14234 research outputs found
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Assessing the Effect of Analytic Priming on Religious Beliefs using The Debiasing Training Task
No full textSocial Contingency Research with a Digital Child
No full textSupporting materials for the introduction and demonstration of a digital child as a research tool for developmental psychology research.
In the clip 'Caregiver_interactions_with_digital_child' 6 participants interact with the digital child.
In the clip 'Digital_child_experimental_settings_example' you can see how an experimenter controls multiple features of the digital child's appearance, emotion expression and environment.
In the clip 'Digital_child_telling_story' the simulation tells a one minute long story while changing its emotional facial expressions.
The paradigm has received ethics approval from The University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee (UAHPEC26488) and participants have given permission for these clips to be shared in publications
Exploring The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Second Language Writing Anxiety Among Saudi EFL Students: A Correlational Study
No full textStudents face many difficulties in writing in a second language. Writing anxiety is considered one of the factors that affect students’ writing proficiency. The current study focused on exploring the relationship between writing anxiety and students’ self-efficacy. This study investigated the relationship between writing anxiety and self-efficacy among preparatory-year students at Majmaah University. The study followed a quantitative research design where data were collected through two questionnaires: Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI) by Cheng (2004b) and Erkan and Saban’s self-efficacy scale (2011) 99 EFL Preparatory Year students participated in this study. Participants were provided with the questionnaire at the end of the first semester of 2023, and they were randomly selected. The findings of the study showed that the level of self-efficacy among preparatory-year students was moderate, while the level of writing anxiety among students was moderate. Correlation analysis revealed that there’s a moderate negative relationship between writing anxiety and self-efficacy
Investigation of the Use of Computer-aided Translation (CAT) Tools in Freelancing Practice in Saudi Arabia
No full textTo cope with large information content in today’s multilingual Saudi Arabia, translation services are essential. Like any other industry, translation practice was heavily affected by technological advances. Professionals in the translation field use technology like Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools to complete their translation tasks. Freelance translators are not exempt from this. This study examines the utilization of CAT tools in the freelance industry in Saudi Arabia. Fulford and Granell-Zafra (2005) have proposed a model that incorporates both information and Communication Technology (ICTs)and CAT tools, facilitating a diverse array of activities such as document creation, information search and retrieval, communication, business management, marketing, procurement, and translation. While CAT tools support document creation, business management, and translation, ICT tools are responsible for the remaining activates . This research aims to thoroughly analyze the characteristics of Saudi freelance translators who use CAT tools, evaluate their usage of CAT tools, and acquire valuable insights into their overall attitudes towards CAT tool. The data was gathered using the survey method and distributed among 98 Saudi freelance translators. The data was analyzed using SPSS descriptive analysis and frequency tables showing percentages of each respondent. The results show that Saudi freelance translators employed general-purpose software like MS Word and MS PowerPoint, whereas less interest was given to special-purpose software which represent CAT tools . The vast majority of the participants agreed on the positive effect of CAT tools. Finally,it may be beneficial to conduct further research to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic
Maladaptive decision making in older adults: Confirmation bias and financial exploitation
No full textFinancial exploitation of older adults has become an increasingly urgent public health issue, with annual losses exceeding $10 billion in the US annually. This exploitation often stems from age-related cognitive deficits, such as impairments in working memory and cognitive flexibility, which are linked to deterioration of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). A critical yet understudied component of age-related cognitive decline is confirmation bias—the tendency to interpret new information in a way that conforms to one’s pre-existing beliefs. As older adults focus more on present-oriented goals related to social and emotional satisfaction, their ability to recognize and respond to exploitative situations may decrease. This problem worsens with the progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders, increasing vulnerability to fraud. Despite these links, little is known about how confirmation bias is associated with future cognitive decline and risk for fraud. Two main challenges impede progress: the lack of knowledge about the latent processes that shape confirmation bias in this population, and the reliance on correlations between brain responses and behavior that do not clarify causal mechanisms. To address these issues, this chapter provides an overview of confirmation bias and its connection to aging. It then addresses adverse effects of confirmation bias before highlighting strengths of noninvasive brain stimulation as a method of investigating these relationships further
Adaptation to paternal leave policies in Finnish municipalities: changing gender norms and cross-border policy legacies
No full textCountries where public opinion tends to favour gender equality tend to invest in
policies supporting the dual-earner family model or the earner–carer family model,
while countries where public opinion is more inclined to support conservative gender
norms tend to have policies supporting the male breadwinner family model.
However, whilst gender equality norms may be endorsed by the majority of the
population, conservative norms could still be largely supported at the sub-national
level, potentially leading to lower responses to policy reforms intending to boost
gender-equal practices.
This study examines shifting norms in fathers’ parental leave uptake in Finnish
municipalities in the 2010s, around the first reform that gave fathers an independent
right to a 6-week quota of “solo” parental leave. We applied a Bayesian spatiotemporal
model on administrative data from Finnish municipalities and approximated
local norms based on voting data. Furthermore, we used the proportion
of Swedish-speaking residents as a proxy for cross-border policy influences from
the neighbouring country Sweden, where paternal leave-taking has been practiced
longer.
Local support to de-familialising policies was found to predict higher leavetaking,
but only under a less supportive policy configuration. The proportion of
Swedish-speaking residents was found to be increasingly important for predicting
paternal leave-taking. We interpret this as a sign of cross-border influences from
Sweden. Interestingly, uptake increased the fastest in a more conservative region,
probably due to its strong linguistic and cultural links to Sweden. Furthermore, we
observed spatial dependencies between neighbouring municipalities, which supports
our spillover hypothesis; that interactions among families nearby lead them to adopt
new practices
Shiny-AIS: A Shiny R application to compute adverse impact
No full textThis R Shiny application provides a suite of functions to assess adverse impacts on employee selection and hiring procedures. Adverse impact occurs when a selection procedure disproportionately excludes members of a protected class, such as race or gender. The application includes functions to compute statistical tests, such as the Z-test and LMP test, as well as practical measures, like the h-statistic, Phi-coefficient, and adjusted shortfall. By offering a comprehensive set of tools, this package helps organizations evaluate their selection procedures and make data-driven decisions to minimize adverse impact and promote fairness in the hiring process.e impac
Nursing Interventions Promoting Mental Health in Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review
No full textThe research in question explores the influence of primary health care nurses on people’s mental health through a comprehensive review of the literature. The review addresses various aspects, from the effectiveness of interventions led by these professionals to their crucial role in the early identification of mental health issues among users. The analysis seeks to understand the most effective practices adopted by nurses and the challenges they face, offering valuable insights for the development of more effective and integrated strategies to promote mental healt
Physiological Predictors of Operator Performance: The Role of Mental Effort and its Link to Task Performance
No full textSupplementary material to Pütz, S., Mertens, A., Chuang, L. L., & Nitsch, V. (2024). Physiological Predictors of Operator Performance: The Role of Mental Effort and Its Link to Task Performance. Human Factors, 00187208241296830. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720824129683