ietvaros tika izvirzīti pieci pētnieciskie uzdevumi un ar tiem saistītie pētījuma jautājumi, kuros bija paredzēts noskaidrot, vai aptaujas “Ar neuzticību saistīta uzvedība sociālajos medijos” (SMIRB) adaptētās versijas psihometriskie rādītāji atbilst psihometrikas zinātnē pieņemtajām normām, vai pastāv saistība starp pieaugušo romantisko piesaisti, apmierinātību ar pāra attiecībām un neuzticības uzvedību sociālajos medijos, kā arī vai pieaugušo piesaiste un apmierinātība prognozē neuzticības uzvedību. Tika arī aplūkots, vai attiecību ilgums ir saistīts ar apmierinātību neuzticības uzvedību un vai pastāv atšķirības apmierinātības ar attiecībām un neuzticības uzvedības rādītājos respondentiem ar atšķirīgu attiecību statusu.
Pētījumā piedalījās 211 respondents, vecumā no 19 līdz 69 gadiem (M = 32,2; SD = 9,84), 87,3% sieviešu. Attiecību ilgums bija robežās no 1 līdz 43 gadiem (M = 8,20; SD = 7,60).
Tika izmantota “Pieredzes tuvās attiecībās” aptaujas pārskatītā versija (Fraley et al., 2000; Briģe, 2023), “Ar neuzticību saistīta uzvedība sociālajos medijos” (McDaniel et al., 2017; Kruška, 2024) un “Apmierinātība ar pāra attiecībām” (Hendrick; 1988; Lielā, 2016) aptauja. Sākotnēji tika veiktas SMIRB aptaujas adaptācija latviešu valodā. Dati tika ievākti izmantojot Microsoft Forms, kurā tika ievietotas aptaujas. Saite uz aptaujām tika ievietota sociālajā platformā facebook, kur cilvēkiem tika lūgts to aizpildīt.
Rezultāti uzrādīja, ka SMIRB aptaujas adaptētās versijas psihometriskie rādītāji atbilst psihometrikas zinātnē pieņemtajām normām. Starp pieaugušo romantisko piesaisti, apmierinātību ar attiecībām un neuzticības uzvedību sociālajos medijos pastāv statistiski nozīmīgas saistības, pieaugušo romantiskās piesaistes dimensijai izvairīgums un apmierinātībai ar attiecībām prognozējot neuzticības uzvedību. Attiecību ilgums neuzrādīja statistiski nozīmīgas saistības ar apmierinātību un neuzticības uzvedību, kā arī netika konstatētas atšķirības apmierinātības ar attiecībām un neuzticības uzvedības rādītājos respondentiem ar atšķirīgu attiecību statusu
Psiholoģiskās palīdzības sniedzējiem strādājot ar pāriem, kuri piedzīvo sarežģījumus attiecībās, būtu būtiski psihoizglītot klientus par piesaisti un vērst pastiprinātu uzmanību uz apmierinātību ar pāra attiecībām, tādējādi preventīvi novēršot iespējamību iesaistei neuzticības uzvedībā sociālajos medijos.
Atslēgas vārdi: apmierinātība ar attiecībām, pieaugušo romantiskā piesaiste, neuzticības uzvedība sociālajos medijos, neuzticība internetā, krāpšanaThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between adult romantic attachment, relationship satisfaction, and infidelity behaviour on social media.
The study posed five research tasks and associated questions designed to determine whether the psychometric indicators of the adapted version of the "Social media infidelity- related behaviors" (SMIRB) survey align with established psychometric norms. Additionally, the study investigated the relationships between adult romantic attachment, relationship satisfaction, and infidelity behaviour on social media, as well as the predictive value of adult attachment and satisfaction on infidelity behaviour. Furthermore, the study explored whether relationship duration correlates with satisfaction and infidelity behaviour and whether differences exist in relationship satisfaction and infidelity behaviour scores among respondents with varying relationship statuses.
A total of 211 participants aged 19 to 69 (M = 32,20; SD = 9,84) participated in the study, of whom 87.3% were women. The duration of relationships ranged from 1 to 43 years (M = 8,20; SD = 7,60).
