Journal of the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic" SASA - Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic"
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ECOTOURISM CONSTRAINTS: WHAT PREVENTS DOMESTIC TOURISTS IN SERBIA FROM VISITING ECO-DESTINATIONS?
Get PDFWithin the concept of sustainable development, ecotourism has emerged as a special form of tourism aimed at preserving and protecting natural and cultural resources, but also at contributing to the well-being of the local community. Although today the importance of ecotourism is recognized worldwide, there are countries that, despite their natural wealth and potential, have failed to popularize ecotourism. Considering that Serbia is one of them, the main goal of this research was to reveal ecotourism constraints and reasons which prevent domestic tourists from visiting eco-destination. In addition, the study aimed to determine how well the respondents are informed and familiar with the concept of ecotourism. To achieve that, the survey was conducted among 379 participants, residents of Serbia in September 2019. The constraining scale has been created, and by applying exploratory factor analysis, four factors have been singled out (Fears, Lack of resources, Lack of information, and Disadvantages of the tourism product). The findings showed that the biggest constraint preventing domestic tourists from visiting eco-destinations is inadequate waste disposal at such sites. It has also been found that the respondents are highly constrained by the lack of information, time, and money. The results also reveal the degree to which other factors contribute to non-visits to eco destinations, but also which of them do not have a key impact on tourists' decision to avoid such locations. The paper additionally discusses the potential impact of a lack of ecotourism knowledge on the respondents' answers regarding ecotourism constraints in Serbia
THE IMPACTS OF SECOND HOME TOURISM ON SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE: THE RESIDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to determine the perceptions of permanent residents on the impact of foreign second home owners on the socio-cultural and economic life of the city, and the residents’ level of satisfaction in terms of living with them. As part of the research, a questionnaire study was carried out with 453 residents who reside in areas where there is a predominance of second home owners. The Second Home Tourism Impact Scale (SHTIS) was developed to measure the impacts of second home owners. In the results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), four main factors were identified to be associated with residents’ perceptions of the socio-cultural and economic impacts of second home owners. These factors included socio-cultural benefit, socio-cultural cost, economic benefit, and economic cost. These factors were then affirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). According to the main findings of the study, the residents believe that while foreign owners increase the economic costs, they also generate major economic benefits to their lives. In terms of socio-cultural aspects, they stated that second homes owners caused more positive effects compared to the negative ones. Moreover, it was identified that although the residents are not dissatisfied with the foreign owners, they do not support the foreign owners to have more estates and be entitled to easier conditions to buy them
LAND COVER TYPES AND CHANGES IN LAND USE IN REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA (BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA) OVER THE PERIOD 2000–2018
Get PDFRepublic of Srpska (RS) covers an area of 24,666 km2 or about 48.5% of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s territory. Spatial and environmental changes accelerated due to dynamic historical period upon the RS formation and the following development period. The extent of these changes can be determined by comparing satellite images obtained from different acquisition periods. By processing images, with the support of geographic information systems, it is possible to create a database that aims to analyze spatial processes in a specific area in order to determine quantitative and qualitative parameters. In this way, the trends of spatial development (e.g. excessive logging, land cover damage, water pollution, etc.) and potentially vulnerable components of the environment can be monitored. The data for Bosnia and Herzegovina were collected from CORINE Land Cover (CLC) database for 39 European countries. The CLC is a project launched by the European Environment Agency (EEA) more than thirty years ago with the aim of collecting, coordinating and ensuring the consistency of information on natural resources and the environment. The goal of the paper is to identify land cover types and determine environment changes in the territory of Republic of Srpska over the period 2000–2018 as a consequence of the land use conversion
THE CURRENT STATE AND PROTECTION OF STEPPE LANDSCAPES IN THE VOLGOGRAD REGION OF RUSSIA
Get PDFThe anthropogenic activity creates a significant negative impact on the steppe biome of the Earth. Eurasian steppe is one of the most altered by human economic activity, particularly in Russia. These changes are especially vividly manifested in the Russian Plain, the old-developed territory of Russia. The most substantial damage on steppe landscapes of the Russian Plain was caused by the extensive agricultural use of naturalgrasslands, especially in the second half of the 20th century. The overwhelming majority of natural steppe landscapes are replaced here by agricultural landscapes which threaten the preservation of the unique soil, biological and landscape diversity of steppes. The main goal of the article is to analyze the current geoecological situation in the steppe zone of the Russian Plain from the regional aspect: by the example of its south-eastern part attributed to the Volgograd region. The described territory is characterized by the extraordinary landscape diversity and located within forest-steppe, steppe and semi-desert natural zones. The article deals with the analysis of the current agricultural structure in the south-east of the Russian Plain within Volgograd Region, of major geoecological consequences of economic activity typical of different types of agricultural lands, and also of pressing problems related to the preservation of the landscape, and of the biodiversity of steppe landscape. The results of this research are necessary to make decisions aimed at optimizing agriculture, at raising the quality of steppe landscape preservation, and at organizing ecologically-conscious recreational activity to preserve the unique variety of steppe landscapes
CAN WINTER TOURISM BE TRULY SUSTAINABLE IN NATURAL PROTECTED AREAS?
