Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science
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Influence of seedling age and integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of aromatic rice (cv. BRRI dhan34)
Get PDFTo investigate the performance of aromatic rice (cv. BRRI dhan34) in response to seedling age and nutrient management, an experiment was carried out at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from July to December 2021. The experiment includes three different ages of seedlings to be transplanted viz., 30, 45 and 60 days old and six nutrient management practice viz. control (no manures and fertilizers), recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (RDF), 50% of RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 75% of RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 50% of RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 and, 75% of RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that in the case of transplanting of different aged seedlings, the highest leaf area index (5.74), dry matter hill-1 (32.86 g), number of tillers hill-1 (13.17), number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.53), plant height (113.34 cm), total grains panicle-1 (135.14), 1000-grain weight (12.45 g), grain yield (3.29 t ha-1), straw yield (4.01 t ha-1), biological yield (7.30 t ha-1) and were recorded from transplanting 30 days old seedlings. Different levels of nutrient management showed a significant impact on most of the parameters under study. The highest total dry matter hill-1 (34.02 g), the maximum LAI (5.35), plant height (115.70 cm), chlorophyll content (42.87), number of effective tillers hill-1 (12.99), panicle length (24.63 cm), total grains panicle-1 (140.17), 1000-grain weight (12.54 g), grain yield (3.27 t ha-1), straw yield (4.15 t ha-1), biological yield (7.42 t ha-1) and harvest index (43.03%) were also recorded in F5 (75% of RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1) treatment. While considering the interaction effects between the age of seedlings and nutrient management, transplanting 30 days old seedlings along with the nutrient management of 75% of RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 treatment improved yield contributing parameters and provided the highest yield (3.76 t ha-1) of BRRI dhan34 compared to other treatment combination. So, the application of 75% of RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 along with 30 days old seedlings appeared as a promising practice to obtain better performance of fine aromatic rice (cv. BRRI dhan34)
Utilizing geographic information system and indexing to evaluate irrigation suitability of groundwater in Kalihati Upazila, Bangladesh
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to evaluate groundwater quality for irrigation in Kalihati Upazila, Bangladesh, a region that is significantly reliant on groundwater for crop development, especially during dry periods. By combining hydrochemical analysis and Geographic Information System (GIS), the research examined the physicochemical attributes and their spatial distribution. Fifteen groundwater samples from various locations were analyzed to measure parameters such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), Kelly's ratio (KR), permeability index (PI), and potential salinity (PS). The pH of the groundwater ranged between 5.51 and 7.53, indicating slightly acidic to moderately alkaline conditions suited for irrigation. The EC ranged between 115.7 and 458 μS/cm, mostly falling into the "excellent" or "good" categories. Groundwater displayed irrigation suitability with TDS below 182 ppm and low SAR values, but variable RSC and MAR values indicated localized water quality issues. Based on the irrigation water quality index, all samples were within the "permissible" range. However, GIS-generated maps showed disparities in groundwater quality across the study area. Correlation matrices revealed significant links between various factors. Both the Piper and Gibbs diagrams displayed a prevalent Ca-HCO3 groundwater type influenced by geological formations. Overall, the study confirmed groundwater's appropriateness for irrigation while recommending periodic evaluations due to a few uncertainties. In conclusion, the study found that hydrochemical analysis, GIS mapping, and correlation matrices reveal groundwater quality and spatial trends, allowing for sustainable water resource management and agricultural advancement
Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater for consumption and agriculture: A case study from Phulpur Upazila, Bangladesh
No full textThe aim of this study was to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation in Phulpur Upazila, Bangladesh, based on its hydrochemical attributes. In our research, we examined twenty groundwater specimens from shallow and hand tube wells, adhering to international and national guidelines. The data showed groundwater pH levels from 5.67 to 6.84, signifying slightly acidic to neutral properties. Total dissolved solids ranged from 79 to 298 mg/l, and conductivity varied between 120 and 832 μS/cm. Notably, the primary cations and anions were sequenced as Ca > Mg > Na > K and HCO3 > Cl > SO4 > PO4, respectively. A marked correlation was discerned among the physicochemical parameters, and the predominant groundwater type was magnesium-bicarbonate (Mg-HCO3). The main geochemical activity was identified as silicate weathering, pointing to significant rock-water interactions in the region. The groundwater displayed moderate salinity and low alkalinity, qualifying them as 'excellent to good' and 'normal' in quality metrics, respectively. The soluble sodium percentage was rated as 'excellent'. On multiple assessment scales, the groundwater quality was deemed 'good' for irrigation. In line with established classification systems, most samples were suitable for drinking and irrigation. Hence, the area's groundwater is viable for consumption and agricultural utilization. Cumulatively, our research offers critical insights for sustainable groundwater stewardship in the region, providing a foundation for policymakers to guarantee the sustained provision of high-quality groundwater for diverse applications
