7490 research outputs found
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Assessing factors affecting forecast accuracy in automotive and surface coatings industry
Full text linkAccurate Demand forecasting for many industries including automotive and coatings industry, is a cornerstone of ensuring accurate supply forecasting for supply chain management. This research primary objective is to assess the elements that can be used to improve forecast accuracy in the surface coatings industry. An operational plan that informs resource allocation and product delivery strategy can be delivered accurately when it is informed by accurate demand forecasting. Further, the strategic decision-making of the organisation is directly impacted by the level of accuracy of forecasting as the key performance indicators are linked to forecasting for finance, operations in a formal supply chain that includes purchasing, planning, production and logistics. These elements directly impact profitability and customer satisfaction. The research was conducted using a qualitative design with data collected using a semi-structured interview model within the automotive and coatings industry. Onion metaphor was used to carry research as methodology, while thematic analysis for analysing data to provide conclusive results was practised. The review of literature and research results confirmed that there are methods still to be exploited by the industry to improve accuracy of forecasting. The impact of time horizon, data quality, seasonal fluctuations, experience and expertise of forecasters cannot be ignored as directly impacted the accuracy of forecasting as confirmed by the research and literature with non-use of AI-driven forecasting methods through advanced technologies in data analysis and strategic decision making for forecast improvement contributing to poor forecast accuracy. To address these challenges, the study recommends the use of forecasters that are trained to gain expertise in order to use advanced technologies of AI driven forecasting methods, and with time, gain experience to be able to improve and maintain forecast accuracy.Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 202
Port of Ngqura container key performance indicators that impact terminal operations in relation to port authority oversight
Full text linkAfter being pioneered by American businessman Malcolm McLean in 1956, containerised shipping has grown to be an essential component of global commerce infrastructure (Notteboom & Rodrigue, 2019). Because of the significant capital expenditure needed, shipping corporations, port operators, and freight forwarders initially opposed the changeover (Harrison, 2017). However, by the 1980s, the benefits of using containers as versatile cargo units became evident, and their use in inland and maritime freight networks grew rapidly (Broeze, 2019; Rodrigue, 2020). The world's distribution networks, and economic landscape were revolutionised, supply chains were restructured, and the globalization of production and consumption was accelerated by this expanding worldwide network of container shipping (Olivier & Hache, 2018; Levinson, 2016). From 36 million TEU in 1980 to 849 million TEU in 2021, the worldwide container port throughput has increased dramatically, placing pressure on the construction of ancillary infrastructure, including container fleets, larger vessels, expanded services, and terminals in critical locations (UNCTAD, 2021; Rodrigue & Notteboom, 2017). These terminals' footprints have expanded significantly, with some of them now capable of handling more than 5 million TEU annually (Caruzzo, 2020; Bichou, 2016). The rapid growth in container throughput has also led to increasing demands for technological advancements in port operations and logistics management, to accommodate the size and scale of these growing terminals (Ng & Lam, 2017). Moreover, the expansion of port infrastructure has been essential for maintaining the flow of global trade, particularly as containerized shipping continues to dominate international transportation networks (Panayides & Wiedmer, 2020). The container terminals act as a catalyst in global trade flows through facilitating cargo movements through different trade routes. For improving a country's competitiveness, there is a dire need for handling the productivity and operational efficiency of container terminals accordingly. Improvement strategies should be pursued for the container terminal value chain. Improvement strategies for container terminals may have positive ramifications in for port stakeholders and the shipping industry (Li et al. 2022).Thesis (MMM) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 202
Improving the implementation of performance management development systems (PMDS) in the selected hospitals of the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health
Full text linkThe study intends to improve the implementation of Performance Management Development Systems (PMDS) in the selected hospitals of the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health. PMDS is a standardised framework implemented across all government departments to ensure consistency in evaluating and developing employee performance. PMDS seeks to improve the performance of government departments by coordinating the goals of each employee with the overall goals of the company. It enables regular performance reviews to encourage responsibility and ongoing progress, while also clearly defining performance expectations and connecting roles and responsibilities to strategic objectives. PMDS also supports professional growth by identifying training and development needs. Although the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health is implementing PMDS, implementation of the PMDS is under question because of the overall performance. Hence the study investigated the factors that can be implemented by the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health to ensure that the PMDS is effective and efficient. The study was qualitative in nature, out of the target and accessible population of 252, the participation rate was 12 after which the point of saturation was reached. The study found that, while the PMDS has the potential to be an effective tool for enhancing employee performance and organisational alignment, its success largely depends on thorough and consistent implementation. Key challenges