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SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING PRACTICES ON SELLING LOCAL FOODS AND CUSTOMER BUYING DECISION AMONG UNIVERSITIES’ ACADEMIC STAFF IN SAGAING
No full textThis study investigates social media marketing practices on selling local foods and customer buying decision among Universities' academic staff in Sagaing. Data were collected from 160 respondents selected through a stratified random sampling method from the University of Co-operative and Management, Sagaing, and Sagaing University of Education. The research was analyzed using SPSS software, including reliability testing, correlation analysis, and regression techniques. A quantitative research design was adopted, utilizing a structured questionnaire on a seven-point Likert scale. This research focuses on five core components of social media marketing: entertainment,interaction, advertisement, electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM), and social influence.The finding of a correlation that social influence is more correlated than other variables with customer buying decisions. The findings revealed that among the five factors, EWOM and social influence significantly and positively affected customer buying
decisions, while entertainment, interaction, and advertisement did not show statistically significant effects. The study underscores the importance of peer opinions, trust, and social engagement in influencing food purchasing behavior. It can be concluded that social media is an effective platform for gathering insights on food trends, product satisfaction, and service quality. These insights can help food businesses develop more targeted and culturally relevant social media strategies to enhance customer engagement and drive sales
LEADERSHIP STYLES AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT OF INGOS INTENTION TO SETUP MICROFINANCE IN NORTHERN SHAN STATE
No full textThis study aims to analyze leadership styles and employee engagement among INGOs intention to set up microfinance in Northern Shan State. Seven organizations are selected from a total of thirty-three in the region using the cluster sampling method.The study employs both quantitative and qualitative research methods, utilizing primary and secondary data. Primary data are collected from all permanent staff of the selected organizations using a structured questionnaire based on a seven-point Likert scale.Reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis are used in this study. The findings reveal that all leadership styles have a positive and moderate relationship with the three dimensions of employee engagement: vigor, dedication, and absorption. Specifically, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles were found to have positive effects on all dimensions of employee engagement. However,transformational leadership style was not found to have a significant effect on any of the three dimensions. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the management of INGOs in Northern Shan should adopt a transactional eadership style to enhance employee engagement. This, in turn, will help improve organizational performance and support the achievement of objectives and programming outcomes in the microfinance sector within the region
FACTORS INFLUENCING ON PURCHASE INTENTION TO COSMETIC PRODUCTS FROM ONLINE SHOPPING IN UNIVERSITY OF CO-OPERATIVE AND MANAGEMENT, SAGAING
No full textThe purpose of this study is to identify the critical factors that mainly influence consumer purchase intention towards cosmetic products from online shopping.Primary data on the target population were collected through an online survey using a structured questionnaire. The target population of the study is consumers who have experience purchasing cosmetic products through online platforms. The sample size of 286 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling. Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the data analysis. Six independent variables were considered in this study: Ease of use, usefulness, enjoyment, risk, time saving,and trustworthiness, while purchase intention was used as the dependent variable. It has been found that ease of use, usefulness, enjoyment, time saving and trustworthiness have significant and positive influence on purchase intention. It has been observed that risk has no significant influence on purchase intention. It has been noticed that perceived ease of use is the most influential factor affecting consumers’ online purchase intention. Regarding the results, it can be concluded that there is a
positive relationship between online purchase intention and factors such as ease of use,usefulness, enjoyment, time saving and trustworthiness in the context of cosmetic products. It can be well-known knowledge that user-friendly, efficient, and enjoyable online platforms play an important role in shaping consumer behavior. Moreover,digital strategies can be enhanced to align with consumer expectations and promote higher purchase intention in the online cosmetic shopping environment
Finding the Shortest Route in Sagaing Region Network
No full textKhine Yin Myint1
Abstract
In this paper, an algorithm related to the shortest route problems is discussed. Then, the shortest route from Sagaing Township to Banmauk Township in Sagaing Region is computed by using Dijkstra’s algorithm. Finally, the minimum distance of travelling along the ten townships in Sagaing Region to traverse each route exactly once is calculated
