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    Factors that influence child conveyance decisions made by prehospital clinicians

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    Abstract Introduction: The decision to convey children to emergency departments is complex. This study aimed to identify barriers and enablers to making appropriate decisions, along with areas of disparity in this decision-making process by ambulance clinicians. Methods: A rapid evidence review was conducted. MEDLINE, CINAHL and PubMed were searched from 2012 to July 2023. Critical appraisal and thematic synthesis were performed. Results: Three studies were identified, which highlights the lack of research in this area. Five themes were identified: provision of care; equipment and protocols; exposure, experience and confidence; emotional and social circumstances; and education or skill set. Findings: Enhanced paediatric education is required before and after registration to ensure appropriate conveyance and address clinicians' lack of exposure, experience and confidence. Protocols and guidelines should be drawn up to support decision-making for lower-acuity child patients. Specialist paediatric roles are required in ambulance services to support clinicians and provide advanced patient-centred care. Conclusions: The findings of this review provide a basis for discussion and clinical practice improvement. Research to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of implementing prehospital specialist paediatric roles is required. Abstract published with permissio

    Prehospital treatment of autonomic dysreflexia

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    Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially life-threatening condition that can affect people with established spinal cord injuries above the level of T6. If left untreated, it can lead to uncontrolled hypertension causing stroke, seizures, pulmonary oedema and death. In Ireland and the UK, there are approximately 60 000 people living with spinal cord injuries who are at risk of developing autonomic dysreflexia. Despite this, there are no prehospital guidelines on treating the condition to date. This educational article aims to address this gap in knowledge and offer potential treatment options for paramedics and ambulance clinicians, which can be effectively applied to this cohort of patients in the future. Abstract published with permission

    Time for reflection

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    In April, I began my career with Northern Ireland Ambulance Service (NIAS) alongside five other newly qualified paramedics (NQPs), who each are at varying stages of their NQP programme—I am right at the start of mine. The NQP framework is relatively new to Northern Ireland, mainly driven by the recent establishment of an undergraduate paramedic degree at Ulster University. It is fair to say that I felt like a guinea pig and I was worried about how this ‘trial and error’ would affect my progression as an NQP. Abstract published with permission

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