identified included a lack of understanding of the system, role ambiguity, limited commitment from employees, and insufficient opportunities for personal development. The research recommended some key actions for addressing the challenges identified in the study. Firstly, regular training on PMDS should be provided to ensure employees have a clear understanding of the system and its processes. Second, establishing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) specific to the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health would create consistency and clarity in applying PMDS across the department. Additionally, continuous monitoring and evaluation should be conducted to assess PMDS effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. Finally, fostering employee development through targeted programs would enhance skills and motivation, supporting both individual growth and the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health's overall performance.Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business School, 202
Technology and employment in the alternative banking sector of South Africa
Full text linkTechnology is advancing and evolving worldwide, and the financial sector, as an economic development engine, is highly impacted on by financial technology. The study was conducted through an online survey targeting alternative banks in South Africa, involving Corporate Financial Institutions (CFIs), Development Banks (DBs), and Cooperative Banks (CBs. The study aims to assess the impact of technological advancements on employment in the South African financial sector. Despite the positive contributions made by FinTech in the financial system through improving performance, competitiveness, and efficiencies, continuous investment in technology is believed to have ramifications for employment and job security in the labour market. The study uses theoretical and empirical literature to give insight and background of the phenomenon and provide recommendations to the alternative banking sector for skills enhancement and training required to retain workers. Additionally, the study follows a qualitative method approach in data collection and analysis where, in addition to secondary data, surveys are conducted to assess the severity of automation and job security. Data analysis consists of qualitative data analysed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Data suggests that the institutions adopted basic technology to improve efficiency but have not fully embraced automation or online services. This approach may limit their ability to compete with other financial institutions that offer more technologically advanced services. The study's findings reveal that technology has a small impact on ABS, and organizations provide training to improve employee skills. Adapting to these technological developments remains a challenge for some, while others are evolving.Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Economics, Development and Tourism, 202
Unfair discrimination based on arbitrary ground
Full text linkSection 9 establishes the right to equality and prohibits unfair discrimination, while section 23 ensures fair labor practices, protecting individuals in the workplace. Additionally, section 1(a) underscores the foundational values of human dignity, equality, and the advancement of human rights. These provisions collectively aim to create a just and equitable society, reflecting South Africa’s commitment to uphold and protect the rights of all citizens. EEA serves as a crucial framework for promoting equality and preventing discrimination in the workplace in South Africa. By prohibiting both direct and indirect unfair discrimination, the EEA ensures that individuals can seek recourse if they experience discrimination based on listed grounds such as race, gender, disability and, more. The amendment introduced in 2014, specifically through the Employment Equity Amendment Act 47 of 2013, expanded the scope of the EEA by including the phrase “or any other arbitrary ground”. This addition allows individuals to bring claims based on grounds not explicitly mentioned in the Act, as long as these grounds can be considered analogous to those listed. This change enhances the EEA’s flexibility and responsiveness to various forms of discrimination that may arise in the workplace. Overall, the EEA and its amendments reflect South Africa’s commitment to creating an equitable working environment, aligning with constitutional principles of equality and non-discrimination. The Act not only provides legal recourse for affected individuals but also encourages employers to foster inclusive and fair workplaces. This amendment has led to various interpretations since the Explanatory Memorandum to the amendments does not provide much clarity on the purpose of the particular amendment. The first possible interpretation of the amendment is that it creates a third ground of unfair discrimination. Secondly, the amendment may refer to the requirement of rationality. Thirdly, the amendment may be synonymous to “one or more grounds” or “unlisted grounds”. This study analyzes possible interpretation of the recent amendment to the EEA in light of established principles from the Constitutional Court. It argues that the first interpretation, which suggests that unfair discrimination can be identified solely on arbitrary grounds, is inadequate. The study emphasises that any claim of unfair discrimination must demonstrate not only irrationality but also that the arbitrary ground significantly impairs the complainant’s fundamental human dignity. Furthermore, the analysis finds the second interpretation unnecessary since the concept of unfair discrimination inherently includes the rationality requirement. This leads to the conclusion that the amendment essentially serves as a synonym for utilised grounds. The differentiation made in section 11 of the EEA between listed and arbitrary (unlisted) grounds-reinforces this understanding. Ultimately, the study concluded that the amendment to the EEA should be interpreted as referring specifically to unlisted grounds. Therefore, the criteria for establishing unfair discrimination based on arbitrary grounds remain consistent: the complainant must demonstrate both irrationality and a substantial impairment of human dignity.Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 202
Identity expression in language use by amaXhosa on YouTube
