HAL-Université de Bretagne Occidentale
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Les effets de l'autoritarisme et du néolibéralisme sur l'éducation : le cas chilien
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Trans-Atlantic drift of the holopelagic Sargassum natans and S. fluitans on the Moroccan Atlantic coast: First report linked to unusual climatic event and ocean currents in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean
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Long-term plankton and environmental monitoring dataset from the marine protected area of the Iroise Marine Natural Park (2010–2023) in the Iroise Sea, North Atlantic
No full textInternational audienceThis data paper presents a long-term monitoring dataset of phytoplankton (2010–2022) and zooplankton (2010–2023) communities, as well as associated environmental parameters (2010–2023), from the Iroise Marine Natural Park, Iroise Sea, North Atlantic, France's first marine protected area (Drago et al., 2025). The dataset combines traditional microscopy-based phytoplankton counts with zooplankton data (abundances) obtained from digitized images using the ZooScan imaging system, along with surface and bottom temperature and salinity measurements. Sampling was conducted seasonally along two main transects and three coastal stations, capturing both spatial and temporal dynamics of plankton communities. Phytoplankton was identified at the species level by the same taxonomist during all the time series (573 taxa in total). From their individual images, zooplankton were automatically sorted into 103 taxonomic and morphological groups, validated by an expert, and compiled into a data table, allowing both community and individual approaches using abundances and biovolumes at both individual and community levels. Individual zooplankton images have also been made available for further morphometric analyses. This 14-year-long, spatially and temporally resolved zooplankton imaging dataset (available at https://doi.org/10.17882/105465) is part of an ongoing effort to enhance the availability of zooplankton imaging data, locally and globally. This, as a whole dataset, can be used to study the influence of coastal–offshore environmental gradients on marine plankton biodiversity patterns, especially in protected waters at the intersection of the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean, in a region characterized by the presence of the Ushant front
A framework for risk assessment during natural hazard based on the Choquet integral and MACBETH
No full textInternational audienceRisk assessment in the face of natural disasters is an increasingly critical issue with climate change. Evaluating risk involves two distinct assessments: first, the probability of the disaster occurring, and second, the potential stakes or impacts of such an event. These impacts are generally categorized along several dimensions, notably human factors and infrastructure concerns. However, even when focusing solely on human stakes, characterizing risk –particularly in terms of the potential to prevent casualties– is complex. The most common approach to this problem relies on a weighted sum, which assigns specific weights to each criterion. This method effectively establishes the relative importance of one criterion over another and has the advantage of being linear. However, it also presents certain limitations. In particular, its linearity prevents it from capturing interactions between criteria, such as veto effects. In this paper, we propose a risk mapping method that utilizes an alternative aggregation function. Specifically, we rely on the Choquet integral, which allows for the modeling of interactions between criteria, whether in terms of complementarity or substitutability, while maintaining desirable properties such as monotonicity.We evaluate our approach by applying it to the challenge addressed in the MOGEC project: coastal flooding projections under IPCC’s RCP 8.5 scenario in the Pays-de-la-Loire region, following a storm of similar magnitude to Xynthia. For this assessment, we rely on the expertise of emergency response teams, for whom risk mapping is a key concern. Specifically, we demonstrate the advantages and limitations of our approach in the municipality of Batz-sur-Mer within this projected scenario
Le cadre de santé et l'éco-conception des soins
No full textL’hôpital, où soigner rime avec polluer, est plus que jamais au cœur des préoccupations écoresponsables de notre société. Ce mémoire interroge l’accompagnement du cadre de santé dans la conduite du changement vers des pratiques soignantes éco-conçues. Le travail de recherche, basé sur une démarche hypothético-déductive, cherche à répondre à la problématique suivante : quels sont les leviers dont dispose le cadre de santé pour conduire le changement auprès des professionnels de santé hospitaliers, pour mettre en œuvre une démarche d’éco-conception des soins ? L’élaboration d’une revue de littérature a permis dans un premier temps d’apporter des pistes de réponses. Elles ont pu être ensuite enrichies et confrontées aux données empiriques recueillies durant les neuf entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de cadres de santé, aides-soignants et infirmiers du secteur hospitalier. Les résultats confirment la nécessité d’un accompagnement des professionnels dans le changement de leurs pratiques par un management de proximité participatif et porteur de sens. Le cadre de santé dispose de multiples leviers, parfois éloignés de l’écoresponsabilité mais dont il devra se saisir de façon adaptée afin de conduire le changement de façon pérenne. Ce mémoire propose des pistes concrètes pour engager une démarche d’éco-conception des soins en valorisant les professionnels et en inscrivant l’action dans une vision globale, durable et humaine du soin. Il reflète enfin l’engagement des professionnels, au service de la santé des usagers et de l’environnement
L’autre irresponsabilité. Sur Johann Chapoutot, Les Irresponsables. Qui a porté Hitler au pouvoir ? (Paris, Gallimard, « NRF Essais », 2025)
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Chélates perfectionnés du Zr(IV) pour des méthodes de diagnostics innovantes
No full textPositron Emission Tomography (PET) requires radiopharmaceuticals that can selectively target and image biological processes in vivo. Among emerging metallic isotopes, zirconium-89 (89Zr) is especially promising due to its half-life, well-suited to track slowly distributing biomolecules such as antibodies. However, the limited stability of current complexes, especially those involving DFO, hinders clinical performance. This thesis investigates the development of novel functionalized macrocyclic ligands designed to form stable and kinetically inert complexes with Zr(IV). Hydroxamic acid and hydroxypyridinone functions are used as coordinating units in the design of structures optimized for octadentate coordination. Synthesis routes have been optimized for each target compound. Characterization, 89Zr radiolabelling studies and preliminary stability assessments of the radiochelates have set a trend for the selection or design of future chelators for in vivo application. This work advances the rational design of chelators for modern nuclear imaging.L’imagerie TEP repose sur l’utilisation de radiopharmaceutiques capables de cibler et de visualiser des processus biologiques in vivo. Parmi les isotopes métalliques émergents, le zirconium-89 (89Zr) présente un intérêt croissant en raison de sa demi-vie adaptée à l’imagerie des biomolécules à distribution lente, comme les anticorps. Cependant, la stabilité limitée des complexes actuellement utilisés (notamment ceux à base de DFO) compromet leur efficacité clinique. Cette thèse explore le développement de nouveaux ligands macrocycliques fonctionnalisés, capables de former des complexes stables et inertes avec le Zr(IV). Des fonctions acide hydroxamique et hydroxypyridinone sont utilisées comme unités coordinantes dans la conception de structures optimisées pour une coordination octadentate. Des voies de synthèse ont été optimisées pour chaque composés visés. La caractérisation, les études de radiomarquage au 89Zr et les premières évaluations de la stabilité des radiochélates ont permis de définir une tendance pour la sélection ou la conception de futurs chélateurs pour une application in vivo. Ce travail contribue à la conception réfléchie de chélateurs adaptés à la radiopharmacie moderne
COPD exacerbation purulence status and its association with pulmonary embolism: a systematic review with meta-analysis
No full textInternational audienceThe risk of pulmonary embolism was clinically lower in patients with purulent acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) compared to patients with nonpurulent/unknown aetiology AECOPD https://bit. ly/4leYsQt </div