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Replication data for "Do Ecological Valid Stop Signals Aid Detour Performance? A Comparison of Four Bird Species."
No full textIdeological Differences in the Influences of Candidate Competence and Warmth on Voting Preferences: The Roles of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation
No full textDecades of research have recognised a political candidate’s competence and warmth as predictors of voters’ preferences, but to whom these distinct personalities are most appealing remains unclear. In the current research, we aim to investigate how voters’ Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) might influence their preferences for highly competent/warm political candidates. In two studies, we manipulate candidate competence (Study 1) and warmth (Study 2) and measure voters’ preferences using the overall evaluation, feeling thermometer and likelihood-of-voting ratings. Overall, we predict a high competence of the candidate to enhance voting preferences particularly amongst voters high in RWA and SDO whereas a high candidate warmth to play such a role particularly amongst voters low in RWA and SDO. We consider these influences to be mediated by the candidate’s perceived ability to clean up danger, perceived ability to win competitions, and perceived caring about people
Qualia structures collapse for geometric shapes, but not faces, when spatial attention is withdrawn
No full textThe effects of top-down attention on perception have been intensively studied using binary categorization tasks (e.g., seen vs. unseen). However, such tasks poorly characterise the quality of experience, or qualia, for short. To characterise attentional effects on qualia, we combined a dual-task attention paradigm with similarity rating tasks to examine whether relational structures of qualia are altered by top-down attentional amplification. Under the same physical input, withdrawing attention collapsed the structures of qualia of letters (N=14) and red/green bisected disks (N=14), but not of faces (N=13), as quantified via a novel unsupervised optimal transport alignment technique. Alignment accuracy was high for face qualia structures obtained under the fully versus poorly attended conditions but not for the letters and disks. Our novel approach that combines similarity ratings, quantitative alignment and attentional perturbation is a powerful new approach to elucidate the structural properties of consciousness
Gameful Design of Speech, Fine, and Gross Motor Symptom Management in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Scoping Review
No full textScoping review protocol & data extraction spreadshee
How to Make a Functionalist Argument
No full textSociologists have an awkward relationship with functionalist explanations. Despite having declared “functionalism” to be obsolete, some form of functionalist argument remains cryptically present in much substantive research. We argue that the inability to talk plainly about functions is a major hindrance for theory building in the discipline. As such, this paper has two goals. The first is disambiguation. What does it mean to attribute a function to something? We answer this question by elaborating on the distinction between proper functions (responding to why-is-it-there questions) and role functions (responding to how-does-it-work questions). The second is to introduce a typology of functional arguments that builds upon this distinction, allowing us to recast “functionalism” as a set of general explanatory strategies and not as a substantive theory about society. Importantly, these strategies are not burdened by the problems of the organicist framework many sociologists have in mind when they disregard functionalist explanations
Validation of the Digital Flourishing Scale for Spanish adolescents
No full textAdolescents are immersed in digital communication, which can benefit or harm their well-being. Digital flourishing captures positive perceptions of this communication—connectedness, authentic self-presentation, positive social comparison, civil participation, and self-control—and how they foster well-being. In Spain there is still no validated instrument for adolescents.
We adapted and validated the Digital Flourishing Scale for Adolescents (DFSA) for Spanish adolescents. Study 1 involved a pilot survey (n = 13) and cognitive interviews (n = 10) to improve clarity and cultural relevance. Study 2 used a cross-sectional survey (n = 1,786) to examine the DFSA’s latent structure, measurement invariance by gender and age, internal reliability of scores, and validity evidence based on relationships to other variables. Study 3 assessed test-retest reliability of scores and longitudinal measurement invariance over six weeks (n = 289).
Study 1 improved item clarity and cultural relevance through linguistic adjustments. Study 2 confirmed a five-factor model, showing strict age invariance and metric gender invariance. All subscales correlated with well-being indicators. Study 3 showed poor to moderate temporal stability of scores but supported scalar longitudinal invariance.
The Spanish DFSA is a promising tool for assessing adolescents’ digital flourishing in the Spanish context
The Neural Link Between Stimulus Duration and Spatial Location in the Human Visual Hierarchy
No full textData and codes supporting the findings presented in "The Neural Link Between Stimulus Duration and Spatial Location in the Human Visual Hierarchy" available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-54336-