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SAGE Framework and Flourishing Across 22 Countries
No full textGovernments worldwide are increasingly interested in incorporating measures of well-being in national surveys to assess societal progress and inform policy making. We aim to provide descriptive statistics concerning the relationships between an individual flourishing assessment and broader societal level assessments of: Solidarity, Agency, Gain in economics terms, and the Environment (SAGE). A 12-item index to assess composite individual flourishing is employed, which assesses six domains of well-being including happiness and life satisfaction, mental and physical health, meaning and purpose, character and virtue, social connectedness, and financial security. A measure of each component of SAGE is constructed from the Gallup World Poll. We will examine how the domains of the flourishing index are related to the components of SAGE in the 22 countries of the Global Flourishing Study
Arbejdslivssignaler og uddannelsesvalg: Hvordan arbejdsmarkedskonflikter påvirker søgning til videregående uddannelser
No full textStudiet undersøger effekten af arbejdsmarkedskonflikter på ansøgninger til uddannelser
Effect of healthy brands on expected taste perception of food
No full textIn the packaging of any kind of food, the product brand is presented to consumers as the most direct and obvious information. The brand attached to the food packaging will convey a cognitive signal to consumers about the core information behind the brand. So will healthy brands, like other healthy labels, affect expectations and preferences of consumers for food taste? In the influence of health brand, is there also a difference in the effect of real brand and test brand? In experiment 1, we showed the participants pictures of healthy and non-healthy brands of food with different calories, to explore the effect of healthy brand on expected taste perception of food . In experiment 2, by changing the instructions, we explored the effect of perceived diagnosticity of the brand name for healthy brands on expected taste perception of food
Using Peer Review to Evaluate the Societal Relevance of Humanities Research
No full textIn light of growing calls to demonstrate the societal value of academic work, this paper explores whether peer review is a reliable method to evaluate the societal relevance of humanities research. It also offers an estimate of how relevant published journal articles and books from five humanities fields are to society. By modeling two evaluation tasks involving many raters and documents, we estimate how various reviewer characteristics (such as their chauvinism and strictness) and document characteristics (such as their field and content) affect societal relevance ratings. We then compare the influence of both reviewer and document characteristics on these ratings and provide an estimate of the societal relevance of humanities research where the factors contributing to peer review unreliability are filtered out. Our results suggest that, even according to humanities scholars themselves, a substantial portion of published humanities research is not relevant to society at large. Furthermore, our results also suggest that when using peer review to decide whether a particular piece of research is societally relevant, the selection of reviewers plays a more significant role than the content of the research
Working Memory Prioritization Changes Bidirectional Interactions with Visual Inputs
No full textItems stored in visual working memory often differ in priority. Typically, observers will shift their
internal attention towards items that are relevant for impending behavior and away from those that
may become relevant later. These distinct states of priority are theorized to influence bidirectional
interactions between memoranda and new visual inputs by modulating their susceptibility to
retroactive and proactive report biases, respectively. However, prior research has produced limited
and conflicting evidence on this topic due to reliance on inconsistent retrodictive cues (retro-cues)
that incentivize memory prioritization. To address this, we used a double-serial retro-cue paradigm
that incentivized the complete prioritization of one of two unfamiliar shape memoranda for use in
a comparison with a perceptual probe before a second, independent cue instructed observers to
report one of their two memories (Experiments 1-2) or the perceptual probe itself (Experiment 2).
We found that observers reported robust retroactive and proactive biases, but that only retroactive
biases were modulated by prioritization. Reports of prioritized memories were more precise and
contained smaller attractive biases towards the probe than unprioritized memories, whereas probe
reports were biased comparably towards each. These findings reveal an asymmetrical effect of
prioritization on the reciprocal interactions between new and existing visual representations
Suggestion effects in psychedelics: Confounds and opportunities
No full textThe resurgence of interest in psychedelics has led to their widespread, and often uncritical, promotion within both popular media and scientific communities. This heightened enthusiasm complicates assessments of the neurocognitive effects of psychedelics as well as their efficacy as adjuncts to psychotherapy. A key challenge for this nascent field involves understanding how suggestion effects can both act as a confound in experimental research on psychedelics but also improve outcomes in therapeutic interventions. By critically examining how these effects operate within psychedelic experiences, we aim to draw greater attention to the role of suggestion effects as both a source of bias but also as a tool that can be leveraged to maximize therapeutic benefits. We argue for more careful consideration of the role of suggestion effects in response to psychedelics