Impact Of HRM Practices On Employee Job Satisfaction Towards Job Prerformance Of UAB Banks In Mandalay
No full textThis study aims to investigate the impact of human resource management practices on employee job satisfaction and employee performance at UAB banks in Mandalay. In the modern banking sector, employee satisfaction is a critical factor that directly affects organizational success and competitive advantage. In this study, primary data are collected through structured questionnaires using a seven-point Likert scale from 141 employees from 15 branches of UAB bank in Mandalay. Stratified random sampling with proportional allocation is used to ensure representation across different departments and job levels. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and simple linear regression analysis are performed using SPSS software to assess the relationships among variables. The findings reveal that training programs and performance appraisal have the strongest
influence. Furthermore, employee job satisfaction has an effect on employee performance at UAB banks in Mandalay. It offers helpful suggestions for bank
management to design and implement HR strategies that not only attract and retain top talent but also build a motivated and high-performing workforce. This study recommends that UAB banks continue to invest in fair recruitment processes,comprehensive training programs, competitive compensation systems, effective performance appraisals, and meaningful reward mechanisms to sustain employee satisfaction and achieve long-term success
FACTORS INFLUENCING EARLY GRADE READING SKILLS IN TAUNGGYI TOWNSHIP
No full textThis study investigates factors influencing early grade reading skills among primary school students in Taunggyi Township, Myanmar. Using a cross-sectional survey with data from 300 students from Grade 1-3 were selected from 10 schools across five remoteness categories, along with their parents and teachers, collected through a two-stage random sampling method. The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) was employed to measure proficiency across nine literacy components, with multiple regression analysis used to identify determinants of reading performance. Results indicated that students performed best in phonological awareness tasks but struggled with comprehension. The overall mean EGRA score was 50.86 per 900, with substantial progression across grades -non-readers decreased from 80% in Grade 1 to 22% in Grade 3. Four regression models explained between 51.2% and 60.1% of variance in reading performance, revealing that adult homework assistance emerged as the strongest predictor of reading achievement. The use of Myanmar exercise book, teacher marking practices, and preschool attendance significantly supported reading development. Non-remote school locations consistently predicted better outcomes, highlighting geographical disparities in educational access. The presence of adult readers in households and systematic assessment use further enhanced reading performance. Pedagogical effectiveness varied by student ability level. Struggling readers benefited from oral modeling approaches, repeated reading strategy, pictorial storytelling and silent reading. Advanced readers performed better with sophisticated activities like compound word construction and role play but struggled with repetitive exercises designed for beginners. The study demonstrates that effective reading instruction requires aligning teaching strategies with student readiness levels, supported by strong home-school partnerships and equitable resource distribution. Key recommendations include strengthening parental engagement, ensuring equitable access to educational materials, implementing differentiated instruction, and providing
targeted teacher training in evidence-based literacy methods
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING ON PADDY PRODUCTION IN PATHEINGYI TOWNSHIP
No full textPaddy production is a major source of employment and income, as well as a socio-economic factor for rural households, and the growth of paddy production is extremely important. The objectives of this study are to study the socio-economic aspects of paddy farmers and to analyze the factors affecting paddy production among farmers in Kyar Ni Kan village, Patheingyi Township. According to the Yamane approach, 172 households are the necessary sample size, and the simple random sampling technique was applied. Descriptive analysis is used to study the socioeconomic factors of paddy farmers. Multiple regression analysis and the Cobb-Douglas production function are applied in this study. The results of the multiple regression
