China Europe International Business School
China Europe International Business SchoolNot a member yet
40292 research outputs found
Sort by
Aversion to Publicly Sharing Quantified Diversity Goals in Organizational Communications (SJDM 2024)
No full textProject Alpha
No full textInvestigating the integration of sound energy, cosmic forces, and Tridosha Siddhanta in plants, alongside the fusion of ancient agricultural practices with modern sustainable solutions. This research explores how birdsong, particularly in forest ecosystems, serves as a natural fertilizer, promoting plant growth and enhancing biodiversity. The study aims to connect spiritual elements with practical, eco-friendly farming methods to improve soil health, plant vitality, and overall ecological balance in contemporary agricultur
SERVIÇO DE ORIENTAÇÃO FARMACÊUTICAS NA ALTA HOSPITALAR DE PACIENTES PSIQUIÁTRICOS
No full textObjetivo: Mapear o atual estado da arte sobre de seriços de orientações farmacêuticas na alta hospitalar para pacientes psiquiátricos. Metolodologia: Revisão de escopo guiada pelo acrônimo PCC em que: Participantes: Pacientes psiquiátricos em alta hospitalar / Usuários do SUS. Concieto: Orientações na alta hospitalar. Contexto: Assistência Farmacêutica. Para atender a estrutura de diretrizes estabelecidas pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI)
Scoping Review on Antivenom Dosage for the Treatment of Scorpionism Caused by Tityus Species in Brazil
No full textThis scoping review aims to map and synthesize the available literature on antivenom dosage for the treatment of scorpion envenomation (scorpionism) caused by medically significant Tityus species in Brazil. The review focuses on identifying recommendations for the optimal dosing of antivenoms, specifically the antiscorpionic and antiaracnidic antivenoms, in various clinical scenarios. This includes considerations such as patient characteristics, envenomation severity, timing of antivenom administration, and post-administration monitoring. The review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of current practices and identify gaps in knowledge related to antivenom use for scorpionism
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms predict increased fronto-parahippocampal synchronisation during thought suppression.
No full textBackground: Thought suppression is suggested as a causal factor in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), as it can lead to an increase in intrusive thoughts. However, the neural mechanisms through which obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) influence thought suppression, particularly in the context of preferential processing of negatively valenced stimuli, remains unclear. We hypothesized that OCS would predict increased inhibitory communication between frontal and parahippocampal neurocircuitry during the suppression of negative words. Additionally, we tested an exploratory analysis to see whether this was mediated by preferential processing of these stimuli.
Methods: EEG was recorded from 47 participants tasked with directed forgetting of negative and neutral words. Data from 38 of these participants were analyzed. We examined the influence of OCS on fronto-parahippocampal beta-1 (13-18 Hz) synchronization during a Directed Forgetting task. An exploratory analysis of the mediating role of stimulus processing bias, measured via the late positive potential (LPP) following the word stimulus, was assessed using a mediated moderation model.
Results: OCS predicted enhanced fronto-parahippocampal beta-1 synchronisation when instructed to forget negative words. The moderating effect of valence was mediated by preferential processing of negative stimuli, as indicated by increased LPP.
Conclusions: Healthy individuals with relatively high OCS exhibit compensatory connectivity between frontal and parahippocampal regions when attempting to suppress negative emotional stimuli. Exploratory analysis showed this compensatory activity is influenced by both preferential processing of negative stimuli and the severity of OCS, providing preliminary evidence of a neural mechanism that may contribute to the persistence of intrusive thoughts in OCD
Insensitivity to how our actions affect others drives inflated self-evaluations during interactions which involve both shared and conflicting goals.
