20005 research outputs found
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Effektives Nudging in der Produktentwicklung - Workshopkonzept zur Steigerung der Innovationsfähigkeit
No full textThis study presents a training concept that enables product development teams to apply the behavioural science concept of ‘nudging’ in their processes in a targeted manner. The focus is on imparting knowledge and practical skills in order to optimize decision-making architectures and increase the innovative capacity of teams. The workshop combines theoretical principles with interactive exercises, supported by creative elements such as a specially developed nudging card game. The results show that the participants developed a sound understanding of nudging and were able to successfully put the techniques they learnt into practice. The concept contributes to improved decision-making processes, more efficient collaboration and a motivating working atmosphere, thus offering a valuable approach to further training in product development
Energy-aligned wake-up scattering for batteryless devices
No full textBatteryless systems promise a revolution in the Internet of Things (IoT) by eliminating the need for batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs and environmental impact. However, these systems face significant challenges in energy management, which become even more complex when devices are required to collaborate with one another. In this demo, we showcase ScAlg, a decentralized algorithm that leverages wake-up receivers to scatter wake-up times within a fully connected network of batteryless devices. This approach improves operational continuity and reliability under strict energy constraints. Our hardware setup demonstrates how batteryless nodes utilize wakeup receivers to coordinate their wake-up schedules based on energy availability dynamically, enabling sustained operation and collision-free communication
Impact of osteotomy angle on bone failure risk in a modified pull-through approach: a finite element analysis
No full textBackground: A modified pull-through approach represents a promising treatment strategy to access tumors in the posterior oral cavity. The design of the wedge osteotomy plays a key role in preserving postoperative mechanical stability while enabling surgical access. However, the optimal osteotomy design to reduce fracture risk remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to test osteotomy wedge designs that have the potential to lower the bone fracture risk. Methods: Four wedge osteotomy configurations were compared using finite element analysis based on a realistic mandible model. Each design differed in the angles and curvature of the osteotomy planes. Unilateral molar clenching was simulated, and mechanical strains were quantified and compared to the yield strain of cortical bone in the canine region to evaluate the risk of bone failure. Results: The finite element analysis showed that a wedge osteotomy with less acute angles in the canine region has a lower fracture risk when compared to osteotomies with sharp angles. Peak bone strain values could be reduced by half by changing the osteotomy angle at the canine region. Conclusions: A larger angle between the osteotomy cutting planes offers mechanical advantages by reducing strain concentrations in critical regions. These findings provide valuable guidance for refining the current surgical technique and support the integration of biomechanical analyses into osteotomy planning to optimize surgical outcomes.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG
Pulse-self-steepening via optical push broom
No full textWe demonstrate, through numerical simulations, an on-chip time lens and pulse self-steepening effect based on the optical push broom mechanism. A fast Kerr-induced refractive index front, generated within an optical waveguide, collects, traps, and concentrates the energy of a signal pulse propagating with a smaller group velocity, tuned near the bandgap of the periodically modulated waveguide. The high energy of the initial low-peak-power signal pulse accumulates within the front. This concentrated energy itself modifies the front and further steepens the leading edge of the signal pulse. The demonstrated effect can be utilized to compress signals in time and generate highly steep refractive index fronts
Forum im Rahmen der Sektionstagung BWP 2025
No full textDie Integration von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in Bildungsprozesse stellt neue Kompetenzanforderungen an Lehrende und Lernende und bietet zugleich eine konkrete Chance für die Weiterentwicklung der Lehrkräftebildung (vgl. u. a. Alles et al. 2025; KMK 2024, 2021; Hochschulforum Digitalisierung 2023; SWK 2023). Das thematische Forum zielt darauf ab, den aktuellen Diskussionsstand zu dem Rahmenthema und offene Forschungsbedarfe sichtbar zu machen.
Die folgenden Leitfragen fungieren als verbindendes Element der Impulsvorträge sowie der anschließenden Diskussion:
- Welche neuen Herausforderungen stellen sich für die berufliche Lehrkräftebildung in Bezug auf die KI-bezogene Kompetenzentwicklung?
- Wie werden KI-gestützte Anwendungen von Lehrkräften im berufsbildenden Unterricht einbezogen?
