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Peritoneal Dialysis in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices Among Patients, Caregivers, and Health Care Professionals
No full textThis project is a scoping review examining knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), psychological experiences, and care preferences related to peritoneal dialysis (PD) among patients, family caregivers, and health care professionals in Southeast Asia (SEA). PD is a home-based renal replacement therapy promoted in several SEA countries to address access barriers, workforce constraints, and system-level costs associated with facility-based hemodialysis. Despite supportive national policies in some settings, PD uptake and long-term sustainability remain variable, suggesting that stakeholder-level factors play an important role in shaping PD utilization.
The purpose of this review is to map the extent, range, and nature of empirical evidence describing how PD is understood, perceived, experienced, and practiced by key stakeholders involved in PD care in SEA. The review is guided by a prespecified Knowledge–Attitudes–Practices (KAP) framework, with psychological experiences and decision-making preferences examined as integrated subdomains of attitudes and practices. This framework enables structured mapping across heterogeneous study designs while allowing inductive identification of concepts not captured by the initial model.
The review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies involving patients receiving PD, family caregivers, and health care professionals in SEA. A comprehensive search will be conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, with reference list screening of included studies. Data will be extracted using a structured, piloted form and summarized descriptively, with findings charted and organized by stakeholder group and KAP domain.
Expected outcomes include a comprehensive evidence map, identification of modifiable barriers and facilitators influencing PD uptake and sustainability, clarification of stakeholder perspectives, and identification of key gaps to inform future research, policy, and PD program design in Southeast Asia
ESTUDO REGULATÓRIO SUBSIDIADO EM REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA PARA A OPERACIONALIZAÇÃO DO SISTEMA INTEGRADO DE MONITORAMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PREVISTO NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
No full textFoi desenvolvido um Estudo Regulatório visando à operacionalização do sistema integrado de monitoramento e avaliação de políticas públicas – M&A, previsto no artigo 30-A da Constituição do Estado de Goiás. Diante do mandamento constitucional e da lacuna normativa, a pesquisa buscou, inicialmente, identificar os arranjos institucionais e as melhores práticas que pudessem fundamentar tecnicamente uma proposta regulatória adequada. Para tanto, com a adoção da técnica da revisão sistemática de literatura, foi empregada a metodologia qualitativa. O percurso metodológico foi dividido em duas fases: primeiramente, focou-se na produção acadêmica do campo de públicas, buscando o estado da arte do M&A no contexto brasileiro; em seguida, a revisão sistemática explorou a abordagem Direito e Políticas Públicas -DPP, visando identificar os marcos teóricos e os pontos de conformação que oferecessem subsídios robustos ao processo regulatório. Como produto, a pesquisa oferece modelos de proposições normativas, consubstanciados em um projeto de lei voltado à regulamentação do dispositivo constitucional e, de forma complementar, uma proposta de regulamento para a futura lei, detalhando os aspectos estruturais e operacionais do sistema. Sem ignorar a dinâmica da gestão pública, com a constituição de Grupo de Trabalho - GT, o estudo contribuiu para a formulação de uma versão de projeto de lei focada em sua viabilidade política e na janela de oportunidade identificada, já tendo sido submetida à deliberação parlamentar. No entanto, a análise foi aprofundada e, a partir das evidências técnico-científicas extraídas da revisão sistemática, também foi elaborada uma versão alternativa da proposta normativa, confrontando-a criticamente com o texto formulado sob o prisma da viabilidade. Essa comparação, disposta em um quadro analítico, oferece um panorama crítico, com a indicação do modelo reputado ideal e do possível
Inconclusive mutually reinforcing effects between associative learning and fluid intelligence: Simulated reanalyses and a comment on Ren et al. (2026)
No full textBased on findings from analyses with the random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM), Ren et al. concluded reinforcing longitudinal effects between associative learning and fluid intelligence. However, the RI-CLPM is susceptible to spurious findings. Here, we analyzed data simulated to resemble the data used by Ren et al. with alternative models and found discrepant increasing, decreasing, and null prospective effects between associative learning and fluid intelligence. Hence, the conclusions by Ren et al. appear not to be supported by their own data. It is important for researchers to bear in mind that correlations, including effects in the RI-CLPM, in observational (i.e., non-experimental) data may be spurious and do, consequently, not prove genuine (i.e., non-spurious) influence. We recommend researchers to fit alternative models to data and to base conclusions on an aggregation of findings
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USE MOTIVES IN PREDICTING STUDENTS' PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES
No full textSupplementary materials to Service development needs to promote caregiver empowerment for families raising children with developmental disabilities in Ethiopia and Argentina A qualitative comparative analysis
No full textAnticholinergic Burden and Risk of Motor Vehicle Crash Injuries: A Case-Crossover Analysis
No full textWe aimed to determine whether exposure to medications with a high cumulative anticholinergic burden is associated with a significantly higher risk of motor vehicle crash injury (MVCI) as drivers or not in the general population, compared with exposure to low or no cumulative anticholinergic burden. Therefore, our objective was to conduct a retrospective longitudinal study in a claims database using a self-controlled case-crossover design to assess the association between anticholinergic burden and motor vehicle crash injury (MVCI), while adjusting for relevant confounding variables. Additionally, we will apply an exploratory data-driven method to identify the anticholinergic burden trends most likely to affect the risk for MVCIs
Interventions to Reduce Loneliness in Young People (10–25). Exploring the impact of theory application and digital context: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textThis systematic review and meta-analysis examines the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions aiming to reduce loneliness in young people aged 10–25 years, with a particular focus on how and why these interventions work in contemporary digital contexts. Loneliness in adolescence and emerging adulthood has increased markedly over the past two decades and is associated with significant mental, physical, and socioeconomic harms. While many interventions report modest average benefits, there remains limited clarity regarding the mechanisms of change underpinning successful interventions, especially for younger populations growing up in highly digitalised social environments.
The project consists of a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention studies published between 2000 and 2025. It synthesises quantitative evidence from randomised and quasi-experimental studies that evaluate psychosocial interventions targeting loneliness as a primary or secondary outcome. Beyond estimating overall effectiveness, the study adopts a novel theory-driven framework, coding each intervention according to six foundational theories of loneliness (attachment, social needs, cognitive discrepancy, evolutionary, socio-ecological, and cultural models). This allows for the examination of whether interventions grounded in particular theoretical mechanisms produce stronger and more consistent reductions in loneliness.
A key innovation of the project is its explicit consideration of digital context. The review examines whether intervention effectiveness varies by delivery mode (in-person, digital, or hybrid), by national youth social-media prevalence, and by historical period (pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic). This responds to growing evidence that the experience and structure of loneliness may have shifted alongside widespread smartphone use, social media immersion, and pandemic-related social disruption.
Meta-analytic techniques will be used to calculate standardised effect sizes (Hedges’ g) and to conduct multilevel moderator analyses that account for study heterogeneity and statistical dependence. Where quantitative synthesis is not feasible, structured narrative synthesis will be employed.
The expected outcomes of this research are threefold. First, it will provide an up-to-date estimate of the effectiveness of loneliness interventions for young people. Second, it will identify which theoretical mechanisms are most strongly associated with positive outcomes, informing the design of more targeted and efficient interventions. Third, it will clarify how digital environments and delivery formats shape intervention efficacy. Collectively, the findings aim to support evidence-informed policy, guide future intervention development, and improve mental health provision for young people in increasingly digital societies