No full textReceiving affirmation, whether from ourselves or others, is crucial for interpersonal relationships and goes awry in mental disorders. Meaningful evaluations emerge during interactions, where people can support or let each other down. However, such dynamics are difficult to understand comprehensively without quantitative theory and modeling. Here, we implemented an interactive decision-making game wherein two real-life participants evaluated, i.e. graded their approval, for themselves and their play partner. Young adult participants interacted in a multi-level version of the iterated prisoner’s dilemma. Crucially, each participant did not interact with the other directly, but instructed an avatar to do so on their behalf. This allowed increased experimental control while preserving considerable ecological validity. We tested computational models of participants’ evaluations of self and other, based on their beliefs about the quality of their decisions. However such models were less successful than a novel class of models, where self- and other- evaluations depended directly on the combination of self- and other- outcomes. The winning models suggested that for a given participant, evaluation of the self is proportional to how much one’s partner benefits, and vice versa. We found marked self-positivity bias, especially in dyads where neither partner cooperated. This was consistent with attributional theory, negatively evaluating others rather than the self for adverse outcomes. Between participants, self-positivity bias was explained by a reduced weight of one’s partner’s benefits for self-evaluation, hinting that the negative outcome subject to external attribution was the partner’s, rather than one’s own, poor returns. Preliminary analysis also suggested that a reduced sensitivity to others’ outcomes was associated, in this context when participants may have both cooperative and competitive motives, with reduced earnings for the self. The proposed computational model provides a concise and novel account of self-serving bias in evaluations, clearly observed during interactions
More gist, better math: Fuzzy trace theory-based investigation of the relationship between long-term memory and mathematical skills
No full textDespite extensive research on the cognitive basis for mathematical activity, the associations between long-term memory and math skills remain relatively understudied. In our fuzzy-trace theory-driven study, we addressed this issue by investigating the relationships between long-term memory for numbers and prominent math skills, namely approximate number processing, arithmetic fluency, and math reasoning, along with math self-concept. Individuals who performed better in the numerical memory task demonstrated better math reasoning, a higher math self-concept, and were more arithmetically fluent. We did not find an association between memory and approximate number processing. Crucially, our memory task, based on the conjoint recognition model, allowed us to go beyond merely measuring overall performance and, as a result, to test fine-grained memory processes related to two memory traces: verbatim (remembering exact numbers) and gist (remembering a general intuition about a number’s magnitude). While both gist and verbatim processes correlated with math reasoning, the associations involving gist-based processes were more prominent, which is consistent with one of the main assumptions of fuzzy-trace theory. This pattern was further supported by the results of the cluster-based analysis. On the other hand, even though math self-concept was positively associated with overall numerical memory performance, it correlated significantly only with verbatim-based process. Overall, our study shows the nuanced role of long-term memory processes in mathematical skills and demonstrates the power of fuzzy-trace theory and multinomial processing tree modeling in the fine-grained investigation of mathematical cognition
The privileged role of thematic conceptual relations in episodic memory
No full textPrior knowledge has long been known to influence retention of newly learned information. In particular, known semantic associations across items facilitate subsequent retrieval for these items. However, whether distinct forms of semantic relations vary in the influence they exert on memory remains unclear. We took inspiration from the field of concepts and categories and compared two major types of semantic relations: taxonomic (e.g., dog-bird) and thematic (e.g., dog-leash) relations. In Experiment 1, we show that cued recall for word pairs with thematic relations was faster and more accurate, followed by pairs with taxonomic relations and finally unrelated pairs. Based on Experiment 1’s findings, we hypothesized that thematically related words are more quickly and more accurately retrieved because they are more accessible in one’s semantic memory. To test this prediction, we designed a second experiment where participants encoded word pairs of the same relations as in Experiment 1 and completed a forced-choice associative memory test with options sharing different semantic relations to the cue. In addition to corroborating the findings of Experiment 1, Experiment 2 demonstrated that participants were more prone to incorrectly guessing a thematic alternative. We conclude that thematic relations outperform taxonomic relations in driving memory performance and speculate that this may result from the privileged role of thematic relations in organizing episodic memory
Redefining Maternal Anemia in Pregnancy and Postpartum (ReMAPP)
No full textRedefining Maternal Anemia in Pregnancy and Postpartum (ReMAPP) is a multisite, prospective, open cohort study nested within the ongoing PRISMA Maternal and Newborn Health study
EZ: An easy way to conduct a more fine-grained analysis of faked and nonfaked Implicit Association Test (IAT) data. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology
No full textAlthough faking on the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a relevant problem, it has not yet been considered for the traditional IAT effect (D measure). Research has suggested that diffusion-model-based IAT effects may be useful as IATv is related to the construct-related variance and IATa and IATt0 have both been assumed to provide indications of faking. Recent research used fast-dm to reanalyze nonfaked and faked IAT data under various faking conditions (faking low vs. faking high scores in a naïve vs. informed manner). The results showed that faking affected IATv. However, there was an impact on IATa when people knew how to fake and had to fake low scores. Thus, diffusion model analyses deliver additional information, but they are also very complex to perform. The diffusion tool EZ is easy to handle and very powerful, but researchers do not yet know whether IATv, IATa, and IATt0 deliver similar information about the components in IAT results when they are obtained with EZ. Thus, we used EZ to reanalyze the data set described above. The results from fast-dm and EZ were comparable, but EZ had somewhat higher statistical power. IATv was impacted by faking, thus replicating the finding that diffusion model analyses cannot yet be used to completely separate construct- and faking-specific variance from each other. However, replicating and extending the findings that were obtained with fast-dm, informed faking had an impact on IATa and IATt0, which might both serve as indicators of faking. Thus, our results indicate that EZ as well as fast-dm is a powerful tool that can help researchers to interpret IAT results