European Journal of Chemistry
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Phytochemical analysis and therapeutic applications of some wild edible fruits growing in Uttarakhand Himalayas
Full text linkThe purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the phytochemical composition and biological properties of indigenous wild edible fruits that grow in the Uttarakhand Himalayas in India. Plant extracts were prepared employing the cold percolation method in both nonpolar and polar solvents, i.e., hexane and methanol. Subsequent GC-MS analysis of the hexane extracts, namely Pyracantha crenulata hexane extract 01 (PCHE01), Berberis asiatica hexane extract 02 (BAHE02), Rubus ellipticus hexane extract 03 (REHE03), Ficus palmata Forssk hexane extract 04 (FPHE04), and Myrica esculenta hexane extract 05 (MEHE05), revealed the identification of more than 32, 40, 44, 53, and 48 constituents, which accounted for 74.4, 83.4, 78.9, 70.0, and 73.2% of the overall composition, respectively. The nutritional elements of Pyracantha crenulata (PC), Rubus ellipticus (RE), Myrica esculenta (ME), Ficus palmata Forsk (FP) and Berberis asiatica (BA) were also studied. The results indicated that the boron content was highest in all samples. Hexane and methanol fruit extracts were studied for their total phenolic and flavonoid content, which revealed variations. Both extracts were examined for different biological activities. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using three different methods. In vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity was performed by measuring the denaturation of egg albumin protein. In the methanolic extract, the lowest IC50 value was recorded for REME3 at 7.50±0.03 µg/mL. Likewise, in the hexane extract, BAHE02 exhibited a minimum IC50 value of 4.47±0.87 µg/mL. The evaluation of antidiabetic activity of hexane and methanol extracts was carried out through an α-amylase inhibition assay. The comprehensive biological activity assays and elemental analyzes underscored the significant nutraceutical value of these plants. It was evident that these plants have the potential to serve as effective nutrient supplements and could be of considerable industrial importance in the field of the nutraceutical sector. This research is important not only from an academic perspective, but also for establishing a valuable database that can guide the sustainable use of wild edible plants
Exploring solvatochromism in Nile Blue 690 dye: Evaluating dipole moments across the ground and excited states
Full text linkThis study investigates the photophysical properties of Nile Blue 690 (NB-690) dye using spectroscopic techniques. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to analyze NB-690, revealing pronounced bathochromic shifts in both absorption and fluorescence spectra, indicative of the π → π* transition. The study focuses on estimating ground- and excited-state dipole moments of NB-690 through solvatochromic shifts in absorption and fluorescence spectra. Various computational methods, including the Bilot-Kawski approach for ground state dipole moment computation, and the Reichardt correlation, the Bakhshiev, the Lippert-Mataga, and the Kawski-Chamma-Viallet methods for calculating the excited state dipole moment, were utilized. The results demonstrate excited-state dipole moment values of 6.922, 5.529, 5.529, 5.529, and 4.615 D, respectively, using the Lippert-Mataga, Bakhshiev, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet and solvent polarity correlation approaches. Significantly, the excited state dipole moment surpasses the ground state dipole moment, attributed to the significant π-electron density redistribution upon excitation. Intriguingly, both excited- and ground-state dipole moments align parallel to each other at a 0° angle. In general, these findings underscore the potential utility of NB-690 in optoelectronic applications, highlighting its responsiveness to environmental signals and providing valuable information for further exploration in the field
Excited states of diphenylacetylene (tolan): Near and vacuum UV polarization spectroscopy
Full text linkThe UV absorbance spectrum of the important chromophore diphenylacetylene (tolan) is investigated by Synchrotron Radiation Linear Dichroism (SRLD) spectroscopy using stretched polyethylene as an anisotropic solvent. The investigation covers the range of 58,000-28,000 cm–1 (172-360 nm). The observed linear dichroism provides information on the transition moment directions of the four main absorbance bands A, B, C, and D at 33,300, 44,400, 51,000, and 57,000 cm-1 (300, 225, 196, and 175 nm). The experimental wavenumbers, intensities, and polarization directions are compared with the results of quantum chemical calculations using the semiempirical all-valence-electrons method Linear Combination of Orthogonalized Atomic Orbitals (LCOAO) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) with the functional CAM-B3LYP. Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) B-terms predicted with LCOAO suggest that a number of optically weak transitions may be observed by MCD spectroscopy
Geochemical survey of the Nyamyumba and Bugarama hot springs in the western province of Rwanda
Full text linkThe focus of the current study was to investigate the presence of selected trace metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, Ni, and Cu) and to determine the major cation and anion levels in Nyamyumba and Bugarama hot springs in the Western Province of Rwanda. The trace metals were determined using micro plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The mean Cu concentrations in Nyamyumba and Bugarama were found to be 0.1 mg/L and were within the permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) for potable water. Similarly, Mn concentrations were within acceptable WHO limits with mean concentrations being 0.04±0.02 and 0.11±0.03 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, respectively. The lead concentration was found to be above the WHO limits with mean results of 0.01±0.001 and 0.013±0.01 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, respectively. The mean concentration of cadmium was 0.01 mg/L in both sampling sites, which is observed to be above the allowed WHO limit. Nickel, on the other hand, was found to be below the detection limit. The fluoride concentration was determined using the SPADNS Ultra Violet Spectroscopic (UV-VIS) method and its mean levels were found to be 1.07±0.05 and 0.85±0.07 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, correspondingly, which is within the acceptable limit of the WHO. Due to the potential pollution trends identified in this study, it is recommended that biosorption remediation techniques be applied for potable and therapeutic water usage to reduce the levels of Pb and Cd, which can have serious etiological risks to both flora and fauna due to possible trace metal bioaccumulation