The research utilized revised version of the "The Experiences in Close Relationships- Revised" survey (Fraley et al., 2000; Briģe, 2023), "Social media infidelity-related behaviors" (McDaniel et al., 2017; Kruška, 2024), and the "Relationship Assessment Scale" survey (Hendrick, 1988; Lielā, 2016). Initially, the SMIRB survey was adapted into Latvian. Data was collected using Microsoft Forms, with the surveys distributed via a link posted on Facebook.
Results indicated that the psychometric indicators of the adapted SMIRB survey meet accepted psychometric norms. Statistically significant associations were found between adult romantic attachment, relationship satisfaction, and infidelity behaviour on social media. Specifically, the avoidance dimension of adult romantic attachment and relationship satisfaction were predictors of infidelity behaviour. Relationship duration did not show statistically significant associations with satisfaction or infidelity behaviour, nor were there differences in relationship satisfaction and infidelity behaviour scores among respondents with different relationship statuses.
In psychological counselling, when working with couples experiencing relationship difficulties, it is crucial to psychoeducate clients about attachment and focus on enhancing relationship satisfaction. This approach could help prevent engagement in infidelity behaviour on social media.
Keywords: relationship satisfaction, adult romantic attachment, infidelity behaviour on social media, internet infidelity, cheatin
The 19th EAHIL Conference "Small Step and a Giant Leap: Reorienting Towards a New Environment" (June 11-14, 2024): Abstracts Book
No full textEndokrinoloģisko slimību nozīme patofizioloģijā un hidradenīta suppurativa ārstēšanā
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareAs with many skin conditions in dermatology, Hidradenitis Suppurativa proves itself to be a multifactorial disease. Although the pathophysiology of Hidradenitis has yet to be fully understood, this article confirms the hypothesis that endocrinologic comorbidities play a role in the pathophysiology and severity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Conditions such as Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Thyroid diseases, androgen dysregulations as well as environmental factors have shown to influence disease activity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. This literature review shows that most dominantly insulin resistance, androgen dysregulation and environmental factors influence the pathophysiology of HS. Furthermore, this article elaborates on the evidence based importance of lifestyle modifications in Hidradenitis Suppurativa patients. Regarding the treatment options of Hidradenitis Suppurativa this article discusses the efficacy of various approaches such as immunomodulatory drugs as well as other systemic and topical treatments. In conclusion, the most important information gathered in this research is highlighted
Jaunas tehnoloģijas orbītas apakšējās sienas lūzumu ārstēšanā
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareJauno tehnoloģiju ieviešana orbītālā grīdas ķirurģijā, ieskaitot intraoperatīvo navigāciju, intraoperatīvo kompjūtertomogrāfiju un pacienta specifiskos implanti, tiek plānota revolucionizēt maksilofacilārās ķirurģijas jomu un kontrindikācijas, ko rada tradicionālās ķirurģijas metodes. Zinātniskā literatūra sniedz plašu spektru par šo tehnoloģiju ieviešanu, to klīniskajām priekšrocībām un ierobežojumiem. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir analizēt attīstošās ķirurģiskās un tehnoloģiskās attīstības un izcelt to klīniskos ietekmes, veicot visaptverošu detalizētu literatūras pārskatu, izmantojot 44 zinātniskus rakstus, kas publicēti PubMed. Galvenais, šis pētījums veicina orbītālās grīdas ķirurģijas attīstības ainu, demonstrējot skaidru tendenci uz minēto tehnoloģiju izmantošanu un to sinerģiskos efektus.The introduction of new technologies in orbital floor surgery including intraoperative navigation, intraoperative computed tomography and patient specific implants, aimed to revolutionize the maxillofacial surgical field and counteract challenges created by traditional surgical methods. The scientific literature field provides a broad spectrum regarding its implementation and their clinical benefits as well as their limitations. The aim of this study is to analyze the evolving surgical and technological advancements and highlight its clinical influences by conducting a comprehensive detailed literature review of 44 scientific papers using PubMed. Ultimately, this study contributes to the evolving landscape of orbital floor surgery by showing a definite trend towards the usage of the mentioned technologies and their synergistic effects
Retrospektīvs pētījums par Gram- negatīvo mikroorganismu izraisītām periimplantu infekcijām pēc gūžas un ceļa locītavu endoprotezēšanas operācijām
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareThe increasing challenges posed by gram-negative periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and advancing antibiotic resistance necessitate a comprehensive understanding of this devastation complication of joint arthroplasties. This retrospective cohort study, conducted at the Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopedics in Riga, Latvia, between 2018 and 2022, investigates the epidemiology, microbiological profiles, and treatment modalities of gram- negative PJIs.