- Welche Kompetenzen sind dafür erforderlich und wie werden diese gefördert
On the scaling of strength of flat and mushroom-shaped ends of microstructured adhesives
No full textConsiderable research has been conducted on shape of pillar ends for optimal adhesion. In experiments with elastomers, it has been found that mushrooms-ended ones are superior to flat-ended ones, but early experiments have suggested an extremely strong scaling in strength with pillar radius (del Campo et al. Langmuir 23:10235–10243, 2007). We discuss various theories and experimental results on scaling of strength, and in particular, we elaborate recent experiments on single pillars with mushroom ends finding that the scaling on strength is much less surprising. When the ratio of tip to shaft radii increases toward an optimal value, the mode of failure changes from edge to center defects, and the scaling of strength changes from that associated with the presence of the classical linear elastic fracture mechanics stress singularity at the corner of the flat-ended punches caused by large friction at the interface, with that caused by the population of defects immersed on a nearly uniform stress field in the mushroom center. Strong scaling of strength therefore is also accompanied with large scatter of strength
A qLMPC framework for path-following control of fixed-wing UAVs
No full textThis thesis presents a novel predictive path-following control scheme for fixed-wing UAVs, addressing limitations in the existing literature. While geometric methods struggle with variable winds and predictive strategies tend to be computationally intensive, the qLPV approach proposed here strikes a balance—accurately capturing the system dynamics while maintaining computational efficiency through the use of Quadratic Programs (QPs). The practicability of the approach is demonstrated by applying it to a high-fidelity model of the ULTRA-Extra UAV. Constructing qLPV representations is not unique; in this work, velocity-based linearization is employed, which is known to be well-suited for controller design. It is also compatible with offset-free Model Predictive Control (MPC) and enables efficient disturbance rejection. The proposed framework is further extended to obstacle avoidance by representing obstacles as qLPV constraints.In dieser Arbeit wird ein neuartiger prädiktiver Pfadfolgeregler für Starrflügler-UAVs vorgestellt, der Einschränkungen in der bestehenden Literatur überwindet. Während geometrische Methoden mit variablen Windstärken zu kämpfen haben und prädiktive Strategien rechenintensiv sind, bietet der hier vorgestellte Ansatz sowohl eine präzise Darstellung der nichtlinearen Dynamik als qLPV-Modell als auch eine effiziente Implementierung einer auf quadratischer Programmierung basierenden Regelung. Dieser Ansatz wurde auf ein realitätsgetreues Modell des ULTRA-Extra-UAVs angewendet. Die Konstruktion von qLPV-Darstellungen ist nicht eindeutig, aber die geschwindigkeitsbasierte Linearisierung ist bekannt für ihre guten Eigenschaften im Hinblick auf den Reglerentwurf. Sie ist auch mit der offset-freien prädiktiven Regelung kompatibel und kann Störungen effizient ausregeln. Das vorgeschlagene Framework wurde zudem auf die Hindernisvermeidung ausgeweitet, wobei die Herausforderungen der Linearisierung und der kontinuierlichen Aktualisierung berücksichtigt wurden. Simulationsstudien in zwei Szenarien bestätigen die Effektivität bei der Bahnverfolgung und Hindernisvermeidung
Fatigue behavior of thermal cut edges in normal- and high-strength steel: effect of defined post-processing treatment
No full textWithin ships or maritime structures, plate edges are an important detail for the strength and fatigue assessment. Large openings such as hatches on container vessels or windows on cruise ships lead to a stress concentration, which has to be considered for strength calculation. These openings within steel plates are generally manufactured by thermal cutting processes. The recommendations regarding fatigue design by the IIW and classification societies for the structural behavior of these details are limited to general design categories using the nominal stress approach. In addition, no strict differences in cutting technologies and edge treatments such as grinding are taken into account. The aim of this investigation is to present the potential of a defined edge treatment for thermal cut edges on the fatigue performance. Therefore, fatigue tests with constant amplitudes were carried out and the specimens are characterized by identifying important properties such as roughness and hardness. This paper describes the fatigue behavior of thermal cut edges made of structural steel plates with different thicknesses from 5 to 25 mm including steel grades from S235 up to S690. All specimens were manufactured in an acceptable and comparable quality range according to ISO 9013, quality level 2, and have been treated with a defined chamfer to compare the influences of cutting processes and yield levels. Previous studies already indicated a beneficial effect regarding fatigue strength of thermal cut edges using higher strength steels, but the results were not clearly in line to describe the behavior sufficiently. This study demonstrates and confirms that material effects and a targeted post-treatment have a beneficial impact on the fatigue behavior of thermal cut edges. A continuous increase in the achieved stress ranges was observed with increasing steel strength. Based on the observations made, an approach for predicting the achievable fatigue strength is presented, taking surface roughness and material strength into account
Quantum-inspired framework for computational fluid dynamics
No full textAbstract Computational fluid dynamics is both a thriving research field and a key tool for advanced industry applications. However, the simulation of turbulent flows in complex geometries is a compute-power intensive task due to the vast vector dimensions required by discretized meshes. We present a complete and self-consistent full-stack method to solve incompressible fluids with memory and run time scaling logarithmically in the mesh size. Our framework is based on matrix-product states, a compressed representation of quantum states. It is complete in that it solves for flows around immersed objects of arbitrary geometries, with non-trivial boundary conditions, and self-consistent in that it can retrieve the solution directly from the compressed encoding, i.e. without passing through the expensive dense-vector representation. This framework lays the foundation for a generation of more efficient solvers of real-life fluid problems
Parameter-based generator for ice floe fields
No full textWith decreasing ice thickness and ice extension in summer, shipping in and close to ice-covered areas and the marginal ice zone are of raising interest. To determine the exact forces due to the icebreaking and to enable a more precise and less over dimensioned design of ice-going vessels, models can be a helpful tool. To use these models to simulate the icebreaking process, the ice has to be modelled as well. This work presents a new randomized approach for the generation of ice floe fields based on common simple ice observation parameters and reflecting the real ice floe arrangement: The ice floe field is modified by constrained optimization after the ice floes are placed randomly. The generated ice floe fields are evaluated for different parameter sets, to determine the influence and sensitivity of the different ice observation parameters. The filling of the parameter space depending on the number of generated floe fields per parameter set is estimated. Furthermore, suggestions on how to use these floe fields are given