model show that larger family sizes among paddy farmers are associated with higher income from paddy production. The expenses are positively related to the income of paddy farmers. As expenses for paddy production increase, the income of paddy farmers also rises. Older age can make physically demanding tasks like transplanting and weeding rice fields more difficult. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis shows that the paddy land would increase the paddy production, holding other factors constant. Capital could increase paddy production, holding other factors constant. Also, capital and land are influential factors in increasing paddy production. Thus, to support training and educational initiatives involving the cultivation of seeds, mechanization capabilities, and good agricultural practices, the Department of Agriculture and other relevant organizations should boost paddy production more than it is currently. The Ministry and the Rice Mill Association should gather and distribute information on agricultural product market prices independently. This role should be coordinated to enhance the quality of the information. Technology and adaptive farming practices can help mitigate the challenges, allowing older farmers to continue cultivating paddy, and should be supported
THE EFFECT OF CROPPING PATTERN ON THE AGRICULTURAL INCOME OF SELECTED FARMERS (CASE STUDY IN THE MAUTAW VILLAGE TRACT, ZEYARTHIRI TOWNSHIP, NAY PYI TAW)
No full textThis study aimed to study the demographic characteristics of farming households and to analyze the effect of cropping pattern on farmers' crop production profit in Zeyarthiri Township, Nay Pyi Taw. This study was conducted by using the sample random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The most common cropping pattern observed was summer paddy monsoon paddy, reflecting the reliance on rice as a staple crop. Among all crops grown, monsoon paddy was the most cultivated, followed by summer paddy. These patterns reveal the dominance of rice-based farming systems in the study area. As a result of the second research objective, age, land access, and the triple cropping system are significantly influenced on crop production profit: Age of household’s head was positively and significantly related to crop profit. Moreover, farming experience and age of household’s head are highly correlated. Therefore, the older or more experienced farmers earned significantly higher profits in crop production. Land ownership was found to have a positive and highly significant influence on crop production profit. This implies that larger landholdings enable economies of scale, more intensive use of capital and labor, and ultimately higher profits. The triple cropping system was positively and significantly associated with crop production profit compared to monocropping
ASSESSING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT ACROSS PABETAN WARD IN HINTHADA TOWNSHIP
No full textThis study assessed the socio-economic determinants of women empowerment across Pabetan Ward in Hinthada Township. The aim of the study is to assess the socio-economic determinants that influence the empowerment of
women in Pabetan Ward, Hinthada Township. Data were collected 150 women with different age groups and socio-economic backgrounds by using sample random sampling method through structured questionnaires and interviews. Among these, education, income and access to resources demonstrated the strongest positive impact, enhancing women’s decision making in household. Although cultural norms were negatively correlated with empowerment, the effect was statistically insignificant. Despite signs of progress, barriers such as limited access to financial services, property ownership, and leadership opportunities remain, particularly in traditional and informal sectors. The study recommends implementing adult literacy and vocational training programs, expanding microfinance access, improving
maternal healthcare, and establishing community-based centers that offer integrated services such as legal aid, skills training, and counseling. Overall, the research underscores the importance of targeted, inclusive development policies that address structural challenges and promote gender equality and community resilience in Pabetan Ward
FACTORS INFLUENCING MIGRATION IN CHAUNGZON TOWNSHIP, MON STATE
No full textThis study investigates migration patterns and the factors influencing migration decisions in Chaungzon Township, Mon State, Myanmar. It aims to analyze the township’s socio-economic profile and to identify key push and pull factors driving migration. Both primary and secondary data were utilized in the study. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 346 households with migration experience, selected using a two-stage sampling method. Secondary data were obtained from government reports, academic publications, and relevant online sources. The findings reveal that a larger proportion of migrants, nearly two-thirds, has moved abroad (external migration), while about one-third have relocated within the country (internal migration). Major destinations for international migrants include Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia, whereas domestic migrants mainly move to other parts of Myanmar. Economic drivers, such as financial hardship, scarcity of local employment opportunities, and inadequate wages, emerged as the most significant push factors. Regression analysis further confirms that economic constraints have a greater impact on migration decisions than pull factors. Most migrants are employed in low-skilled sectors, and remittances are predominantly used to meet basic household expenses. These findings suggest that migration serves as a strategic response to local economic challenges, highlighting the importance of policies that promote local employment and improve living conditions to reduce out-migration and strengthen community resilience