An analysis of area and production growth rate along with price forecasting of major pulses in Bangladesh
Get PDFPulses are the most significant crops in the world, as well as in Bangladesh, for their commer-cial and nutritional importance. The study was carried out to determine the rate of expansion in area and production for several types of pulses such as Mosur, Mung, Mashkalai, Gram, and Khesari in Bangladesh, as well as to anticipate wholesale prices for those pulses. Secondary data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and the Department of Agricultural Marketing were used in this study. Following a diagnostic check, such as R2, Adjusted R2, RMSE, AIC, BIC, MAE, and MAPPE, it was discovered that the Cubic growth model was the best for specified pulses. The data over the entire time revealed that total output in the area rose in the case of all pulses. Mosur and Mung had positive average production growth rates of 2.02 and 6.919 percent, respectively. Mashkalai, Gram, and Khesari experienced negative growth rates of -0.541, -8.894, and -0.854 percent, respectively. After computing the average percentage change for Area growth rate Mosur, Mung, and Mashkalai showed positive growth rates of 1.229, 4.631, and 1.152 percent, respectively. In contrast, Gram and Khesari both had negative average values of -7.719 and -1.987 percent. This study applied the ARIMA (0,1,0) (1,0,1) model for Mosur, ARIMA (0,1,2) model for Mung, ARIMA (2,1,2) model for Mashkalai, ARIMA (2,1,4) model for Gram, and ARIMA (0,1,0) model for Khesari since those models passed the diagnostic test. Forecasting findings revealed that Mosur, Gram, and Khesari wholesale prices would be marginally modified, while Mung and Mashkalai wholesale prices would be raised in 2025. Thus, analyzing the growth rates of area and output of key pulses may help farmers allocate their land more wisely and price forecasts will help farmers in identifying the best crops for their production, which will improve the output of these crops in Bangladesh
Growth performance and survival of oyster, Saccostrea cucullata (Born, 1778) and green mussel, Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) cultivated in Bangladesh Coast
Get PDFOyster and mussel farming along the coasts and the desire to increase fishing revenue have created a boom in these types of farms. An experiment on culture of edible oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) and green mussel (Perna viridis) was performed at Gangamoti estuary in Kuakata, Bay of Bengal coast of Bangladesh from December 2021 to March 2022 to find out the appropriate culture method of the oyster, S. cucullata and green mussel, P. viridis. Initially, the average shell heights of S. cucullata and P. viridis were 8.8±1.62 and 6.9±1.89 cm, respectively; where average weights were153.4±13.23 and 84.78±11.78 g, respectively. After the culture period, oysters shell height and weight grew up to 9.1±1.98 cm and 163.2±12.54 g, respectively in rectangular basket and 8.9±1.45 cm and 157.2±11.31 g, respectively in velon screen bag. In case of oysters, the rectangular basket and velon screen bag displayed the minor progress in specific growth rate, 0.09±0.01 and 0.07±0.03, respectively. But green mussels did not show any growth rate. Oysters cultured in rectangular basket showed total mortality at day-90 and velon screen bag at day-75. Green mussels showed 100% mortality within 21 days of culture. Our experiment was the first attempt to culture these two mollusks in the Kuakata coast of Bangladesh. However, further intensive researches would be required to evaluate the culture feasibility of these two mollusks’ species in the Kuakata coast of Bangladesh.
Evaluation of the characterization and heavy metals remediation potential of biosurfactant produced by Aeromonas hydrophila S62A
Get PDFThe evaluation of the heavy metals remediation potential and characterization of biosurfactant produced by Aeromonas hydrophilia strain S62A isolated from water and sediment samples of Imo River, Nigeria was studied. In this study, 12 bacterial isolates were isolated from contaminated water and sediment samples using spread plate technique and primarily screened for biosurfactant production using emulsification index, oil displacement and surface tension tests. Secondary biosurfactant production was carried out in a modified mineral salt medium under optimized conditions for 5 days and the produced biosurfactant was characterized and evaluated for its heavy metals removal efficiencies using standard analytical procedures. The result showed that the bacterial strain identified as Aeromonas hydrophilia S62A out of the 12 isolate strains had the highest and lowest values of 66.66 %, 23.76 cm and 90 mN/m for emulsification index, oil displacement and surface tension tests, respectively. The purified biosurfactant was found to be glycophospholipid as confirmed by the gas chromatographic (GC) and Fourier Transformed Infra-Red Spectroscopic (FTIR) profiles with 5 mg/mL critical micelles concentration (CMC). Statistically, significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected among the means of all surfactant CMC treatment in comparison to their untreated controls with 2 × CMC lead having the highest (98.92 %) and control (water) having the lowest (2.09 %) heavy metals removal efficiencies. Therefore, the present study has produced glycophospholipid biosurfactant with unique structural and chemical features and composition and could be exploited in environmental remediation of heavy metals contaminated ecosystems
Productivity of strawberry as influenced by mulch materials and gibberellin under net house condition