Synthesis, crystal structure, and spectroscopic characterization of a new non-centrosymmetric compound, 1-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)methanimine
Full text linkIn this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new condensed aromatic heterocycle (1-(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)methanimine) useful in various fields, mainly in medicinal and therapeutic chemistry, with interesting biological properties. Characterization of the title compound was carried out by 1H, 13C, 19F nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystal structure reveals that title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system and crystal data for C17H12ClFN2: monoclinic, space group P21 (no. 4), a = 7.2253(10) Å, b = 5.7720(10) Å, c = 17.105(2) Å, β = 95.338(10)°, V = 710.26(18) Å3, Z = 2, T = 298(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.274 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.397 g/cm3, 5010 reflections measured (4.784° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.324°), 3160 unique (Rint = 0.0501, Rsigma = 0.0506) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0339 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0907 (all data). The obtained molecular structure has an antiparallel arrangement of the molecular unit leading to a one-dimensional framework
Effect of air pollution on plant life in the city of Chittagong, Bangladesh
Full text linkBangladesh faces a serious problem with air pollution, which has a negative impact on human health and tree health. Leaf damage, slow development, and decreased photosynthetic activity are just a few of the harmful effects on trees that have been linked to high concentrations of pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. These consequences affect the aesthetic value of green spaces in addition to interfering with the functions of the ecosystem that trees offer, such as air filtration and carbon sequestration. Given the seriousness of the problem, the present study plan was implemented to evaluate the amount of pollutants such as SOx, NOx, O3, hydrocarbons, particulate matter 2.5, particulate matter 10 and suspended particulate matter in the air in several urban areas of Chittagong and to evaluate the amount of chlorophyll from the leaves of affected and without affected leaves so that it may understand how the photosynthesis process of plants is interrupted by air pollution. 2 Number Gate Circle, Akbarsha Lane Circle, Alongkar Mor Bus Stop, Barik Building Circle, BDR Field Circle, Halishahar Access Road, Artillery Center-North Halishahar, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute and CRB Circle were selected as sampling location based on their heavy traffic and crowdedness. For the analysis of chlorophyll, each plant leaves were collected in three sections such as unaffected, slightly affected, and affected for comparison. The data studied showed that the most polluted zone with particulate matter had a lower chlorophyll concentration in the surrounding tree leaves. This can indicate that particulate matter can hinder photosynthesis reactions
Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and antioxidant activity of N-(3-chloropropionyl)-N'-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea
Full text linkIn the present work, a new carbonoyl thiourea derivative, N-(3-chloropropionyl)-N'-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea, was synthesized by the reaction of 3-chloropropionyl isothiocyanate with 4-methoxyaniline in acetone solution. The newly synthesized compound was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. X-ray crystallographic studies indicate that the compound crystallized in the triclinic crystal system with space group P-1 and unit cell dimension are a = 10.2262(6) Å, b = 11.5007(7) Å, c = 12.6116(8) Å, α = 72.253(2)°, β = 66.348(2)°, γ = 88.099(2)°, Z = 4 and V = 1287.22 (14) Å3. Strong intramolecular O-H···N hydrogen bonds are present that form a six-member pseudo-ring S(6). In the crystal structure, the molecules are linked by N-H···O, N-H···S, and C-H···O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions formed infinite one-dimensional chains with an R22(8) and R22(12) rings motif of molecules. The antioxidant test using the DPPH method showed that the compound exhibits a good antioxidant activity of about 80%
pH and time effectiveness on azithromycin drug: A spectrophotometric approach
Full text linkThe present study describes a straightforward method to assess the quality control and diagnostic characteristics of three different brands of film-coated azithromycin tablets. The method is based on the reduction of potassium permanganate in a slightly alkaline solution using azithromycin. The effects of acidity and time were investigated to evaluate the reliability of the method. A spectroscopic technique was used to determine the concentration of azithromycin in a sample by measuring the decrease in potassium permanganate absorbance at a specific wavelength of 547 nm. Azithromycin causes decolorization of potassium permanganate with reduction. The method allowed the determination of azithromycin concentrations ranging from 3-15 μg/mL in the final solution. The usual components present in the azithromycin tablets were observed not to interfere with the method. The results obtained for the determination of azithromycin in tablets were in good agreement with the allowed limit