Full text linkThe study investigates how amaXhosa individuals express their cultural and social identity in English-dominated online spaces, particularly focusing on their language use. Typically, cultural identity is not only expressed through visible markers, such as clothing and rituals but also significantly through language. This tendency is even prevalent in online spaces, dominated by English, like YouTube and other social platforms. Unlike in-person interactions, where cultural ties can be conveyed through attire and spoken dialogue, online communication relies heavily on written text. In these digital spaces, English often emerges as the prevailing lingua franca, posing unique challenges for individuals striving to assert their cultural identity. This research assumes that amaXhosa individuals continue to find alternative ways to express their identities through language, which can be identified through studying their language practices on online platforms, such as YouTube comments. Thus, this study sets out to investigate how amaXhosa use language as a tool to express their cultural identity on English-dominated platforms, such as YouTube. A pilot study evaluated the usability of the South African Language Identification tool where comments from ten YouTube videos were used. Although initial tests revealed limitations in using this identifier on YouTube texts, it ultimately proved effective for categorising comments into English and isiXhosa, including instances of code-switching that reflect everyday communication among individuals. Consequently, 80 videos were mined from YouTube, using Python 3 and a YouTube Application Programming Interface (API). The videos were selected based on certain criteria, including the minimum number of 50 comments and multiple languages in the comments. The mined comments were then converted into a text file and pre-processed through tokenisation using Ucto, a language-independent command-line tool for text tokenisation. Although initial tests revealed limitations in using this identifier on YouTube, it ultimately proved effective for categorising comments into English and isiXhosa, including instances of code-switching that reflect everyday communication among individuals. Overall, I categorise the results on language strategies that indicate isiXhosa cultural and social identities into two broad categories: explicit and implicit categories. On the one hand, explicit strategy only includes self-categorisation as an identity marker. On the other hand, implicit categories include pronouns as identity markers, expressions of ownership and solidarity, self-identification by group affiliation, distinctions between in-group and out-group members, social comparison language reflecting pride, geographical references, such as the Eastern Cape, and culturally specific linguistic strategies. The findings in this study demonstrate a clear relationship between the isiXhosa language and possible social and cultural isiXhosa identity, highlighting how language fosters solidarity and unity among amaXhosa. In other words, commenters employ various expressive strategies to index and position themselves linguistically. Thus, this research not only reinforces existing studies on identities but also contributes significantly to language and identity studies in South Africa. As far as it could be ascertained for this study, the dissertation, which investigates language and identity on YouTube, using comments from content consumers, pioneers corpus-based studies of amaXhosa identities. It lays a methodological groundwork for future research while providing practical insights regarding current tools and platform policies. Furthermore, this study advances the understanding of language and identity by exploring digital methods for extracting and analysing YouTube comments. It supports ongoing investigations into the relationship between language and identity among amaXhosa individuals while identifying new methods to address challenges, associated with studying multilingual and multicultural interactions on digital platforms. The methodology also included creating reusable scripts for mining YouTube comments, contributing to open science through accessible code that could assist other researchers, interested in using YouTube comment data for studying language and identity or the identities of speakers from various linguistic backgrounds on the platform.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Language, Media and Communication, 202
Exploring visual representations of black tax as ubuntu and social cohesion in South African Townships
No full textThe point of departure for this paper uses a personal narrative, told to highlight the complexities and realities of living in a South African Township. The narrative is also used to highlight the existence of both family and communal support. The paper recognizes that the accepted definition for this support as being termed Black Tax, by popular media and various academics. Black Tax is described as “both financial and economic support” from employed members of families, either given to “nuclear or extended family members” (Mhlongo, 2019: 191). I use both personal narrative and other academic sources to redefine the term Black Tax as formally described, to the tax that Black individuals have had to pay for existing since the colonial period, Apartheid, until the very writing of this dissertation. I use various artist’s works to understand the depictions and meaning behind the everyday interactions of Black South Africans, which influenced the making of my own work. This work focuses on the value we, as black individuals, bring to each other’s lives through these daily interactions.Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Visual and Performing Arts, 202
An assessment of the management of vocational and training programmes in selected technical and vocational education training colleges in Gqeberha, South Africa