A retrospective cohort design was used, analyzing medical records of all gram-negative PJIs at the hospital during the specified period. The study included both mono- and polymicrobial infections. Ethics committee approvals from Rīga Stradinš University and the Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopedics were obtained. Data collection encompassed patient demographics, comorbidities, microbiological data, surgical interventions, and antimicrobial therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics.
A total of 26 patients with 17 (65%) hip and 9 (35%) knee PJIs and a median age of 71 years were included. Cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease were the most recorded comorbidities. There were 17 (64%) monomicrobial and 9 (35%) polymicrobial infections with a total of 37 isolated microorganisms. The most common isolated pathogens were of the Enterobacteriaceae family (57%), followed by non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. The overall most isolated pathogens were Escherichia coli in 7 (19%) cases, followed by Proteus species in 6 (16%) cases, Klebsiella species in 5 (14%) cases and Pseudomonas species in 4 (11%) cases. Alarmingly, a substantial percentage (42%) exhibited resistance to ciprofloxacin, surpassing prior studies. Among the Enterobacteriaceae 76% of isolates were either resistant to ciprofloxacin or 3rd generation cephalosporins. In addition, four infections were caused by ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae. The rarely isolated Acinetobacter spp. was found to be 4-MRGN in two out of three cases. Most frequently used antibiotic agents in our study were ciprofloxacin and beta-lactams. Overall, the intravenously used antibiotics were chosen according to the susceptibility testing. Interestingly in a few of our cases a purely oral fluoroquinolone therapy was used, which has not been suggested in any of the previous studies. We recorded exitus letalis in five (19%) cases, with three (12%) deaths attributed to PJI as these occurred within 30 days of diagnosis.
In conclusion, our retrospective cohort study on gram-negative periprosthetic joint infections confirmed the high prevalence of resistances to the first line antibiotic treatments. In the future, it will be necessary to evaluate new strategies for the treatment of implant-related infections due to GNB due to the high incidence of resistances against fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins
Mākslīgā intelekta pielietojums mūsdienu bērnu ķirurģijā – literatūras apskats
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in pediatric surgery represents a paradigm shift in healthcare, promising enhanced diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficiency, and overall patient outcomes. This literature review explores the transformative impact of AI across diverse pediatric surgical conditions, including appendicitis, intussusception, Hirschsprung disease, intestinal perforation in preterm infants, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and testicular torsion.
Through an analysis of multiple studies, the review elucidates the proficiency of AI models in diagnosing and managing these conditions. Notably, AI algorithms have demonstrated exceptional performance in differentiating between complicated and uncomplicated cases of pediatric appendicitis, diagnosing intussusception with superior accuracy compared to human radiologists, and automating the identification of ganglion cells in histopathological samples for Hirschsprung disease detection.
Furthermore, AI predictive tools have shown promise in distinguishing between necrotizing enterocolitis and spontaneous intestinal perforation preoperatively, automating measurement processes for developmental dysplasia of the hip diagnosis, and predicting testicular torsion with excellent accuracy, thus guiding timely interventions.
While underscoring the significant advancements facilitated by AI, the review also addresses associated challenges, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balance between AI automation and human oversight for optimal patient care and safety. It calls for further research, validation studies, and ethical guidelines to ensure responsible implementation and maximize the potential benefits of AI technologies in pediatric surgical care.
In conclusion, this literature review underscores AI's promising role in revolutionizing pediatric surgery, offering valuable insights for clinicians and researchers alike. By leveraging sophisticated algorithms and machine learning techniques, AI has the potential to augment diagnostic precision, treatment efficacy, and overall patient outcomes, marking a transformative era in pediatric surgical practice
Vitiligo farmakoloģiska ārstēšana un fototerapija – literatūras pārskats
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareABSTRACT
Topicality of the research: Vitiligo is a common and non-infectious skin disease, which characterized by depigmentation. It effects 0,5-2% of the world’s population. Nowadays treatment of vitiligo remains highly relevant. Treatment specializes in elimination depigmentation and restoration of skin’s color. Including pharmacological treatment and phototherapy. There is a problem in choosing specific treatment for patient since the response of the treatment can be different and it’s a chronic pathology.
