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Comparing guidance on compensation of healthy volunteers in medical research: A global study
No full textThe HAPPY Brain Study
No full textThis study will longitudinally measure psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum, as related to neurovascular function, measured via fNIRS. The study will also examine maternal psychiatric symptoms and neurovascular functioning as predictors of infant behavior and functioning. Maternal and infant synchrony will be evaluated using hyperscanning
State Shyness
No full textoffer tools for future investigations into emotional responses to social evaluatio
Reintegrating Human Attitudes in the Acceptance of AI-Driven Technology in HR
No full textThis research delves into the intricate dynamics involved in adopting an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven Skill Management Software (SMS) in Human Resources (HR), with a focus on human-centered acceptance. It underscores the significance of user attitudes and illuminates the distinctions between active and passive use interaction
Beyond trait summaries: stereotypes as multimodal mental representations of groups across perceivers, situations, and intersecting categories
No full textStereotypes are often studied as trait summaries of groups. Yet in everyday life, people observe and represent others concretely through multiple modalities, including how others look, act, think, and feel, which are only partially captured by traits. In two pre-registered studies with U.S. representative samples (N = 1,721), we investigated multimodal stereotypes by letting participants freely describe spontaneous mental images of 9 groups across 6 situations and 30 intersections. We found both idiosyncratic perceptions and consistent cultural stereotypes. Multimodal stereotypes changed across contexts, but some elements were more rigid than others. Intersecting groups shaped multimodal stereotypes to different degrees; two exceptions were “Asian” and “unattractive”, which dominated the other intersecting groups. Across 30 intersectional groups, 27 supported the additive mechanism, and 3 showed interactive patterns. Together, these findings show that investigating stereotypes as multimodal representations is key to understanding how different elements of stereotypes change across perceivers, situations, and intersections
Distinguishing Personality Functioning, Normal-Range Traits, and Maladaptive Traits in Offenders
No full textExamining the Effects of Mood and Emotional Content in False Autobiographical Memories
No full textAlthough commonly regarded as reliable, human memory is susceptible to distortions caused by various influences, including false memories—the recollection of events or details that did not actually occur. Research over the past five decades has investigated the factors contributing to the formation of false memories. Among these factors, the emotional valence of events and individuals' mood states have been linked to false memories, though findings remain inconsistent and indicate the need for further study. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the interaction between emotional valence and mood in implanting false autobiographical memories. Previous research has differentiated among the DRM paradigm, the misinformation effect, and the implantation of autobiographical false memories, underscoring the complexities and methodological challenges in studying these phenomena. In this study, we will use the blind implantation technique, recently introduced by Otgaar et al. (2022), to examine whether the mood, emotional content, or their interactions affect the implantation of false autobiographical memories
Not what you were born with: people prioritize controllable cues when forming first impressions in naturalistic contexts
No full textFirst impressions are ubiquitous and consequential. Prior work identified a rich set of cues shaping impressions by studying one cue at a time (e.g., facial structure, body shape, hair color, environmental valence). Here we ask whether integrating rich cues simultaneously offers new insights into how people make snap judgments in naturalistic contexts. This poses a technical challenge—characterizing and manipulating rich cues in naturalistic stimuli. We tackled this challenge using novel computational methods. Across three large-scale, pre-registered studies across U.S. and Chinese representative participants (N = 3,734), we found that, with rich cues, people relied on only a small subset to make snap judgments. These cues were often controllable by the targets (e.g., action, clothing, rather than facial structure). We replicated these findings in both the U.S. and China, across seven judgments, and in novel stimuli that the models were not trained on. A general mechanism underlies these rich cues and impressions: people form impressions using cues that i) carried unique information beyond other cues, which makes these cues uniquely informative, or ii) shared information with other cues, which makes these cues reliably reinforcing judgments. By computationally manipulating one cue at a time in naturalistic images, we showed that changing just one of these controllable cues was sufficient to change others’ impressions in naturalistic contexts. Together, our findings advance the mechanism of snap judgments in the real world: the human mind may leverage the structure of co-occurring cues that it learns in daily life to prioritize a small subset of cues for impressions
Soft information in portfolio management
No full textWe identify soft information acquisition by mutual fund managers based on detailed data on investor company visits in China and study the use of soft information in portfolio management. We find a clear divergence in fund managers’ preference for soft information in investment decisions. “Soft-information” managers hold fewer stocks and tend to invest in companies with high growth potential and significant idiosyncratic risk. Trades driven by soft information acquisition are profitable, resulting in superior performance by these managers, especially in their holdings of stocks rich with soft information. Fund managers’ distinct preferences for soft versus hard information create segmentation in both information acquisition and portfolio choice