Get PDFEven though legally protected, many areas worldwide are under a certain level of human pressure. Significant for humanity for many reasons, mountain regions are also threatened because of different anthropogenic activities, especially the ones with developed winter tourism. There are four main ski resorts in Serbia (Kopaonik, Zlatibor, Stara Planina and Brezovica) and the strongest environmental impact is registered on Kopaonik Mountain. In this paper, we tried to answer if winter tourism could be sustainable in protected areas, especially on Kopaonik Mountain, which is recognized as the largest ski resort in Serbia and a natural protected area of the highest state level—a National Park. The main threats to the environment in Kopaonik National Park are logging, building and construction of ski slopes, urbanization, artificial snow use, illegal and unplanned building. Negative consequences of winter tourism development are land degradation, deforestation, loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, ecosystem disturbances, erosion, soil loss and pollution, water and air pollution, noise and light pollution. Harmonizing tourism development with conservation activities within natural protected areas is one of the main priorities of sustainable use of natural values and resources. For the successful and sustainable development of an area, it is necessary to conduct multidisciplinary planning, based on the results from the relevant scientific disciplines
IN MEMORIAM ACADEMICIAN PROF. OLGA HADŽIĆ, PhD (1946–2019)
Get PDFIN MEMORIAM ACADEMICIAN PROF. OLGA HADŽIĆ, PhD (1946–2019
NATURAL POTENTIALS OF SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT – THE FOCUS ON THE SPECIAL NATURE RESERVE
Get PDFThe Special Nature Reserve "Zasavica" is a significant wetland and Ramsar site of the southwestern part of Vojvodina Province (Northern Serbia). This complex of aquatic habitats has been formed by the effects of the Sava and the Drina rivers. This former riverbed of the Sava River and the today’s Zasavica stream makes the basic hydrographic resource of this protected area. The reserve is inhabited by numerous rare and endangered plant and animal species, which unitedly make rare biodiversity, unique in the country and the region. Whether the area of the Special Nature Reserve “Zasavica” represents a significant potential for the development of tourism will be concluded in this paper by using two scientific methods. The obtained results from a conducted questionnaire, as the first method, will be used to analyze the interplay of factors and their interrelations as potentials for sustainable tourism development, outlined in the Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy of Serbia.The obtained results can examine the main hypothesis that the SNR is a significant tourist potential for ecotourism both at the level of the Republic of Serbia and at the level of the countries in the region, such as Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as other European countries. By enhancing sustainable tourism and protecting the space of this reserve, and by implementing the national tourist offer, higher socio-cultural, economic and ecological benefits can be achieved
IMPACT OF POPULATION ON THE KARST OF EAST SARAJEVO (BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
Get PDFResearch of human settlements on the karst area of East Sarajevo starts with a brief overview of the City's characteristic traits and the influence of relief on the distribution of the population. The karst terrain was mapped using GIS tools, after which the percentage of the population and its concentration on the karst area of the East Sarajevo was determined. Karst areas have a low population density caused by difficult living conditions due to the vertical and horizontal dissection of relief, lack of mineral resources, geodynamic disasters, water shortages, specific climate conditions, degraded land, and vegetation. The consequences are the fragmentation of property, migration and aging of the population, lack of labor, weakening of the economy, etc. The research focus is to determine the degree of the anthropogenic impact on the karst environment and to apply the suitable methodology in the determination of the settlements categories according to the degree of karst environment vulnerability
IMPACT OF LONDON RESIDENTS’ SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ON THE MOTIVES FOR VISITING NATIONAL PARKS
Get PDFThe establishment of national parks is motivated by the preservation of natural values and resources or, more precisely, landscape and biodiversity, as well as satisfying scientific, educational, health and recreational, tourism, cultural and other needs. They have two often conflicting purposes: to protect important natural and cultural resources and to offer the possibility to use these areas as well as to enjoy them. People love to travel to protected natural areas just because on a relatively small but representative territory they can see a large number of plant and animal species, as well as participate in recreational activities in a pristine environment. The purpose of this study was to identify the motives and constraints for visiting national parks in relation to age, education level and employment status. The research was conducted among the London residents who are potential visitors of national parks in England. A total of 107 respondents were questioned through an online survey. The results obtained in this study showed that there are differences in motives and constraints in relation to sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. The results of this study could direct the management of national parks to focus more on identifying and meeting the needs of potential visitors because of the increasing popularity of ecotourism
A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF TOURIST DISTRIBUTION IN MONTENEGRO
Get PDFMontenegro is facing significant changes in tourist turnover. Tourism activity has become increasingly more skewed toward the Montenegrin coastal area, which confirms the concern about regional inequality of tourism. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of foreign and domestic tourists in Montenegro, based on spatial statistical tools as a set of Geographical Information Systems. The results indicated that during the analyzed period (2007–2016), the spatial distribution of domestic and foreign tourists was different. Main geographical center of foreign tourists is Budva and of domestic tourists is Cetinje. There was apparent uneven dispersion of tourist demand between Coastal (on the south) and Northern region. Moreover, the results revealed tourist distribution clusters in order to identify the tourism centers with the highest number of tourists in different geographical areas of Montenegro. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution is a very important tool for the reduction of regional economic inequality. Also, the results of the spatial distribution of tourists can be used for the forecasting of future tourist behavior