Research aim: Aim of the research is to clarify efficiency, safety and side effects of medications and phototherapy as a treatment of vitiligo.
Research objectives:
• In order to clarify medications which are used in a treatment of vitiligo.
• To compare pharmacological treatment and phototherapy as a monotherapy and combined therapy.
• To detect the efficiency between pharmacological treatment and phototherapy.
• To determine what kind of side effects are common in practice using such treatment.
• To compare what kind of treatment has more advantages and disadvantages in general and from the side of side effects.
Method: For substantiating objective findings, several studies from Europe and United States were reviewed. Study results were compared, common findings were highlighted and summarized in order to obtain a broader understanding of the field of treatment’s vitiligo research. Publications were published online 2022 Sep 18, 2021 May 25, 2022 Aug 28. I have used PubMed Medline. Key words are vitiligo, treatment, side effect, corticosteroids, JAK inhibitors.
Conclusion: the research underscores the effectiveness of various vitiligo therapies but also highlights their associated adverse effects. While treatments like topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, excimer light therapy, and PUVA therapy show promise in repigmentation, they come with risks ranging from skin reactions to systemic issues and increased cancer risk. Healthcare providers must carefully consider these factors when tailoring treatment plans for patients. Ongoing research is vital to develop safer and more effective therapies, ultimately improving the management of vitiligo and enhancing patient well-being
Svara samazināšanas medikamentozo terapiju un to efektivitātes salīdzinājums
No full textMedicīnaVeselības aprūpeMedicineHealth CareAptaukošanās ir satraucoša veselības aprūpes problēma, kas apdraud ne tikai vairāk attīstītās pasaules valstis, bet arī sabiedrību visā pasaulē. Liekais svars ir slimība, kas ir saistīta ar saslimstības un mirstības pieaugumu un pasliktina cilvēku dzīves kvalitāti. Ar aptaukošanos slimo vairāk cilvēku nekā jebkad agrāk, un joprojām nav vērojama tendence, ka aptaukošanās skarto personu skaits samazinās. Gadsimtiem ilgi aptaukošanās skartie cilvēki meklē medicīniskus risinājumus cīņai ar aptaukošanos. Šodien mēs varētu saskarties ar pagrieziena punktu vēsturē. Tirgū ienāk jauni svara samazināšanas medikamenti, kas uzrāda daudzsološu iedarbību, kura ir salīdzināma ar bariatrisko ķirurģiju, tikai ar iknedēļas injekcijām. Tomēr šie medikamenti vēl nav pilnībā izprasti, lai gan tie jau izraisījuši plašas diskusijas sabiedrībā, karstas debates un bieži tiek slavēti kā zāles pret aptaukošanos. Vēsture liecina, ka ir daudz mēģinājumu rast farmakoloģiskus risinājumus šai sarežģītajai metabolisma intervencei, bet ir tikai daži ilgtermiņa veiksmes stāsti. Šī literatūras apskata mērķis ir sniegt ieskatu par pašlaik apstiprinātajiem medikamentiem pret aptaukošanos un salīdzināt to efektivitāti ar riska profilu.Obesity represents an alarming health care concern, that does not only threaten more developed countries, but societies all around the globe. Overweight is a condition, that is associated with an increase in morbidity, as well as mortality and decreases quality of life of individuals. More people than ever before are obese and the trend is still not showing a decrease in numbers of affected individuals. For centuries, affected individuals seek medical solutions for their battle against obesity. Today, we could face a turning point in history. New weight-loss drugs are entering the market and show promising effects, that are comparable with bariatric surgery, only by weekly injections. However, those drugs are not yet fully understood, even though they already face a massive public discussion, heated debates and are often praised as cure to obesity. History shows that there are many attempts for pharmacological solutions for this complex metabolic intervention, but only a few long-term success stories. This literature review aims to provide an insight into the currently approved Anti-Obesity medications and compares their effectiveness with their risk profile