Full text linkGlobally, Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges are acknowledged as a crucial resource for achieving sustainable economic growth and development. Third-world countries require skilled workers to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving world regarding technology. TVET is a crucial component of any nation’s educational system, preparing students for success in the labour market. Most developing countries have acknowledged the need to establish TVET institutions to mitigate the shortage of the required manpower. In its quest to meet labour demand across various industries, South Africa introduced TVET in all provinces. This study assessed the opportunities and challenges faced in managing TVET college programmes in alignment with the government’s goal of achieving developed nation status by 2030. A descriptive research methodology helped identify the drawbacks and benefits of managing TVET colleges in Gqeberha, South Africa. The investigator employed desktop research to collect relevant data, drawing on various secondary sources from online scholarly databases. These sources included local government reports, newspaper and online articles, research studies, agency reviews, community reports, international firms’ reports, foreign government publications, research scholars’ findings, and universities and research groups’ materials. Content analysis, a qualitative method, was employed to analyse the emerging themes and patterns. The findings revealed that opportunities in TVET management include emerging technologies, collaborations and international engagements, partnerships with industry, and various support services. However, the findings indicated that TVET colleges in South Africa face challenges such as inadequate funding, lack of infrastructure, misaligned and negative perceptions, shortages of experienced and qualified lecturers and support staff, and poor governance. This study serves as a strong foundation for enhanced knowledge and improved TVET management. The study, which relied on secondary qualitative data, advances the development of an evidence-driven understanding of the state of TVET in South Africa and provides a foundation for future strategic interventions.Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Science, 202
The application of section 197 of the labour relations act 66 of 1995 on termination of service-level agreements
Full text linkStriking a balance between the rights of employees to fair labour practices, the primary objective of the Labour Relations Act1 to advance economic development which essentially entails ensuring job security versus employers’ rights to fair labour practices has caused a significant hurdle in the employment and industrial law arena. In an endeavour to bridge this gap, section 197 of the LRA was legislated to ensure the job security of the employees during the transfer of businesses by one employer to another, whilst also ensuring smooth transfer and stability of businesses during such transfers. Section 197 of the LRA suggests that employees are automatically transferred to a new employer in the event of a business being transferred as a going concern in accordance with section 197 of the LRA.2 1 66Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, School of Mercantile Law, 202
A systematic literature review of African family business research
Full text linkFamily businesses are a dominant force in the global economy, making up the majority of businesses worldwide and contributing significantly to employment and economic output. These businesses play a crucial role in both developed and emerging economies and as such, have garnered much interest amongst scholars to research family businesses. Despite the growing recognition of family businesses’ importance and increase in family business research globally, research on family businesses in Africa remains limited and underexplored, with no formalised review conducted on all African family business research to date. This lack within African family business research presents a gap in the literature, which this study seeks to address. The primary objective of this study is thus to undertake a systematic literature review of African family business research to summarise and build on the existing body of knowledge and to identify avenues for future research. The review involved searching for relevant articles in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, yielding a total of 107 articles that met this study’s inclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted in two phases: a descriptive analysis, which profiled the publications in terms of geographical focus, publication year, authors and their affiliated institutions, journal impact, citation count as well as, theories and methodologies used. Thereafter, a thematic analysis was undertaken to identify and describe key research topical clusters and themes within African family business research. The articles on which the systematic literature review was conducted were published between 1996 and 2023. South Africa, Ghana and Nigeria emerged as the African countries in which most of the studies published in these articles had been undertaken. The 107 articles included in the review were published in 63 different academic journals and authored by 274 scholars, with fifty-eight percent of these scholars being located in African countries at the time of publication. The thematic analysis revealed that African family business research was categorised into ten topical clusters, namely succession, governance, entrepreneurship, innovation, family dynamics, ownership, leadership and management, internationalisation, corporate social responsibility, socioemotional wealth and performance. Within these topical clusters various research themes and sub-themes were identified. Most articles were however categorised into three topical clusters namely, performance, family dynamics, and ownership, leadership and management. The current study contributed to the growing body of knowledge on African family businesses by conducting a systematic literature review that synthesised existing research in an African family business context. Through consolidating bibliometric data and key topical themes, as well as identifying gaps in current research, this review offered an overview of the state of family business research in Africa. This synthesis also provides a foundation for future research, offering valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to understand the complexities of family businesses in Africa. Most importantly, this study provides a roadmap for future research, helping to bridge the gap in the literature and supporting the sustainable growth of the family business research field in Africa.Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Management Sciences, 202