HAL-Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Not a member yet
75442 research outputs found
Sort by
Efficient combination of deep learning models for solar panel damage and soiling detection
No full textInternational audienc
Repositioning of moxidectin: a promising approach in cutaneous leishmaniasis therapy
No full textInternational audienceCutaneous leishmaniasis presents a significant challenge to public health due to its diverse clinical manifestations, resistance development, and treatment-related adverse effects. Here, we examined the efficacy of ivermectin, moxidectin (MOX), afoxolaner, and permethrin against all stages of Leishmania tropica and THP-1 cells. We also assessed the potential for resistance acquisition after 15 rounds of artificial selection. To elucidate the mode of action of MOX, we employed RNA sequencing, molecular dynamics simulation, and chloride flux assays. Additionally, we evaluated the therapeutic index of MOX using the Galleria mellonella infection model. MOX demonstrated the highest selectivity index against leishmaniasis (promastigotes: 0.58 μM; amastigotes: 0.96 μM; host cells: 60.29 μM). Moreover, MOX exhibited the lowest resistance acquisition in both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes after 15 rounds of artificial selection, with resistance ratios of 17.23 and 4.59, respectively. Post-exposure to MOX, differential gene expression profiles showed both stage-specific and stage-unspecific enrichment of gene families involved in crucial biological processes. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations revealed a potential neutralizing effect of MOX on the chloride channel of L. tropica. Specifically, MOX binds to the selectivity filter, potentially disrupting the osmotic equilibrium and thereby killing the parasite. The in vivo introduction of MOX significantly inhibited the growth of L. tropica in G. mellonella larvae, resulting in decreased rates of mortality and melanization. These findings indicate that MOX is a promising candidate for the treatment of L. tropica infections, warranting further investigation and potential consideration for clinical use
Yeast fungaemia among injection drug users in France (2012–2022): a cross-sectional observational study
No full textFrench Mycoses Study Group : Taieb Chouaki,Marc Pihet,Anne-Pauline Bellanger,Magalie Demar,Nicole Desbois-Nogard,Muriel Nicolas,Marie-Fleur Durieux,Milène Sasso,Estelle Perraud-Cateau,Jean-Pierre Gangneux,Caroline Mahinc,Sophie Cassaing,Adelaide Chesnay,Guillaume Desoubeaux,André Paugam,Elisabeth Chachaty,Marie-Elisabteth Bougnoux,Lilia Merabet,Patricia Mariani,Maité MicaeloInternational audienceBackgroundIntravenous injection drug use (IVDU) is an established but infrequent risk factor for yeast fungaemia. We aimed to identify features and outcomes of yeast fungaemia associated with IVDU in a nationwide surveillance network in France.MethodsWe prospectively included episodes of yeast fungaemia in adults between 2012 and 2022. Episodes with any history of IVDU were considered IVDU-associated. We compared clinical characteristics, infecting species, antifungal treatments, and 90-day mortality between groups. We used Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables.FindingsWe recorded 9549 episodes of yeast fungaemia among 9132 adults. Among these, 183 (1·9%) were IVDU-associated. Compared with non-IVDU, individuals with IVDU-associated fungaemia were younger and less likely to have a history of malignancy (13·8%, 20/145 vs. 49·5%, 4447/8987, p < 0·0001) or recent surgery (24·3%, 34/140 vs. 37·3%, 3261/8,733, p = 0·0014), and more likely to have deep-seated infections (14·5%, 21/145 vs. 3·4%, 307/8987, p < 0·0001). IVDU cases less often involved Candida albicans (30·1%, 55/183 vs. 47·6%, 4458/9366, p < 0·0001) and more often involved mixed-species infections (13·1%, 24/183 vs. 4·3%, 402/9366), p < 0·0001. Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were overrepresented among IVDU cases (6·0%, 11/183 vs. 0·5%, 48/9366, p < 0·0001 and 5·5%, 10/183 vs. 0·05%, 5/9366, p < 0·0001, respectively). The crude 90-day case-fatality ratio was 20·7% (95% CI: 13·7%–29·2%) in the IVDU group versus 48·4% (95% CI: 47·3–49·5%) for non-IVDU.InterpretationIVDU-associated yeast fungaemia presents distinct clinical and microbiological characteristics, highlighting the need for tailored diagnosis and management
The Impact of Inquiry-Based Science Teaching in Secondary Schools
No full textFor many years, various institutional texts have discussed the role of inquiry-based science teaching (IBST) in renewing science teaching practices. A number of curricula have adopted this teaching approach in more or less similar forms, but there is no real consensus on IBST definition.IBST is the subject of a great deal of research. However, the merits of this type of teaching approach are hardly debated, with some publications arguing that IBST is superior to more direct, explicit teaching in terms of learning, or that they should be combined. But what kind of learning are we really talking about? If we consider that the stakes of science learning are centered on a better understanding of science by the learner and the training of scientists, three aspects need to be developed: learning science, learning about science and learning to do science. IBST seems to be a good candidate for implementing these principles.This Special Issue of Education Sciences aims to reflect current work investigating the impact of IBST on secondary school students' learning of science in and out of the classroom. Potential topics include the following: pedagogical interventions; analyses of teacher and student practices, taking into account student diversity, including linguistic diversity or special education; outdoor education; the development of student autonomy; student argumentation and creativity; student cooperation; student motivation for science; and relationships between student learning and teacher guidance and/or task type. Any other topics within the scope of this Special Issue are also welcome and will be given full consideration
Phytomicrobiome Research for Disease and Pathogen Management
No full textInternational audienceMicroorganisms associated with soil and plants, also known as the phytomicrobiome, include beneficial members that provide critical ecosystem services and pathogens that threaten food safety and security [...
L'égalité n'est pas l'unité : le Conseil d'État soumet les prestations des cantines pénitentiaires aux circonstances locales
No full textInternational audienc
Silences brisés, douleurs exorcisées. La dramathérapie en milieu carcéral féminin : Yawmiyyāt Šahrazāde de Zeina Daccache
No full textInternational audienc
Midwives’ journals go online
No full textInternational audienceThis article disseminates info on midwifery while allowing readers to improve their Englis