Get PDFPlant growth regulators in combination with mulch materials have been shown to regulate physiological processes related to plant growth and development. The experiment was conducted to investigate the responses of different mulch materials and GA3 on plant morphological, physiological and yield attributes of strawberries during the period from November 2020 to March 2021. The experimental treatments included three different mulch materials: black polythene, white polythene, saw dust, and control (no mulch); and GA3 (0 and 200 ppm) were studied. According to the findings, strawberries grown with sawdust and GA3 had the highest chlorophyll content (SPAD value) (48.23), relative water content (76.45%), leaf area (48.23 cm2), maximum number of fruits (19.66) and fruit yield (321 g/plant). In contrast, individual fruit weight (18g) was the highest for plants grown in sawdust without GA3. Black polythene mulch showed no satisfactory improvement in the growth and yield characteristics of strawberry plants. Therefore, sawdust based mulching and GA3 may be recommended to obtain better strawberry growth and yield
First record of induced breeding and fry production techniques of Pialy fish, Aspidoparia jaya (Hamilton, 1822) in Bangladesh
Get PDFThis experiment was conducted for the development of induced breeding techniques of Aspidoparia jaya using the pituitary gland (PG) extract at the Floodplain Sub-station, BFRI, Santahar, Bogura, Bangladesh. Three breeding trials were conducted in May, June and July, 2021 where in May, none of the fish was ovulated. But breeding response was observed in June and July when we applied 8 mg (T1), 10 mg (T2) and 12 mg (T3) PG/kg body weight of female, and 5 mg (T1), 6 mg (T2) and 7 mg (T3) PG/kg body weight of male fish. Among all the treatments, significantly (P<0.05) highest breeding performance in terms of ovulation rate (78.87±1.71%), fertilization rate (79.39±1.40%) and hatching rate (86.98±1.20%) were observed in T3 treatment in the month of July when injected with single dose of 12 mg and 7 mg PG/ kg body weight of female and male, respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) higher values of mean gonado-somatic index were observed during June, July, August, December and January for females where July (10.15±1.50%) and January (9.55±1.30%) showed the highest peaks which indicated that they might be spawn twice in a year (from May to August and from December to January). The results from the present experiment reveals that induced breeding of Aspidoparia jaya, using PG extract is successful which might be helpful for the large-scale seed production of this species for the aquaculture as well as to conserve the species from being extinct from the biodiversity
Genotypic variability and genetic parameters for root yield, dry matter and related traits of cassava in the Guinea Savannah ecological zone of Ghana
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and genetic parameters governing storage root yield and related traits in cassava genotypes in order to identify superior genotypes. The study involved 18 elite cassava genotypes which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications and assessed for storage root yield and yield components (12 months after planting) in the Guinea savannah ecology of Ghana for three seasons. Analysis of variance indicated significant (p < 0.05) genotype and year main effects for fresh and dry root yields, dry matter content, starch yield and harvest index. Genotype × year effect was significant (p < 0.05) for fresh root yield, dry root yield and starch yield. Estimates of the variance components revealed greater genotypic influence for starch yield, fresh and dry root yields implying the potential for genetic gain with selection for these traits among the genotypes. Relatively high (69 %) broad sense heritability estimate was observed for dry storage root yield indicating the depth of genetic influence. Path coefficient analysis revealed a direct positive effect of dry matter content on dry storage root yield whilst dry storage root yield had direct positive effect on starch yield suggesting the possibility of indirect selection for starch yield through dry storage root yield. The study revealed ample genotypic variability among the cassava genotypes to warrant selection. Four genotypes, IBA 070134, IBA 419, IBA 950289 and IBA 980581 were identified for high and stable fresh and dry root yields for multilocational testing
Value addition of homemade pickles in selected areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh
No full textThe pickles are popular food item in Bangladesh. Different types and kinds of pickles are sold by the vendors in the roadside those are processed by themselves at their home. This study has been conducted to assess the value addition of homemade pickles. The four homemade pickles (mango pickle, tamarind prickle, jujube pickle and elephant apple pickle) were selected for this study. The study was conducted in Gulshan, Dhanmondi, Uttara and Mirpur of Dhaka in Bangladesh. This study was based on primary data. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interview method in the month of mid-September to mid-October 2019. Data were collected from 20 vendors (selected conveniently) and 60 consumers (selected purposively) of homemade pickles. Descriptive statistics (mainly mean, percentage) was used to analyze the data. Value additions of homemade pickles were calculated by deducting the cost of production from the selling price of pickle which can be found from the value addition tables. The study found that the vendor’s added value of Tk. 330.44 (3.49) to one kg tamarind, Tk.340.01 (5.07)to one kg elephant apple by processing to make pickle if it is ignored the value addition of other ingredients. In percentage term, it was 182.67 to 448.90 according to pickles. So, this is a productive activity creating form utility for the consumers that can contribute to the economy of Bangladesh