14234 research outputs found
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The Skilled Student: Linking Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Skills to Engagement and Student Outcomes in Secondary School Students
No full textSocial, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) skills are malleable competencies that can be developed through life experiences. The recent SEB skills framework (Soto et al., 2021) identifies five skills domains (self-management, innovation, social engagement, cooperation, and emotional resilience) associated with students’ achievement and well-being. However, the mechanisms by which SEB skills support students at school remain unclear. In the present research, we integrate research on SEB skills and student engagement, hypothesizing that SEB skills can be considered as individual antecedents of student engagement, a multidimensional construct encompassing four dimensions (affective, behavioral, cognitive, and agentic). A sample of 1642 high school students (Mage = 15.68; SDage = 1.47; 913 girls) completed measures assessing SEB skills, student engagement, and student outcomes (achievement, school satisfaction, life satisfaction, and school burnout). The results of a path analysis confirmed that self-management and social engagement skills domains are significantly associated with student outcomes, through the mediation of global student engagement. Further specific patterns of associations between the five SEB skills domains and the four dimensions of student engagement were also found. Our study emphasizes the value of integrating research on individual factors associated with student success and well-being into broader theoretical frameworks. This approach can enhance our understanding of how to support students throughout their educational journey
Prioritizing feature bindings across space and modality in working memory
No full textA growing body of evidence shows that selective attention can be strategically directed to prioritize items of higher ‘value’ in working memory. This work has typically been limited to tests of feature binding using simple ‘unitized’ colored shapes as memoranda. The current study explored whether value-directed prioritization can be effectively applied when feature pairings of color and shape are separated out, either into different spatial locations (Experiment 1) or across visual and auditory presentation modalities (Experiments 2a and 2b). Experiment 1 found an overall cost to working memory performance when features were spatially separated, relative to a unitized condition, while Experiments 2a and 2b found no such cost for cross-modal feature separation. Across these experiments, there was no evidence for interaction between binding condition and prioritization; participants were equally able to derive performance benefits from prioritizing high value items in the sequence, regardless of whether features were encountered as part of the same unitized object or separated in space or modality. The findings have implications for the relationship between working memory and attention, and suggest that value-directed prioritization can be effectively applied across different types of material
Métodos quantitativos de pesquisa
No full textMateriais de suporte para a disciplina Métodos Quantitativos de Pesquisa do Núcleo de Pós-graduação em Administração da Escola de Administração da UFBA
Adult lifespan effects on functional specialization along the hippocampal long axis
No full textThere has been increasing attention to differences in function along the hippocampal long axis, with the posterior hippocampus proposed to be well suited to representing fine-grained details and the anterior hippocampus having coarser representations. Whether long axis functional specialization persists into older age is not well understood, despite known age-related declines in the level of detail in memories. In this study, we used a large database of resting state fMRI data (n =322 humans of both sexes included) from across the adult lifespan (ages 18-88) to determine the degree of functional differentiation across the hippocampal posterior-anterior axis. Our first approach was to measure the similarity among signals within hippocampal subregions. We found that signals within the most posterior hippocampal subregion became more similar to one another in older age, but this effect did not relate to memory performance. As a second approach, we measured functional connectivity between hippocampal subregions and the rest of the brain. The functional connectivity profiles of the posterior and anterior hippocampal subregions became more distinct from one another with increasing age, driven by relative stability in anterior hippocampal functional connectivity but more significant age-related differences in posterior subregions of the hippocampus. Stronger connectivity between the anterior hippocampus and several cortical regions was associated with better memory performance in older adults, suggesting that maintenance of anterior hippocampal connectivity may help preserve episodic memory among high performing older adults
Qualitative Sampling Strategies in patient experience research
No full textResearch question: What are the key qualitative sampling strategies employed in patient experience research within the fields of psychology, social work, and special education, and how do these strategies impact the rigour and applicability of research outcomes
Comparison of Teleportation and Walking in Virtual Reality in a Declarative Learning Task
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